Marmosets mutually compensate for differences in rhythms when coordinating vigilance

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. e1012104 - e1012104

Published: May 15, 2024

Synchronization is widespread in animals, and studies have often emphasized how this seemingly complex phenomenon can emerge from very simple rules. However, the amount of flexibility control that animals might over synchronization properties, such as strength coupling, remains underexplored. Here, we studied pairs marmoset monkeys coordinated vigilance while feeding. By modeling them coupled oscillators, noted (1) individual marmosets do not show perfect periodicity behaviors, (2) nevertheless, started to take turns being vigilant time, a case anti-phase synchrony, (3) could couple flexibly; coupling varied with every new joint feeding bout, (4) strength; dyads showed increased if they began more desynchronized state. Such require than interaction Minimally, must estimate current degree asynchrony adjust their behavior accordingly. Moreover, fact each inherently non-periodic adds cognitive demand. Overall, our study provides mathematical framework investigate demands involved coordinating behaviors regardless whether are rhythmic or not.

Language: Английский

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Coordinated rhythms in animal species, including humans: Entrainment from bushcricket chorusing to the philharmonic orchestra

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 105382 - 105382

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Coordinated group displays featuring precise entrainment of rhythmic behavior between neighbors occur not only in human music, dance and drill, but the acoustic or optical signaling a number species arthropods anurans. In this review we describe mechanisms phase resetting tempo adjustments that allow periodic output individuals to be aligned synchronized displays. These are well described some synchronizing arthropod species, which conspecific signals reset an individual's endogenous oscillators such way joint locked phase. Some these capable mutually adjusting both their signaling, thereby achieving what is called perfect synchrony, capacity otherwise found humans. We discuss disjoint phylogenetic distribution inter-individual context functions might perform various concerned, adaptive circumstances it evolve.

Language: Английский

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Common and distinct muscle synergies during level and slope locomotion in the cat

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 126(2), P. 493 - 515

Published: June 30, 2021

Although it is well established that the motor control system modular, organization of muscle synergies during locomotion and their change with ground slope are not completely understood. For example, typical reciprocal flexor-extensor level walking in cats break down downslope: one-joint hip extensors silent throughout stride cycle, whereas hindlimb flexors demonstrate an additional stance phase-related electromyogram (EMG) burst (Smith JL, Carlson-Kuhta P, Trank TV. J Neurophysiol 79: 1702-1716, 1998). Here, we investigated level, upslope (27°), downslope (-27°) adult to examine common distinct features modular locomotor EMG activity. Cluster analysis onset-offset times 12 muscles revealed five flexor extensor groups were generally shared across slopes. Stance-related bursts placed a group from formed by rectus femoris. Walking changed swing/stance phase durations but cycle duration. Five computed using non-negative matrix factorization accounted for at least 95% variance patterns each slope. between walking, only three those synergies; these active swing transitions. Two stance-related distinct; they comprised mixture extensors. We suggest activity results interactions motion-related sensory feedback, CPG, supraspinal inputs.NEW & NOTEWORTHY demonstrated atypical activities cat flexors, have many walking. Majority among slopes, modulated duration Thus, synergistic all slopes might result CPG receiving somatosensory inputs.

Language: Английский

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Holistic Motor Control of Zebra Finch Song Syllable Sequences

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 5, 2025

Abstract How brain circuits are organized to skillfully produce learned sequences of behaviors is still poorly understood. Here, we functionally examine how the ‘cortical’ song premotor region HVC, which necessary for zebra finch song, controls sequential production syllables. We find that HVC can generate complete sequence syllables independently its main synaptic input pathways. Thalamic permissive initiation but it not required transitions between or completing song. show excitation neurons during reliably causes vocalizations skip back beginning reminiscent a skipping record. This restarting syllable be induced at any moment in and depends on local within HVC. identify computationally model network including intratelencephalic corticostriatal essential sequences. Together, our results controlled by sequence-generating that, once started, sustain all independent major extrinsic Thus, neuronal activity fuse well-learned vocal-motor sequences, ultimately achieving holistic control this naturally behavior.

