Sleep: An Essential and Understudied Process in the Biology of Blood-Feeding Arthropods

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 63(3), P. 530 - 547

Published: July 8, 2023

Synopsis Understanding the biology of blood-feeding arthropods is critical to managing them as vectors etiological agents. Circadian rhythms act in regulation behavioral and physiological aspects such blood feeding, immunity, reproduction. However, impact sleep on these processes has been largely ignored arthropods, but recent studies mosquitoes show that sleep-like states directly host landing feeding. Our focus this review discussing relationship between circadian along with how unique gluttony dormancy can states. We highlight are likely have profound impacts vector–host interactions will vary lineages even though few direct conducted. A myriad factors, artificial light, could time levels their roles vectors. Lastly, we discuss underlying factors make difficult be bypassed. As a factor fitness animal systems, lack represents significant oversight understanding behavior its role pathogen transmission.

Language: Английский

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Dehydration stress and Mayaro virus vector competence in Aedes aegypti

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 97(12)

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

ABSTRACT The mosquito Aedes aegypti is a competent vector of multiple pathogens, including dengue, Zika, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Mayaro viruses. Ae. highly invasive currently present in the Americas, Oceania, Asia, Europe, but its distribution pathogens it transmits are expected to change due climate change. Relative humidity (RH) an environmental variable that affects biology can differ between location, habitat, season, with mosquitoes facing significant variation RH during their lifespan. Low relative induce dehydration mosquitoes, leading alterations physiological behavioral responses relevant pathogen transmission, such as blood-feeding host-seeking behavior. In this study, we evaluated short- long-term effects low shock on mortality virus infection competence . Our results show exposure does not impact viral titers, nor infection, dissemination, transmission rates infected virus. However, detected effect frequency, regardless status. previously observed higher feeding current observation altered survival, along no competence, suggest will likely be complex. IMPORTANCE physiology transmission. host‐seeking We temporal drop (RH shock) While induced by did which could significantly dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Tree diversity enhances predation by birds but not by arthropods across climate gradients

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Tree diversity can promote both predator abundance and diversity. However, whether this translates into increased predation top‐down control of herbivores across taxonomic groups contrasting environmental conditions remains unresolved. We used a global network tree experiments ( TreeDivNet ) spread three continents biomes to test the effects species richness on varying climatic temperature precipitation. recorded bird arthropod attempts plasticine caterpillars in monocultures mixtures. Both by birds but not arthropods. Furthermore, were consistent studied gradient. Our findings provide evidence that strengthens insect birds, underscoring need implement conservation strategies safeguard sustain ecosystem services provided natural enemies forests.

Language: Английский

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Temperature influences desiccation resistance of bumble bees

Journal of Insect Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 155, P. 104647 - 104647

Published: May 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Low humidity enhances Zika virus infection and dissemination in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

mSphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(8)

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

ABSTRACT As climate change alters Earth’s biomes, it is expected the transmission dynamics of mosquito-borne viruses will change. While effects temperature changes on mosquito-virus interactions and spread pathogens have been elucidated over last decade, impact relative humidity still relatively unknown. To overcome this knowledge gap, we exposed Aedes aegypti females to various conditions. We measured different components vectorial capacity such as survival, blood-feeding rates, in infection dissemination Zika virus. Survival decreased level decreased, while rates increased decreased. Alternatively, blood feeding disseminated peaked at intermediate 50% treatment but were same 30% 80% treatments. These results provide empirical evidence that Ae. exposure low can enhance virus mosquito, which has important implications predicting how viruses. IMPORTANCE Viruses transmitted by mosquitoes humans are a major public health burden increase under know an driver variation arbovirus replication very little known about other relevant variables influence interaction between they transmit. Given variability across environments, predicted change, imperative also study mosquito arboviruses.

Language: Английский

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Thermal tolerance of mosquito eggs is associated with urban adaptation and human interactions

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2024

Climate change is expected to profoundly affect mosquito distributions and their ability serve as vectors for disease, specifically with the anticipated increase in heat waves. The rising temperature frequent waves can accelerate life cycles, facilitating higher disease transmission. Conversely, temperatures could mortality a negative consequence. Warmer are associated increased human density, suggesting need anthropophilic mosquitoes adapt be more hardy stress. Mosquito eggs provide an opportunity study biological impact of climate warming this stage stationary must tolerate at site female oviposition. As such, egg thermotolerance critical survival specific habitat. In nature,

