Born captive: A survey of the lion breeding, keeping and hunting industries in South Africa

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. e0217409 - e0217409

Published: May 28, 2019

Commercial captive breeding and trade in body parts of threatened wild carnivores is an issue significant concern to conservation scientists policy-makers. Following a 2016 decision by Parties the Convention on International Trade Endangered Species Wild Fauna Flora, South Africa must establish annual export quota for lion skeletons from sources, such that threats lions are mitigated. As input quota-setting process, Africa's Scientific Authority initiated interdisciplinary collaborative research industry its potential links conservation. A National Captive Lion Survey was conducted as one inputs this research; survey launched August 2017 completed May 2018. The structured semi-quantitative questionnaire elicited 117 usable responses, representing substantial proportion industry. results clearly illustrate impact USA suspension trophy imports captive-bred African lions, which affected 82% respondents economically destabilised Respondents adapting various ways, with many euthanizing becoming increasingly reliant income skeleton sales. With rising consumer demand parts, notably skulls, presents further challenge industry, regulators conservationists alike, 52% indicating they would adapt seeking 'alternative markets' bones if allocation restricted their business. Recognizing policy toward large represents 'wicked problem', we anticipate these will inform future deliberations, nonetheless also be informed challenging inclusive engagements all relevant stakeholders.

Language: Английский

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The value of argument analysis for understanding ethical considerations pertaining to trophy hunting and lion conservation

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 235, P. 260 - 272

Published: May 20, 2019

Language: Английский

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Reduce or redirect? Which social marketing interventions could influence demand for traditional medicines?

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 242, P. 108391 - 108391

Published: Jan. 20, 2020

Language: Английский

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Commercially-driven lion part removal: What is the evidence from mortality records?

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 24, P. e01327 - e01327

Published: Oct. 13, 2020

Trade-driven killing for body parts has long been a major cause of population decline number big cat species. There are now worrying suggestions that commercialised illegal trade in might become threat wild lions Africa, and recent concerns have raised captive-bred lion skeletons from South Africa may stimulated demand bones, claws, teeth thus incentivised commercially-driven, targeted poaching trade. However, analysis the prevalence is currently lacking most populations. In this study we make use detailed, long-term records mortality part removal field sites two Africa's strongholds, Hwange National Park surrounds, Zimbabwe, within Kavango Zambezi (KAZA) Transfrontier Conservation Area Ruaha landscape Tanzania, to evaluate potential cases commercially-driven killings. We find no evidence systemic commercial at either site suggest majority removals opportunistic culturally-driven. Nevertheless, stress requirement vigilance around issue support development further range-wide capacity record data.

Language: Английский

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An updated analysis of the consumption of tiger products in urban Vietnam

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22, P. e00960 - e00960

Published: Feb. 10, 2020

Tigers are indisputably in danger of extinction due to habitat loss and demand for their parts. extirpated the wild from every country bar one mainland East Southeast Asia. Although consumption tiger products is known be established China, less about In this study, we investigate product Vietnam, a major illegal wildlife consumer country. There has been little research into consumption, particular level use, being consumed, variation use between areas, motivations consuming products. Through quantitative survey 1120 individuals, show that could as high ~11% sample both urban centers Hanoi Ho Chi Minh City. Tiger bone glue predominant used, medicinal purposes. Hanoi, it generally purchased by individual self-use, while City gift. cities, individuals were highly satisfied with product, indicating entrenched belief efficacy among consumers. Ultimately, our results relatively pervasive. We suggest conservation organizations should focus on behavior change campaigns informed here, specific each area medicine. By reducing demand, beleaguered populations will have greater chance stabilization eventual growth.

