Levels of conflict over wildlife: Understanding and addressing the right problem

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(10)

Published: Aug. 22, 2020

Abstract Human–wildlife conflicts are complex and defy simple explanations solutions. The fields of conflict analysis peacebuilding offer insights into the intensity, intractability, possible approaches to addressing different kinds conflict. Building on these fields, as well advances in conservation practice, we adapt a framework for human–wildlife that consists three levels over wildlife: Level 1 disputes issues such crop or livestock loss concerns about safety, yet typically involve relatively high tolerance damage‐inducing species. In level 2 conflicts, addition visible impact wildlife, there is history unsatisfactory attempts address issues, creating underlying resentment, tensions, sense injustice among at least one parties. 3 deep‐rooted become intertwined with identities parties community involved, extend broader tensions social clashing values beliefs. Such require mediated reconciliation dialogues transformation approaches. A structured understanding how before it escalates deeper fundamental managing challenges dynamic wildlife.

Language: Английский

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Finding Purpose in the Conservation of Biodiversity by the Commingling of Science and Ethics

Animals, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 837 - 837

Published: March 16, 2021

Averting the biodiversity crisis requires closing a gap between how humans tend to behave, individually and collectively, we ought behave—“ought to” in sense of behaviors required avert crisis. Closing that synthesizing insight from ethics with insights social behavioral sciences. This article contributes synthesis, which presents several provocative hypotheses: (i) Lessening promoting pro-conservation behavior among humans. Doing so better scientific understanding one’s purpose life affects conservation-relevant behaviors. Psychology virtue-focused indicate is importantly influenced by purpose. However, conservation psychology has neglected inquiries on (a) influence (both content strength purpose) conservation-related (b) foster purposes; (ii) lessening governance—the regulation governments, markets or other organization through various means, including laws, norms, power—to explicitly take as one its fundamental purposes do across scales human behaviors, local communities nations corporations; (iii) intervention via governance nudge line without undue infringement basic values. Aligning inhibited underlying being underspecified. Adequate specification conservation’s will require additional interdisciplinary research involving ethics, sciences, biology.

Language: Английский

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Exploring Routes to Coexistence: Developing and Testing a Human–Elephant Conflict-Management Framework for African Elephant-Range Countries

Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 525 - 525

Published: June 29, 2022

Creating a future for elephants and people is highly complex dynamic challenge, involving social, behavioral, ecological dimensions as well multiple actors with various interests. To foster learning from human–elephant conflict (HEC) management projects share best practices, study was conducted to review the of conflicts between humans in 12 African countries by qualitative expert interviews. Based on this information, HEC framework developed two-tiered process. In first phase, theory developed. second theoretical validated adjusted through stakeholder participation two southern (in Mozambique Malawi). This holistic approach considers environmental political, cultural, economic factors directly or indirectly affecting interactions wildlife. The integrates six interlinked strategies guide managers conservation practitioners address HWC drivers mitigate their impact. A legal environment spatial planning form basis framework. Social strategies, including meaningful engagement design appropriate institutional structures processes are considered heart Technical financial represent its arms hands. At top, monitoring steers all processes, provides feedback adjustment, informs decisions. integration coordination these has great potential guiding route human–wildlife coexistence Africa elsewhere.

Language: Английский

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Perspectives of traditional Himalayan communities on fostering coexistence with Himalayan wolf and snow leopard

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 2(3)

Published: Dec. 30, 2019

Abstract The Himalayan wolf Canis sp. and snow leopard Panthera uncia are found in the Nepalese Himalayas where conservation efforts target latter but not former. We conducted semistructured questionnaire surveys of 71 residents upper Humla, Dolpa, Kanchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA) during 2014–2016 to understand people's knowledge, perceptions, attitudes interactions with these two carnivores. fitted a cumulative link mixed model predict Likert scale ordinal responses from series Generalized Linear Mixed Models. Overall, were more positive toward leopards than wolves. Livestock depredation was main predictor general negative attitude wolves (Estimate = −1.30873; p .029866) there no evidence for an effect −0.3640; .631446). Agropastoralists had respondents other occupations both carnivores men women. Among our study areas, community‐owned KCA most attitudes. Our findings illustrate need reduce human–carnivore conflict through combined approach education, mitigation, economic cost‐sharing respectful engagement local communities. Specifically, encourage villagers participate livestock insurance schemes, they should be improved by including all large adjusting compensation market value young replacement depredated type. Carnivore interventions whole predator guild achieve long‐term success protect ecosystem at large.

Language: Английский

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Predicting biodiversity richness in rapidly changing landscapes: climate, low human pressure or protection as salvation?

