Involvement of a battery of investigated genes in lipid droplet pathophysiology and associated comorbidities DOI Creative Commons

Sami N. Al Harake,

Yasamin Abedin,

Fatema Hatoum

et al.

Adipocyte, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Lipid droplets (LDs) are highly specialized energy storage organelles involved in the maintenance of lipid homoeostasis by regulating flux within white adipose tissue (WAT). The physiological function adipocytes and LDs can be compromised mutations several genes, leading to NEFA-induced lipotoxicity, which ultimately manifests as metabolic complications, predominantly form dyslipidemia, ectopic fat accumulation, insulin resistance. In this review, we delineate effects deficiencies genes -

Language: Английский

Hepatic glucose metabolism in the steatotic liver DOI
Egeria Scoditti, Silvia Sabatini, Fabrizia Carli

et al.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(5), P. 319 - 334

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

36
Cardiometabolic characteristics of people with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity DOI Creative Commons
Max C. Petersen, Gordon I. Smith, Hector H. Palacios

et al.

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(4), P. 745 - 761.e5

Published: April 1, 2024

There is considerable heterogeneity in the cardiometabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. We evaluated multi-organ system metabolic function 20 adults metabolically healthy obesity (MHO; normal fasting glucose and triglycerides, oral tolerance, intrahepatic triglyceride content, whole-body insulin sensitivity), unhealthy (MUO; prediabetes, hepatic steatosis, resistance), 15 who were lean. Compared MUO, people MHO had (1) altered skeletal muscle biology (decreased ceramide content increased expression of genes involved BCAA catabolism mitochondrial structure/function); (2) adipose tissue inflammation extracellular matrix remodeling lipogenesis); (3) lower 24-h plasma glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids, triglycerides; (4) higher adiponectin PAI-1 concentrations; (5) decreased oxidative stress. These findings provide a framework potential mechanisms responsible for This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02706262).

Language: Английский

Citations

34
Hepatic insulin receptor: new views on the mechanisms of liver disease DOI Creative Commons
Wang‐Hsin Lee, Sonia M. Najjar, C. Ronald Kahn

et al.

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 155607 - 155607

Published: June 2, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Regulation of Macronutrients in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Homeostasis during Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus DOI Open Access
Wanbao Yang, Wen Jiang, Shaodong Guo

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(21), P. 4671 - 4671

Published: Nov. 4, 2023

Insulin resistance is an important feature of metabolic syndrome and a precursor type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overnutrition-induced obesity major risk factor for the development insulin T2DM. The intake macronutrients plays key role in maintaining energy balance. components distinctly regulate sensitivity glucose homeostasis. Precisely adjusting beneficial food compound prevention Here, we reviewed effects different on their underlying mechanisms, including fructose, dietary fiber, saturated unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids. Understanding diet-gene interaction will help us to better uncover molecular mechanisms T2DM promote application precision nutrition practice by integrating multi-omics analysis.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Optimizing proinsulin production in E. coli BL21 (DE3) using taguchi method and efficient one-step insulin purification by on-column enzymatic cleavage DOI
Shahin Hadadian, Mina Sepahi,

Samin Sedighi

et al.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A Descriptive Review of the Action Mechanisms of Berberine, Quercetin and Silymarin on Insulin Resistance/Hyperinsulinemia and Cardiovascular Prevention DOI Creative Commons
Paolo Bellavite, Sergio Fazio,

Flora Affuso

et al.

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(11), P. 4491 - 4491

Published: June 1, 2023

Insulin resistance (IR) and the associated hyperinsulinemia are early pathophysiological changes which, if not well treated, can lead to type 2 diabetes, endothelial dysfunction cardiovascular disease. While diabetes care is fairly standardized, prevention treatment of IR lacks a single pharmaceutical approach many lifestyle dietary interventions have been proposed, including wide range food supplements. Among most interesting well-known natural remedies, alkaloid berberine flavonol quercetin particular relevance in literature, while silymarin—the active principle Silybum marianum thistle—was traditionally used for lipid metabolism disorders sustain liver function. This review describes major defects insulin signaling leading main properties three mentioned substances, their molecular targets synergistic action mechanisms. The actions berberine, silymarin partially superimposable as remedies against reactive oxygen intermediates generated by high-lipid diet NADPH oxidase, which triggered phagocyte activation. Furthermore, these compounds inhibit secretion battery pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulate intestinal microbiota especially able control various receptor post-receptor systems. Although evidence on effects modulating preventing disease derive from experimental studies animals, amount pre-clinical knowledge strongly suggests need investigate therapeutic potential substances human pathology.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Unveiling the role of ferroptosis in the progression from NAFLD to NASH: recent advances in mechanistic understanding DOI Creative Commons