Language: Английский

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Reflecting on the role of human‐felid conflict and local use in big cat trade

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Illegal trade in big cat ( Panthera spp.) body parts is a prominent topic scientific and public discourses concerning wildlife conservation. While illegal generally acknowledged as threat to species, we suggest that two enabling factors have, date, been under‐considered. To end, discuss the roles of human‐felid conflict , “ local ” use parts. Drawing examples from across species regions, look at generalities, contextual subtleties, ambiguities, definitional complexities. We caution against underestimating extent “local” cats highlight potential killings supply

Language: Английский

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Preferences for lion and tiger bone wines amongst the urban public in China and Vietnam

Journal for Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 57, P. 125874 - 125874

Published: July 25, 2020

A controversial, multifaceted debate surrounds the trade in commercially captive-bred (farmed) lion skeletons. prominent topic relates to relative preferences for tiger and bone Asian consumer countries. To contribute preliminary information on this subject we conducted first quantitative study assess of urban public China Vietnam versus wild farmed wine products. Using an online questionnaire ranked respondents' stated preference tiger, lion, bone, tested effect demographic attitudinal variables product preferences. Our findings indicate that both is greatly preferred over wine, respondents showed high levels fidelity their choice or designation across species. We emphasise real-world complexity interactions highlight opportunities further in-depth study.

Language: Английский

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Ethics in biodiversity conservation: The meaning and importance of pluralism

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 275, P. 109759 - 109759

Published: Oct. 10, 2022

Addressing the global extent of current biodiversity crisis requires engaging with existence multiple equally legitimate values, but also diverse ethical perspectives underpinning conceptions right and wrong actions. However, western monist positions have mostly explicitly or implicitly directed conservation strategies by defining space arguments, overlooking solutions that do not fit neatly chosen approaches. As ignoring leads to injustices reduces potential conserving biodiversity, there is a need recognise navigate landscape. Ethical pluralism may provide opportunities so. underpinnings been fully considered in conservation. In this article, we elaborate meaning, importance limits while highlighting challenges position entail science practice. We argue allows recognising only incommensurable plural moral conflicts should embrace intra inter-cultural criticism legitimacy agonism dissent, as opposed monistic relativistic conclude discussing how grounding environmental justice pragmatism contribute navigating landscape Particularly, highlight to: i) promote (non-anthropocentrically understood) recognition and, ii) move beyond theoretical debates seeking single best theory focus on diversity common source possible solutions.

Language: Английский

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Chains of Commerce: A Comprehensive Review of Animal Welfare Impacts in the International Wildlife Trade

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 971 - 971

Published: March 27, 2025

The commercial wildlife trade involves billions of animals each year, consumed for various purposes, including food, fashion, entertainment, traditional medicine, and pets. experiences the involved vary widely, with negative welfare states being commonplace. To highlight broad scope animal impacts across trade, we present ten case studies featuring a range species traded globally different purposes: (1) Ball pythons captured farmed to serve as pets; (2) Zebrafish captive bred (3) African Grey Parrots taken from wild pet industry; (4) Sharks de-finned medicine; (5) Pangolins hunted (6) Crickets food feed; (7) Frogs wild-caught frog-leg trade; (8) Crocodilians killed their skins; (9) Lions tourism; (10) Elephants held tourism. demonstrate that commercially can suffer ranging chronic stress depression frustration extreme hunger. individuals hundreds billions, suffering last lifetime. Given issues identified growing recognition scientific evidence sentience, propose reducing redirecting consumer demand these consumptive practices negatively impact animals.

Language: Английский

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Consequences Matter: Compassion in Conservation Means Caring for Individuals, Populations and Species

Animals, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(12), P. 1115 - 1115

Published: Dec. 11, 2019

Human activity affecting the welfare of wild vertebrates, widely accepted to be sentient, and therefore deserving moral concern, is widespread. A variety motives lead killing individual animals. These include provide food, protect stock other human interests, also for sport. The acceptability such believed vary with motive method. Individual vertebrates are killed by conservationists. Whether securing conservation goals an adequate reason has recently been challenged. Conventional practice tended prioritise ecological collectives, as populations species, when their interests conflict those individuals. Supporters 'Compassionate Conservation' movement argue both that conservationists have neglected animal conflicts arise no justified. We counter increasingly seek adhere high standards welfare, extreme position advocated some supporters Conservation', rooted in virtue ethics, would, if accepted, considerable negative effects conservation. Conservation cannot afford neglect consequences. Moreover, do-no-harm maxim does not always better outcomes welfare.

Language: Английский

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