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(14), P. 4035 - 4057

Published: Oct. 9, 2020

Abstract Rates of biodiversity loss in Southeast Asia are among the highest world, and Indo-Burma South-Central China Biodiversity Hotspots rank world’s most threatened. Developing robust multi-species conservation models is critical for stemming both here globally. We used a large geographically extensive remote-camera survey multi-scale, multivariate optimization species distribution modelling to investigate factors driving across these two adjoining hotspots. Four major findings emerged from work. (i) identified clear spatial patterns richness, with main biodiverse centres Thai-Malay Peninsula mountainous region Southwest China. (ii) Carnivores particular, ungulates lesser degree, were strongest indicators richness. (iii) Climate had largest effect on biodiversity, followed by protected status human footprint. (iv) Gap analysis between model current system areas revealed that majority supporting predicted not protected. Our results highlighted several key locations should be prioritized expanding area network maximize effectiveness. demonstrated importance switching single-species approaches highlight high priority conservation. In addition, since mostly occur over multiple countries, we also advocate paradigmatic focus transboundary planning.

Language: Английский

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Planning for Human-Wildlife Coexistence: Conceptual Framework, Workshop Process, and a Model for Transdisciplinary Collaboration

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Nov. 24, 2021

Coexistence, as a concept and management goal practice, has attracted increasing attention from researchers, managers decision-makers dedicated to understanding improving human-wildlife interactions. Although it still lacks universally agreed definition, coexistence increasingly been associated with broad spectrum of interactions, including positive transcending conservation focus on endangered wildlife, involving explicitly considerations power, equity justice. In growingly complex interconnected human-dominated world, the key turning interactions into large-scale is thorough planning. We present an approach for evidence-based, structured, participatory decision-making in planning coexistence. More specifically, we propose (i) conceptual framework describing situation setting goals, (ii) process examining causes creating theory change, (iii) model transdisciplinary research collaboration integrating residents along interests wildlife. To illustrate approach, report workshop considering Jaguars Iguaçu , project whose strategy includes improvement relationship between ranchers jaguars outside National Park, Brazil.

Language: Английский

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Reflecting on the role of human‐felid conflict and local use in big cat trade

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Illegal trade in big cat ( Panthera spp.) body parts is a prominent topic scientific and public discourses concerning wildlife conservation. While illegal generally acknowledged as threat to species, we suggest that two enabling factors have, date, been under‐considered. To end, discuss the roles of human‐felid conflict , “ local ” use parts. Drawing examples from across species regions, look at generalities, contextual subtleties, ambiguities, definitional complexities. We caution against underestimating extent “local” cats highlight potential killings supply

Language: Английский

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The reintroduction of Apennine chamois in the Majella National Park: An evaluation of long-term results

Journal for Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 126950 - 126950

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Ethics of Human–Animal Relationships and Public Discourse: A Case Study of Lions Bred for Their Bones

Animals, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 52 - 52

Published: Feb. 8, 2019

Conservation and natural resource management are increasingly attending the ethical elements of public decisions. Ethical considerations challenging, in part, because they typically require accounting for moral consideration various human nonhuman forms life, whose interests sometimes conflict (or seem to conflict). A valuable tool such evaluations is formal analysis arguments. An argument a collection premises, logically interrelated, yield conclusion that can be expressed form, "We ought to…" According rules logic, supported by an if all its premises true or appropriate when it contains no mistaken inferences. We showed how arguments used engage stakeholders decision-makers decision-making processes. summarised method with ten specific guidelines would applicable any case. illustrated technique using case study focused on captive-bred lions, skeletons which form part international trade supply traditional medicine markets Southeast Asia felid bones. As matter policy, practice complicated nexus concerns entrepreneurial freedom, wildlife conservation, fair treatment animals.

Language: Английский

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Live wild animal exports to supply the exotic pet trade: A case study from Togo using publicly available social media data

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(7)

Published: April 23, 2021

Abstract Exotic pet supply is a key, predominantly legal, component of global wildlife trade, but few studies have quantified its diversity or reach. Here, using information extracted from the public (open) Facebook accounts two exporters in Togo, West Africa, we identified at least 200 species, reptiles, also mammals, birds, amphibians and invertebrates, advertised as available for sale export, between years 2016 2020. Of animals identified, several hundred, possibly thousand, individuals were shipped, monthly, to North America, Europe, Asia, elsewhere via number major airlines. Among vertebrates observed, approximately one‐third had not yet been evaluated on IUCN Red list, three quarters CITES‐listed (i.e., their trade was regulated under this international treaty). The apparent lack adequate monitoring population status, disease, biological invasion, animal welfare risks associated with well neglected taxa (e.g., invertebrates), has potential implications environmental, public, health. findings case study suggest that systematic review social media activity could efficiently reveal significant insights into otherwise undocumented exotic pets, directing legislators aspects areas where regulation insufficient, informing national policy change.

Language: Английский

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