Durability of carbon dioxide removal is critical for Paris climate goals DOI Creative Commons
Cyril Brunner, Zeke Hausfather, Reto Knutti

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

Abstract Carbon Dioxide Removal is essential for achieving net zero emissions, as it required to neutralize any residual CO 2 emissions. The scientifically recognized definition of requires removed atmospheric be stored “durably”; however, remains unclear what meant by durably, and interpretations have varied from decades millennia. Using a reduced-complexity climate model, here we examined the effect with varying storage durations. We found that duration substantially affects whether emissions achieve desired temperature outcomes. With typical 100-year duration, 6 GtCO per year result in an additional warming 0.8 °C 2500 compared permanent storage, thus putting internationally agreed limits at risk. Our findings suggest period less than 1000 years insufficient neutralizing remaining fossil under These results reinforce principle credible neutralization claims using framework require balancing removals similar residence time reservoir, e.g., geological or biogenic.

Language: Английский

Uncertainties in mitigating aviation non-CO2 emissions for climate and air quality using hydrocarbon fuels DOI Creative Commons
David S. Lee, Myles Allen, N. A. Cumpsty

et al.

Environmental Science Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(12), P. 1693 - 1740

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The effects of aviation's non-CO 2 emissions on climate and air quality are complex relatively poorly understood. Mitigation measures need to be very carefully considered so that perverse outcomes do not result.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Can ‘Net Zero’ still be an instrument of climate justice? DOI Creative Commons
Radhika Khosla,

Javier Lezaun,

Alexis McGivern

et al.

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 061001 - 061001

Published: April 28, 2023

Abstract

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Ten new insights in climate science 2023 DOI Creative Commons
Mercedes Bustamante, Joyashree Roy, Daniel Ospina

et al.

Global Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Non-technical summary We identify a set of essential recent advances in climate change research with high policy relevance, across natural and social sciences: (1) looming inevitability implications overshooting the 1.5°C warming limit, (2) urgent need for rapid managed fossil fuel phase-out, (3) challenges scaling carbon dioxide removal, (4) uncertainties regarding future contribution sinks, (5) intertwinedness crises biodiversity loss change, (6) compound events, (7) mountain glacier loss, (8) human immobility face risks, (9) adaptation justice, (10) just transitions food systems. Technical The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Reports provides scientific foundation international negotiations constitutes an unmatched resource researchers. However, assessment cycles take multiple years. As to cross- interdisciplinary understanding diverse communities, we have streamlined annual process synthesize significant advances. collected input from experts various fields using online questionnaire prioritized 10 key insights relevance. This year, focus on: overshoot urgency scale-up joint governance accelerated amidst present succinct account these insights, reflect their implications, offer integrated policy-relevant messages. science synthesis communication effort is also basis report contributing elevate every year time United Nations Conference. Social media highlight – more than 200 experts.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Residual emissions in long-term national climate strategies show limited climate ambition DOI Creative Commons
Harry Smith, Naomi E. Vaughan, Johanna Forster

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(5), P. 867 - 884

Published: May 1, 2024

Net-zero targets imply a need to compensate for residual emissions through the deployment of carbon dioxide removal methods. Yet extent within national climate plans, alongside their distribution, is largely unexplored. Here, we analyze 71 long-term strategies understand how governments engage with emissions. Screening 139 scenarios, determined that only 26 quantify Residual are on average 21% peak Annex I countries, ranging from 5% 52% (excluding land use). For non-Annex 34%. By sector, agriculture represents largest contributor total (on average, 36% countries and 35% countries). High-residual-emission scenarios show some may retain or expand fossil fuel production use, using more international offsets achieve net zero.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Durability of carbon dioxide removal is critical for Paris climate goals DOI Creative Commons
Cyril Brunner, Zeke Hausfather, Reto Knutti

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

Abstract Carbon Dioxide Removal is essential for achieving net zero emissions, as it required to neutralize any residual CO 2 emissions. The scientifically recognized definition of requires removed atmospheric be stored “durably”; however, remains unclear what meant by durably, and interpretations have varied from decades millennia. Using a reduced-complexity climate model, here we examined the effect with varying storage durations. We found that duration substantially affects whether emissions achieve desired temperature outcomes. With typical 100-year duration, 6 GtCO per year result in an additional warming 0.8 °C 2500 compared permanent storage, thus putting internationally agreed limits at risk. Our findings suggest period less than 1000 years insufficient neutralizing remaining fossil under These results reinforce principle credible neutralization claims using framework require balancing removals similar residence time reservoir, e.g., geological or biogenic.

Language: Английский

Citations

7