Annual Review of Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
78(1), P. 103 - 124
Published: July 10, 2024
Human
infectious
diseases
are
unique
in
that
the
discovery
of
their
environmental
trigger,
microbe,
was
sufficient
to
drive
development
extraordinarily
effective
principles
and
tools
for
prevention
or
cure.
This
medical
prowess
has
outpaced,
perhaps
even
hindered,
scientific
progress
equal
magnitude
biological
understanding
diseases.
Indeed,
hope
kindled
by
germ
theory
disease
rapidly
subdued
infection
enigma,
need
a
host
solution,
when
it
realized
most
individuals
infected
with
agents
continue
do
well.
The
root
causes
death
unhappy
few
remained
unclear.
While
canonical
approaches
vitro
(cellular
microbiology),
vivo
(animal
models),
natura
(clinical
studies)
analyzed
consequences
considered
be
cause
disease,
cells,
tissues,
organisms
seen
as
uniform
host,
alternative
searched
preexisting
particularly
human
genetic
immunological
determinants
populations
diverse
trigger
microbe.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 12, 2021
ABSTRACT
The
genetic
makeup
of
an
individual
contributes
to
susceptibility
and
response
viral
infection.
While
environmental,
clinical
social
factors
play
a
role
in
exposure
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
disease
severity,
host
genetics
may
also
be
important.
Identifying
host-specific
indicate
biological
mechanisms
therapeutic
relevance
clarify
causal
relationships
modifiable
environmental
risk
for
infection
outcomes.
We
formed
global
network
researchers
investigate
the
human
SARS-COV-2
severity.
describe
results
three
genome-wide
association
meta-analyses
comprising
up
49,562
patients
from
46
studies
across
19
countries
worldwide.
reported
13
significant
loci
that
are
associated
with
or
severe
manifestations
COVID-19.
Several
these
correspond
previously
documented
associations
lung
autoimmune
inflammatory
diseases.
They
represent
potentially
actionable
further
identified
smoking
body
mass
index
as
identification
novel
COVID-19,
unprecedented
speed,
was
enabled
by
prioritization
shared
resources
analytical
frameworks.
This
working
model
international
collaboration
provides
blue-print
future
discoveries
event
pandemics
any
complex
disease.
Nature Immunology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
23(2), P. 159 - 164
Published: Oct. 18, 2021
SARS-CoV-2
infections
display
tremendous
interindividual
variability,
ranging
from
asymptomatic
to
life-threatening
disease.
Inborn
errors
of,
and
autoantibodies
directed
against,
type
I
interferons
(IFNs)
account
for
about
20%
of
critical
COVID-19
cases
among
SARS-CoV-2-infected
individuals.
By
contrast,
the
genetic
immunological
determinants
resistance
infection
per
se
remain
unknown.
Following
discovery
that
autosomal
recessive
deficiency
in
DARC
chemokine
receptor
confers
Plasmodium
vivax,
deficiencies
5
(CCR5)
enzyme
FUT2
were
shown
underlie
HIV-1
noroviruses,
respectively.
Along
same
lines,
we
propose
a
strategy
identifying,
recruiting,
genetically
analyzing
individuals
who
are
naturally
resistant
infection.
Annual Review of Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
78(1), P. 103 - 124
Published: July 10, 2024
Human
infectious
diseases
are
unique
in
that
the
discovery
of
their
environmental
trigger,
microbe,
was
sufficient
to
drive
development
extraordinarily
effective
principles
and
tools
for
prevention
or
cure.
This
medical
prowess
has
outpaced,
perhaps
even
hindered,
scientific
progress
equal
magnitude
biological
understanding
diseases.
Indeed,
hope
kindled
by
germ
theory
disease
rapidly
subdued
infection
enigma,
need
a
host
solution,
when
it
realized
most
individuals
infected
with
agents
continue
do
well.
The
root
causes
death
unhappy
few
remained
unclear.
While
canonical
approaches
vitro
(cellular
microbiology),
vivo
(animal
models),
natura
(clinical
studies)
analyzed
consequences
considered
be
cause
disease,
cells,
tissues,
organisms
seen
as
uniform
host,
alternative
searched
preexisting
particularly
human
genetic
immunological
determinants
populations
diverse
trigger
microbe.