Language: Английский

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The impact of humidity on the functional response of Blattisocius Mali (Acari: Blattisociidae) preying on the acarid mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Abstract Humidity influences the life table parameters and foraging behaviours of various terrestrial arthropods. The soil mite, Blattisocius mali Oudemans is a potential biological control agent some acarid mites, moths, nematodes. In current study, we investigated functional response B. preying on eggs mould mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank (Acari: Acaridae) at different humidity levels between 33% 92%. To determine type response, used logistic regression generalized equation suggested by Real. were estimated using models proposed Hassell Cabello et al. exhibited Type II III other tested humidities (52%, 72%, 82%, 92%). for prey mortality (α) was highest, i.e., 0.05923, handling time shortest, 0.00463 day, 92% humidity, indicating highest efficiency this humidity. Our findings revealed that more efficient higher as compared to lower levels. affected predation rate might have played an important role in stabilizing predator–prey system shifting with

Language: Английский

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Variability and evolution of gene order rearrangement in mitochondrial genomes of arthropods (except Hexapoda)

Gene, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 892, P. 147906 - 147906

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

In the species-rich Phylum Arthropoda, mitochondrial genome is relatively well conserved both in terms of number and order genes. However, specific clades have a 'typical' gene that differs from putative arthropod ancestral arrangement. The aim this work was to compare rate rearrangements at inter- intra-taxonomic levels Arthropoda postulate most parsimonious orders representing four major lineages. For purpose, we performed comparative genomic analysis genomes available NCBI database. Using combination bioinformatics methods examined 464 species arthropods three subphyla (Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea [except Hexapoda, previously analyzed]), observed differences rearrangement within A higher Chelicerata compared Myriapoda. Likewise, early branching exhibit less variability than late clades, each subphylum. We identified 'hot regions' studied subphylum, postulated likely subphylum taxonomic order. Our provides new evidence on evolutionary dynamics architectures different divisions lineage arthropods.

Language: Английский

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Dehydration yields distinct transcriptional shifts associated with glycogen metabolism and increases feeding in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 172(2), P. 154 - 167

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Abstract We examined water balance characteristics and the influence of desiccating conditions on physiology behavior adult western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Western thrips are globally invasive likely to contend with shifts in availability across their expansive geographic range. Basic characteristics, including mass dry mass, were established for males females, revealing a distinct sexual dimorphism wherein females larger, retain larger percentage body as water. Males lose relative more quickly survival times shorter compared females. RNA‐seq analysis identified significant enrichment multitude factors carbohydrate transport metabolism dehydrated This was validated by altered glycogen levels, suggesting rapid depletion during dehydration. The probability feeding significantly increases when desiccation occurs, potentially replenish content nutrient reserves. Our results establish fundamental indicate that dehydration influences survivorship thrips; all which being crucial contribute capacity vectors plant pathogens.

Language: Английский

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Single Cell Transcriptome Defines Cell Type Repertoire of Adult Daphnia magna.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 30, 2024

Abstract Detailed knowledge of transcriptional responses to environmental and developmental cues is impossible without single cell (SC) resolution data. We performed two SC RNAseq experiments surveying profiles females males D. magna , a freshwater plankton crustacean which both classic emerging new model for eco-physiology, toxicology, evolutionary genomics. were able identify over 30 distinct types about half could be functionally annotated. First, we identified ovaries- testis-related by focusing on female- male-specific clusters. Second, compared markers between clusters bulk data early embryos, circulating hemocytes, midgut, heads (containing brain, eyes, muscles hepatic caeca), antennae II, carapace. Finally, Daphnia with orthologous 250+ annotated in Drosophila atlas. This allowed us recognize striated muscle cells, gut enterocytes, cuticular as well 5 different neuron types, including photoreceptors 3 ovaries-related clusters, one tentatively the germ line cells. One well-defined cluster showed significant enrichment hemocytes fat body but not from allowing hypothesize existence non-circulating, body-associated population . On other hand, express numerous proteins suggesting their role, addition macrophagy, wound repair. At same time remain unidentified, those that map FCA groups ambiguously or are characterized -specific no clear orthology fruitfly. Likewise, many known presumed tissues have been A detailed in-situ hybridization study would necessary match yet functional groups. Highlights First single-cell transcriptomic atlas identifies > types. Novel type representing may play role cuticle regeneration. Evidence non-circulating hemocyte-like cells associated Daphnia. Cuticle/epithelial expressing photoreceptors, light-sensing capabilities. Subfunctionalization divergent paralogs across ecological versatility.

Language: Английский

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