Beyond buying time: the role of plasticity in phenotypic adaptation to rapid environmental change

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 374(1768), P. 20180174 - 20180174

Published: Jan. 28, 2019

How populations and species respond to modified environmental conditions is critical their persistence both now into the future, particularly given increasing pace of change. The process adaptation novel can occur via two mechanisms: (1) expression phenotypic plasticity (the ability one genotype express varying phenotypes when exposed different conditions), (2) evolution selection for particular phenotypes, resulting in modification genetic variation population. Plasticity, because it acts at level individual, often hailed as a rapid-response mechanism that will enable organisms adapt survive our rapidly changing world. But also retard by shifting distribution population, shielding from natural selection. In addition which, not all plastic responses are adaptive-now well-documented cases ecological traps. this theme issue, we aim present considered view role could play facilitating or hindering adaption This introduction provides re-examination current understanding sets issue's contributions broader context. Four key themes emerge: need measure across space time; importance past predicting future; link between sexual selection; understand more about nature on itself. We conclude advocating cross-disciplinary collaborations settle question whether promote species' rates ever-more stressful conditions. article part issue 'The rapid change'.

Language: Английский

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The effect of experimental design on the measurement of mate choice: a meta-analysis

Behavioral Ecology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 311 - 319

Published: Aug. 29, 2014

Quantifying the shape and strength of mating preferences is a vital component study sexual selection reproductive isolation, but influence experimental design on these estimates unclear. Mating may be tested using either no-choice or choice designs, tests result in different preference strength. However, previous studies testing for this difference have given mixed results. To quantify obtained 2 we performed meta-analysis 38 40 species which both designs were used to test single species/trait/sex combination. We found that significantly stronger when compared with design. suggest due increased cost rejecting partners tests; if individuals perceive they are unlikely remate situation will more likely mate randomly. Importantly use mates primarily encountered sequentially wild lead being overestimated. Furthermore, pattern was seen female not male choice, intraspecific interspecies interpopulation discrimination. Our thus highlights fact preferences, selection, can vary between across social ecological contexts.

Language: Английский

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Why Sexually Selected Weapons Are Not Ornaments

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 31(10), P. 742 - 751

Published: July 29, 2016

Language: Английский

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The total opportunity for sexual selection and the integration of pre‐ and post‐mating episodes of sexual selection in a complex world

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 2338 - 2361

Published: Aug. 13, 2016

It is well known that sexual selection can target reproductive traits during successive pre- and post-mating episodes of selection. A key focus recent studies has been to understand quantify how these interact determine overall variance in success. In this article, we review empirical developments field but also highlight the considerable variability patterns selection, attributable variation resource acquisition allocation, ecological social factors, genotype-by-environment interaction possible methodological factors might obscure such patterns. Our aim (co)variances sexually selected be sensitive changes a range environmental variables. We argue failure capture when quantifying opportunity for may lead erroneous conclusions about strength, direction or form operating on traits. Overall, advocate approaches combine measures across contrasting gradients better dynamics polyandrous species. discuss some directions future research area.

Language: Английский

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Temperature as a modulator of sexual selection

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 95(6), P. 1607 - 1629

Published: July 20, 2020

A central question in ecology and evolution is to understand why sexual selection varies so much strength across taxa; it has long been known that ecological factors are crucial this. Temperature a particularly salient abiotic factor modulates wide range of physiological, morphological behavioural traits, impacting individuals populations at global taxonomic scale. Furthermore, temperature exhibits substantial temporal variation (e.g. daily, seasonally inter-seasonally), hence for most species the wild will regularly unfold dynamic thermal environment. Unfortunately, studies have far almost completely neglected role as modulator selection. Here, we outline main pathways through which can affect intensity form (i.e. mechanisms) selection, via: (i) direct effects on secondary traits preferences trait variance, opportunity trait-fitness covariance), (ii) indirect key mating parameters, sex-specific reproductive costs/benefits, trade-offs, demography correlated factors. Building upon this framework, show that, by focusing exclusively first-order environmental linked with individual fitness population viability, current warming may be ignoring eco-evolutionary feedbacks mediated Finally, tested general prediction conducting meta-analysis available experimentally manipulating reporting variance male/female success and/or under Our results clear association between measures both sexes. In short, suggest studying feedback processes vital developing better understanding nature, its consequences viability response change warming).