Language: Английский

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Effects of spinal transection and locomotor speed on muscle synergies of the cat hindlimb

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 5, 2025

Abstract It has been suggested that during locomotion, the nervous system controls movement by activating groups of muscles, or muscle synergies. Analysis synergies can reveal organization spinal locomotor networks and how it depends on state system, such as before after cord injury, different conditions, including a change in speed. The goal this study was to investigate effects transection speed hindlimb their time‐dependent activity patterns adult cats. EMG activities 15 muscles were recorded nine cats either sex tied‐belt treadmill locomotion at speeds 0.4, 0.7 1.0 m/s recovery from low thoracic transection. We determined burst using cluster analysis onset offset times non‐negative matrix factorization (NNMF). found five major each six experimental conditions (2 states × 3 speeds). In case, accounted for least 90% variance. Both modified subgroups composition activation selected However, these changes did not modify general Based obtained results, we propose an pattern formation network two‐level central generator be tested neuromechanical simulations circuits controlling cat locomotion. image Key points networks. locomoting level. all x speeds) include two flexor operating swing phase three extensor stance phase. Major features (the number, patterns) substantially affected speed, suggesting control mechanism operates proposed muscles.

Language: Английский

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Theoretical bases for the relation between excitability, variability and synchronization in sequential neural dynamics

Neurocomputing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 130218 - 130218

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Behavioral evidence for nested central pattern generator control of Drosophila grooming

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Dec. 22, 2021

Central pattern generators (CPGs) are neurons or neural circuits that produce periodic output without requiring patterned input. More complex behaviors can be assembled from simpler subroutines, and nested CPGs have been proposed to coordinate their repetitive elements, organizing control over different time scales. Here, we use behavioral experiments establish Drosophila grooming may controlled by CPGs. On a short scale (5–7 Hz, ~ 200 ms/movement), flies clean with leg sweeps rubs. surprisingly, transitions between bouts of head sweeping rubbing also on longer (0.3–0.6 ~2 s/bout). We examine at range temperatures show the frequencies both oscillations increase—a hallmark CPG control—and rhythms two scales increase same rate, indicating linked. This relationship holds when sensory drive is held constant using optogenetic activation, but decouple in spontaneously flies, showing alternative modes possible. Loss feedback does not disrupt periodicity slow down alternation. Nested simplify generation behaviors, identifying them presents an opportunity map constitute them.

Language: Английский

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Demonstration of chewing-related areas in the brain via functional magnetic resonance imaging

Polish Journal of Radiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 88, P. 65 - 74

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

To localize and identify chewing-related areas their connections with other centres in the human brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).The paradigm of present study was block designed. Spontaneous controlled chewing sugar-free gum used as main task a 3-Tesla fMRI unit 32-channel birdcage coil. Our popu-lation comprised 32 healthy volunteers. determine possible intersections, we also put rosary pulling (silent tell one's beads) movement protocol. The data analyses were performed Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) toolbox integrated into Matlab platform.The superomedial part right cerebellum activated during either beads or spontaneous chewing. This region, however, not We did find statistically significant activation connection related to stem.We have confirmed that plays an important role However, could definite central pattern generator (CPG) stem, which has been hypothesized underlie

Language: Английский

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Stable Synchronous Propagation of Signals by Feedforward Networks

SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 167 - 204

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

.We analyze the dynamics of networks in which a central pattern generator (CPG) transmits signals along one or more feedforward chains synchronous phase-synchronous manner. Such propagating are common biology, especially locomotion and peristalsis, interest for continuum robots. We construct such as lifts CPG. If CPG is periodic, so lifted dynamics. Synchrony with manifests standing wave, regular phase creates traveling wave. discuss Liapunov, asymptotic, Floquet stability periodic orbit introduce transverse versions these conditions that imply arbitrarily long chains. compare notions to simpler condition, synchrony subspace, equivalent when nodes 1 dimensional.KeywordsnetworksynchronystabilityfeedforwardpropagationneuronMSC codes05C2034A3434C1534C2534D0634D2037C2737C7537C8037N2592B2592C2092C42

Language: Английский

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State-dependent dynamics of cuttlefish mantle activity

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227(14)

Published: July 15, 2024

ABSTRACT Cuttlefish skin is a powerful rendering device, capable of producing extraordinary changes in visual appearance over broad range temporal scales. This unique ability typically associated with camouflage; however, cuttlefish often produce patterns that do not appear connected the surrounding environment, such as fast large-scale fluctuations wave-like characteristics. Little known about functional significance these dynamic patterns. In this study, we developed novel tools for analyzing pattern dynamics, and demonstrate their utility detecting feeding state occur without concomitant sensory stimulation. Under conditions, found properties specific components differ different states, despite no measurable change overall expression those components. Therefore, are detectable by conventional analyses focusing on expression, requiring analytical specifically targeted to dynamics.

Language: Английский

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