The Microbe, the Infection Enigma, and the Host DOI
Jean‐Laurent Casanova, Laurent Abel

Annual Review of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78(1), P. 103 - 124

Published: July 10, 2024

Human infectious diseases are unique in that the discovery of their environmental trigger, microbe, was sufficient to drive development extraordinarily effective principles and tools for prevention or cure. This medical prowess has outpaced, perhaps even hindered, scientific progress equal magnitude biological understanding diseases. Indeed, hope kindled by germ theory disease rapidly subdued infection enigma, need a host solution, when it realized most individuals infected with agents continue do well. The root causes death unhappy few remained unclear. While canonical approaches vitro (cellular microbiology), vivo (animal models), natura (clinical studies) analyzed consequences considered be cause disease, cells, tissues, organisms seen as uniform host, alternative searched preexisting particularly human genetic immunological determinants populations diverse trigger microbe.

Language: Английский

Human T-bet Governs Innate and Innate-like Adaptive IFN-γ Immunity against Mycobacteria DOI Creative Commons
Rui Yang, Federico Mele,

Lisa Worley

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 183(7), P. 1826 - 1847.e31

Published: Dec. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

107
Mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19 by worldwide meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Andrea Ganna

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2021

ABSTRACT The genetic makeup of an individual contributes to susceptibility and response viral infection. While environmental, clinical social factors play a role in exposure SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 disease severity, host genetics may also be important. Identifying host-specific indicate biological mechanisms therapeutic relevance clarify causal relationships modifiable environmental risk for infection outcomes. We formed global network researchers investigate the human SARS-COV-2 severity. describe results three genome-wide association meta-analyses comprising up 49,562 patients from 46 studies across 19 countries worldwide. reported 13 significant loci that are associated with or severe manifestations COVID-19. Several these correspond previously documented associations lung autoimmune inflammatory diseases. They represent potentially actionable further identified smoking body mass index as identification novel COVID-19, unprecedented speed, was enabled by prioritization shared resources analytical frameworks. This working model international collaboration provides blue-print future discoveries event pandemics any complex disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

105
A global effort to dissect the human genetic basis of resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI Creative Commons
Evangelos Andreakos, Laurent Abel, Donald C. Vinh

et al.

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 159 - 164

Published: Oct. 18, 2021

SARS-CoV-2 infections display tremendous interindividual variability, ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening disease. Inborn errors of, and autoantibodies directed against, type I interferons (IFNs) account for about 20% of critical COVID-19 cases among SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. By contrast, the genetic immunological determinants resistance infection per se remain unknown. Following discovery that autosomal recessive deficiency in DARC chemokine receptor confers Plasmodium vivax, deficiencies 5 (CCR5) enzyme FUT2 were shown underlie HIV-1 noroviruses, respectively. Along same lines, we propose a strategy identifying, recruiting, genetically analyzing individuals who are naturally resistant infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

57
Inborn errors of immunity: an expanding universe of disease and genetic architecture DOI
Yemsratch T. Akalu, Dusan Bogunovic

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 184 - 195

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

25
The Microbe, the Infection Enigma, and the Host DOI
Jean‐Laurent Casanova, Laurent Abel

Annual Review of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78(1), P. 103 - 124

Published: July 10, 2024

Human infectious diseases are unique in that the discovery of their environmental trigger, microbe, was sufficient to drive development extraordinarily effective principles and tools for prevention or cure. This medical prowess has outpaced, perhaps even hindered, scientific progress equal magnitude biological understanding diseases. Indeed, hope kindled by germ theory disease rapidly subdued infection enigma, need a host solution, when it realized most individuals infected with agents continue do well. The root causes death unhappy few remained unclear. While canonical approaches vitro (cellular microbiology), vivo (animal models), natura (clinical studies) analyzed consequences considered be cause disease, cells, tissues, organisms seen as uniform host, alternative searched preexisting particularly human genetic immunological determinants populations diverse trigger microbe.

Language: Английский

Citations

10