Language: Английский

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Predicting the effects of anthropogenic noise on fish reproduction

Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 245 - 268

Published: March 5, 2020

Abstract Aquatic animals use and produce sound for critical life functions, including reproduction. Anthropogenic noise is recognized as a global source of environmental pollution adequate conservation management strategies are urgently needed. It becomes therefore to identify the reproductive traits that render species vulnerable acoustic disturbances, types anthropogenic most likely impact Here, we provide predictions about on fish reproduction following two-step approach: first, grouped documented effects into three mechanistic categories: stress, masking hearing-loss, test which type (continuous vs intermittent regular irregular) was significant response in each category with either meta-analysis or quantitative review, depending data availability. Second, reviewed existing literature predict would sensitive hearing-loss. In step one, concluded continuous sounds irregular amplitude and/or frequency-content (e.g. heavy ship traffic) were cause also induce From two vulnerability noise-induced stress will mainly depend on: (1) its potential reallocate more quiet times locations, (2) hearing-loss function communication behaviour. We discuss stages be based these findings. Graphic abstract

Language: Английский

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The geography of sex-specific selection, local adaptation, and sexual dimorphism

Evolution, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 69(9), P. 2333 - 2344

Published: July 21, 2015

Local adaptation and sexual dimorphism are iconic evolutionary scenarios of intraspecific adaptive differentiation in the face gene flow. Although theory has traditionally considered local as conceptually distinct processes, emerging data suggest that they often act concurrently during diversification. Here, I merge theories space sex-specific over time, show their confluence yields several new predictions about roles context-specific selection, migration, genetic correlations, specifically revisit two influential from classical studies clinal dimorphism: (1) should decrease with distance species' range center (2) opposing directional selection between sexes (sexual antagonism) inevitably accompany evolution dimorphism. both can break down under clinally varying selection. First, geography be sexually dimorphic, locations relatively high differing profoundly sexes. Second, intensity antagonism varies across range, subpopulations near representing hotspots for antagonistic The results highlight context-dependent migration versus conflict primary constraints to

Language: Английский

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Eco‐evolutionary dynamics of sexual selection and sexual conflict

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 33(1), P. 60 - 72

Published: Dec. 18, 2018

Abstract The research framework of eco‐evolutionary dynamics is increasing in popularity, as revealed by a steady stream review articles and recent influential book, but primary empirical lagging behind. Moreover, the few case studies demonstrating might not be entirely representative. Much current on focused how ecological interactions lead to natural selection phenotypic traits (“eco‐evo”), turn evolutionary change such feed back (“evo‐eco”). A key feature thus feedback loop between ecology (e.g., population dynamics) evolution (i.e., genetic change). In contrast previous driven selection, role feedbacks sexual conflict largely unknown. Here, I theory limited evidence this area identify some promising future lines research. update past contemporary secondary populations formulate six explicit rigorous criteria for or conflict. then discuss other prediction shapes dynamics). My overview reveals that our knowledge mainly come from theoretical models laboratory experiments. major challenge therefore link with This an easy task possible carefully chosen study systems methods. plain language summary available article.

Language: Английский

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Environment-Dependent Sexual Selection: Bateman’s Parameters under Varying Levels of Food Availability

The American Naturalist, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 185(6), P. 756 - 768

Published: April 16, 2015

Sexual selection is a potent evolutionary force that has been shown to vary in strength and direction depending on demographic factors such as density sex ratio. However, the effect of other environmental mode sexual remains largely unexplored. Here, we tested experimentally how food restriction affects potential for male female function simultaneously hermaphroditic freshwater snail Physa acuta. We manipulated availability compared Bateman's metrics between groups five well-fed food-restricted snails. Food-restricted individuals had reduced reproductive output, suggesting successfully resources. Importantly, opportunity (in terms lowered variance mating success) led diminishing returns both sexes nonsignificant Bateman gradients). Furthermore, observed significant changes relative contribution different fitness components, stronger postcopulatory role fecundity under restricted conditions. This study highlights need incorporate ecological better understand operates wild.

Language: Английский

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Competition for mates and the improvement of nonsexual fitness

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 115(26), P. 6762 - 6767

Published: June 11, 2018

Significance Competition for mates is often intense. The resulting selection can have pervasive effects across the genome, potentially affecting components of nonsexual fitness. There controversy over whether these on fitness occur and, if so, their direction. Past studies yielded variable results but without providing insight into why outcomes vary. Here, we show that when mate competition occurs in an environment which male harassment weak, there are substantial benefits terms rate adaptation to novel larval conditions as well purging inbreeding depression. In contrast, absent strong.

Language: Английский

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