Modulation by neuropeptides with overlapping targets results in functional overlap in oscillatory circuit activation DOI Open Access
Elizabeth M. Cronin, Anna C. Schneider, Farzan Nadim

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 6, 2023

Abstract Neuromodulation lends flexibility to neural circuit operation but the general notion that different neuromodulators sculpt activity into distinct and characteristic patterns is complicated by interindividual variability. In addition, some converge onto same signaling pathways, with similar effects on neurons synapses. We compared of three neuropeptides rhythmic pyloric in crab Cancer borealis stomatogastric nervous system. Proctolin (PROC), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP), red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) all activate modulatory inward current, I MI , have convergent actions However, while PROC targets four neuron types core circuit, CCAP RPCH target subset only two neurons. After removal spontaneous neuromodulator release, none restored control cycle frequency, relative timing between types. Consequently, differences neuropeptide were mainly found spiking performed statistical comparisons using Euclidean distance multidimensional space normalized output attributes obtain a single measure difference states. Across preparations, was distinguishable from RPCH, not each other. we argue even other neuropeptides, population data overlapped enough prevent reliable identification individual as for specific neuropeptide. confirmed this showing blind classifications machine learning algorithms moderately successful. Significance Statement It commonly assumed behaviors or activities can be elicited neuromodulators. Yet it unknown what extent these remain across individuals. use well-studied model neuromodulation examine known produce pattern controlled studies. find that, when individuals, peptides elicit are either statistically indistinguishable show too much overlap labeled characteristic. ascribe variability overlapping subcellular modulators. Because both factors common circuits, findings broad significance understanding chemical neuromodulatory considering

Language: Английский

New insights from small rhythmic circuits DOI Creative Commons
Eve Marder, Sonal Kedia, Ekaterina Morozova

et al.

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 76, P. 102610 - 102610

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Small rhythmic circuits, such as those found in invertebrates, have provided fundamental insights into how circuit dynamics depend on individual neuronal and synaptic properties. Degenerate circuits are with different network parameters similar behavior. New work degenerate their modulation illustrates some of the rules that help maintain stable robust function despite environmental perturbations. Advances neuropeptide isolation identification provide enhanced understanding neuromodulation for The advent molecular studies mRNA expression provides new insight animal-to-animal variability homeostatic regulation excitability neurons networks.

Language: Английский

Citations

33
Inter-Animal Variability in Activity Phase Is Constrained by Synaptic Dynamics in an Oscillatory Network DOI Creative Commons
Haroon Anwar, Diana Martínez, Dirk Bucher

et al.

eNeuro, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. ENEURO.0027 - 22.2022

Published: July 1, 2022

Abstract The levels of voltage-gated and synaptic currents in the same neuron type can vary substantially across individuals. Yet, phase relationships between neurons oscillatory circuits are often maintained, even face varying oscillation frequencies. We examined whether intrinsic matched to maintain constant activity phases preparations, using lateral pyloric (LP) stomatogastric ganglion (STG) crab, Cancer borealis . LP produces stable bursts on release from inhibition, with an onset that is independent frequency. quantified parameters define shape current inputs preparations found no linear correlations currents. However, several were correlated period burst phase, suggesting they may play a role maintenance. used dynamic clamp apply artificial those ineffective influencing onset. Instead, showed least variability had greatest influence. Thus, influence circuit phasing constrained individuals, while have little effect simply co-vary

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Expanding our horizons: central pattern generation in the context of complex activity sequences DOI Open Access
Ari Berkowitz

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 222(20)

Published: Oct. 15, 2019

ABSTRACT Central pattern generators (CPGs) are central nervous system (CNS) networks that can generate coordinated output in the absence of patterned sensory input. For decades, this concept was applied almost exclusively to simple, innate, rhythmic movements with essentially identical cycles repeat continually (e.g. respiration) or episodically locomotion). But many natural movement sequences not simple rhythms, as they include different elements a complex order, and some involve learning. The concepts experimental approaches CPG research have also been neural control sequences, such birdsong, though is widely appreciated. Experimental investigation networks, both for rhythms activity shown that: (1) brief activation elicits long-lasting naturalistic sequence; (2) electrical stimulation alters timing subsequent sequence elements; (3) warming cooling respectively speeds up slows down rhythm rate. has populations mammalian cortical neurons. methods might further be variety fixed action patterns typically used courtship, rivalry, nest building prey capture. These could generated by CPGs within (‘nested’ CPGs). Stereotypical, non-motor, non-rhythmic neuronal may CPGs. My goal here highlight previous applications but stereotypical suggest additional possible applications, which provoke new hypotheses experiments.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Diversity-induced trivialization and resilience of neural dynamics DOI Open Access
Axel Hutt, Daniel Trotter, Aref Pariz

et al.

Chaos An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Heterogeneity is omnipresent across all living systems. Diversity enriches the dynamical repertoire of these systems but remains challenging to reconcile with their manifest robustness and persistence over time, a fundamental feature called resilience. To better understand mechanism underlying resilience in neural circuits, we considered nonlinear network model, extracting relationship between excitability heterogeneity measure resilience, quantified number stationary states this network, how they are affected by various control parameters. We analyzed both analytically numerically gradient non-gradient modeled as non-linear sparse networks evolving long time scales. Our analysis shows that neuronal quenches while decreasing susceptibility bifurcations: phenomenon known trivialization. was found implement homeostatic enhancing changes size connection probability quenching system’s dynamic volatility.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Dynamics and control of mixed bursting in nonlinear pre-Bötzinger complex systems DOI
Lixia Duan, Xueli Chen,

Lu-Yuan Xia

et al.

