Striosomes
were
discovered
several
decades
ago
as
neurochemically
identified
zones
in
the
striatum,
yet
technical
hurdles
have
hampered
study
of
functions
these
striatal
compartments.
Here
we
used
2-photon
calcium
imaging
neuronal
birthdate-labeled
Mash1-CreER;Ai14
mice
to
image
simultaneously
activity
striosomal
and
matrix
neurons
performed
an
auditory
conditioning
task.
With
this
method,
circumscribed
tdTomato-labeled
neuropil
that
correspond
striosomes
verified
immunohistochemically.
Neurons
both
responded
reward-predicting
cues
active
during
or
after
consummatory
licking.
However,
found
quantitative
differences
response
strength:
fired
more
encoded
information
about
expected
outcome
learned
task,
whereas
strongly
modulated
by
recent
reward
history.
These
findings
open
possibility
harnessing
vivo
determine
contributions
circuit
function.
Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 1126 - 1137
Published: July 1, 2016
The
striatum
contributes
to
many
cognitive
processes
and
disorders,
but
its
cell
types
are
incompletely
characterized.
We
show
that
microfluidic
FACS-based
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
of
mouse
provides
a
well-resolved
classification
striatal
type
diversity.
Transcriptome
analysis
revealed
ten
differentiated,
distinct
types,
including
neurons,
astrocytes,
oligodendrocytes,
ependymal,
immune,
vascular
cells,
enabled
the
discovery
numerous
marker
genes.
Furthermore,
we
identified
two
discrete
subtypes
medium
spiny
neurons
(MSNs)
have
specific
markers
overexpress
genes
linked
disorders
addiction.
also
describe
continuous
cellular
identities,
which
increase
heterogeneity
within
types.
Finally,
type-specific
transcription
splicing
factors
shape
identities
by
regulating
expression
patterns.
Our
findings
suggest
functional
diversity
complex
tissue
arises
from
small
number
can
exist
in
spectrum
states.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
22(16), P. 8363 - 8363
Published: Aug. 4, 2021
Huntington’s
disease
(HD)
is
a
neurodegenerative
disorder
caused
by
CAG
expansion
in
the
HD
gene.
The
characterized
neurodegeneration,
particularly
striatum
and
cortex.
first
symptoms
usually
appear
mid-life
include
cognitive
deficits
motor
disturbances
that
progress
over
time.
Despite
being
genetic
with
known
cause,
several
mechanisms
are
thought
to
contribute
neurodegeneration
HD,
numerous
pre-clinical
clinical
studies
have
been
conducted
currently
underway
test
efficacy
of
therapeutic
approaches
targeting
some
these
varying
degrees
success.
Although
current
trials
may
lead
identification
or
refinement
treatments
likely
improve
quality
life
those
living
major
efforts
continue
be
invested
at
level,
testing
novel
show
promise
as
disease-modifying
strategies.
This
review
offers
detailed
overview
approved
treatment
options
for
this
concludes
discussing
potential
shown
studies,
including
increasing
neurotropic
support,
modulating
autophagy,
epigenetic
manipulations,
use
nanocarriers
stem
cells.