Qian Yu,

Lixing Song

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 4, 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent and significant global public health issue. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents an advanced stage of NAFLD in terms pathology. However, the intricate mechanisms underlying progression from to NASH remain elusive. Ferroptosis, characterized by iron-dependent cell death distinguished other forms based on morphological, biochemical, genetic criteria, has emerged as potential participant with pivotal role driving progression. Nevertheless, its precise mechanism remains poorly elucidated. In this review article, we comprehensively summarize pathogenesis NAFLD/NASH ferroptosis while highlighting recent advances understanding mechanistic involvement NAFLD/NASH.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Recent advancements on novel approaches of insulin delivery DOI Creative Commons
Sandip Karmakar, Manas Bhowmik,

Bibek Laha

et al.

Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 100253 - 100253

Published: July 15, 2023

A large number of populations are living with diabetes, which is the most common endocrine disorder classified into Type-I and Type-II diabetes. Diabetes one listed diseases specified in Section 3 Drug Magic Remedies Act, 1954, where advertisement drugs for certain has been prohibited. It can be managed or controlled proper diagnosis treatment by changing food habits. In addition to therapy oral hypoglycemic agents, patients also given subcutaneous insulin injections traditionally used diabetes therapy. This multi-dose injectable relatively low patient compliance. To avoid associated drawbacks this therapy, several other delivery techniques, including oral, buccal, rectal, transdermal pulmonary routes were investigated effective delivery. Several novel techniques along devices discussed review. The recent development products going through various phases clinical trials focused here. review enumerates how investigation, technology, developments research played a pivotal role near future alternative, safe, efficient

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Reduced Insulin Clearance Differently Relates to Increased Liver Lipid Content and Worse Glycemic Control in Recent-Onset Type 2 and Type 1 Diabetes DOI Open Access
Oana‐Patricia Zaharia, Sofia Antoniou,

Pavel Bobrov

et al.

Diabetes Care, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(12), P. 2232 - 2239

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Diabetes may feature impaired insulin kinetics, which could be aggravated by altered hepatic metabolism and glycemic control. Thus, we examined clearance its possible determinants in individuals with recent-onset diabetes.Participants of the German Study (GDS) type 1 diabetes (T1D) (n = 306), 2 (T2D) 489), or normal glucose tolerance (control [CON]) 167) underwent hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps for assessment whole-body sensitivity (M value) (ICCLAMP). Insulin rates were further calculated during intravenous tests (ICIVGTT) mixed-meal (ICMMT). Hepatocellular lipid content (HCL) was quantified 1H-MRS.Both T1D T2D groups had lower ICCLAMP (0.12 ± 0.07 0.21 0.06 vs. 0.28 0.14 arbitrary units [a.u.], respectively, all P < 0.05) ICMMT (0.71 0.35 0.99 0.33 1.20 0.36 a.u., than CON. In T1D, ICCLAMP, ICIVGTT, correlated negatively HbA1c (all 0.05). M value positively ICIVGTT CON (r 0.199 r 0.178, 0.176, HCL associated -0.005 -0.037) -0.127 -0.058, line, subjects steatosis featured those without (both 0.05).Insulin is reduced both within first year after diagnosis but correlates liver rather T2D. Moreover, differently associates control each type, suggest specific mechanisms affecting kinetics.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
In vivo techniques for assessment of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism DOI Creative Commons
Margaret Hahn, Adria Giacca, Sandra Pereira

et al.

Journal of Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 260(3)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Metabolic tests are vital to determine in vivo insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism preclinical models, usually rodents. Such include tolerance tests, clamps. Although these not standardized, there general guidelines for their completion analysis that constantly being refined. In this review, we describe metabolic rodents as well factors consider when designing performing tests.

Language: Английский

Citations

5