Nonlinear Dynamics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(10), P. 8539 - 8556

Published: March 28, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Positive Dynamical Networks in Neuronal Regulation: How Tunable Variability Coexists With Robustness DOI Creative Commons
Alessio Franci, Timothy O’Leary, Jorge Golowasch

et al.

IEEE Control Systems Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 946 - 951

Published: May 25, 2020

Neuronal systems exhibit highly stable and tunable behaviors in spite of huge variability at the molecular component level persistent physiological pathological perturbations. How is this robust flexibility achieved? Homeostatic integral control has been shown to be key reconciling with stability, but explanatory model used lacks basic robustness properties We suggest that positive regulatory networks may play a major role robustness. The idea we propose happens along dominant direction network. This slow generates strongly attractive, thus robust, subspace which almost perfect homeostatic regulation can achieved. Fluctuations relevant variables explain how big, positively-correlated variations biophysical parameters (as measured experiments) are compatible regulation, explaining flexibility. Because robustness, network subject slower tuning processes (like circadian rhythm), provides biologically plausible basis for regulation. relevance proposed control-theoretical approaches neurological diseases also discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
The Consistency of Gastropod Identified Neurons Distinguishes Intra-Individual Plasticity From Inter-Individual Variability in Neural Circuits DOI Creative Commons
Arianna N. Tamvacakis, Joshua L. Lillvis, Akira Sakurai

et al.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 3, 2022

Gastropod mollusks are known for their large, individually identifiable neurons, which amenable to long-term intracellular recordings that can be repeated from animal animal. The constancy of individual neurons help distinguish state-dependent or temporal variation within an actual variability between animals. Investigations into the circuitry underlying rhythmic swimming movements gastropod species, Tritonia exsulans and Pleurobranchaea californica have uncovered intra- inter-individual in synaptic connectivity serotonergic neuromodulation. has a reliably evoked escape swim behavior is produced by central pattern generator (CPG) composed small number neurons. There apparent some connections inconsequential production under normal conditions, but determines whether following neural lesion. Serotonergic neuromodulation strength intrinsic CPG creates circuit plasticity contributes reorganization network during recovery injury learning. In , over time modulatory actions serotonin expression receptor genes identified neuron directly reflects behavior. Tracking electrophysiology hours days was necessary identify functional consequences these intra-individual, time-dependent variations. This work demonstrates importance unambiguous identification, properly assessing states, tracking physiology same at different times across

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Mechanisms and implications of high depolarization baseline offsets in conductance-based neuronal models DOI Creative Commons
Anal Kumar, Anzal K. Shahul, Upinder S. Bhalla

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Abstract Somatic current-step injection is a routinely used protocol to characterize neurons and measure their electrophysiological properties. A signature feature of the responses many neuronal types an elevated baseline action potential firing from resting membrane potential, depolarization level offset (DBLO). We find that four key factors together account for high DBLO: Liquid Junction Potential correction, subthreshold impedance amplitude profile, fast potassium delayed rectifier kinetics, appropriate transient sodium current kinetics. show simple mechanisms DBLO, such as Ohmic due input, fail explain effect, sophisticated conductance-based models also do not correctly manifest DBLO. Neither low pass filtering effect nor reversal channels are able Using stochastic parameter search in CA1 pyramidal neurons, we explore cellular morphology configurations channel Multi-compartment which matched experimental profiles had higher DBLO than single compartment models. was further increased exhibited rapid deactivation time-constants dominant conductance. saw certain kinetics resulted others. emphasize correct expression important make quantitative predictions about levels ion neuron predict underlying function, role persistent imparting bistability neuron. Figure

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Neuromuscular Anatomy and Motor Patterns at the Base of Calling Behaviour in the Female Spongy Moth Lymantria dispar DOI Creative Commons

Paolo Solari,

Giorgia Sollai, Roberto Crnjar

et al.

Insects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 169 - 169

Published: March 1, 2024

“Calling behaviour” is a stereotyped rhythmic motor pattern displayed by female moths, which they emit the sex pheromone to attract of conspecific males. Calling occurs through squeezing mechanism based on turtleneck-like folding and unfolding ovipositor cuticle during its telescopic extensions retractions. This under control terminal abdominal ganglion (TAG). By combining anatomical electrophysiological approaches, here we studied morpho-functional organisation muscles activity motoneurons from TAG nerve N4-N6 as correlated movements calling in spongy moth Lymantria dispar. Our results show that three segments S7, S8 S9 (ovipositor) are highly specialized structures containing cuticular appendages, hinges, apodemes several large muscles, innervated N4 especially N5. N6 mainly innervates oviductal tract. We also identified number units N5, spike with calling. In conclusion, release pheromones obtained retractions operated coordinated program, sustained few nerves

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Differential Neuroanatomical, Neurochemical, and Behavioral Impacts of Early-Age Isolation in a Eusocial Insect DOI
Billie C. Goolsby,

E. Jordan Smith,

Isabella B. Muratore

et al.

Brain Behavior and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(3), P. 171 - 183

Published: June 10, 2024

Social experience early in life appears to be necessary for the development of species-typical behavior. Although isolation during critical periods maturation has been shown impact behavior by altering gene expression and brain invertebrates vertebrates, workers some ant species appear resilient social deprivation other neurobiological challenges that occur senescence or due loss sensory input. It is unclear if what degree neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, will show deficiencies adult worker ants compromised.

Language: Английский

Citations

1