SARS-CoV-2 and Brain Health: New Challenges in the Era of the Pandemic

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 2511 - 2511

Published: Oct. 8, 2023

Respiratory viral infections have been found to a negative impact on neurological functions, potentially leading significant impairment. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has precipitated worldwide pandemic, posing substantial threat human lives. Growing evidence suggests that may severely affect the CNS and respiratory system. current prevalence of clinical issues associated with raised concerns. However, there needs be more comprehensive understanding specific pathways by which enters nervous Based available evidence, this review focuses manifestations possible mechanisms invades brain.

Language: Английский

---

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Olfactory Dysfunction in Individuals with COVID-19 in Brazil: A Study of 20,669 Cases from 2020 to 2021

Medical Principles and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 164 - 172

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of the study is to determine prevalence and factors associated with olfactory dysfunction in individuals COVID-19 first 2 years pandemic Brazil. <b><i>Materials Methods:</i></b> This a prevalent involving confirmed cases recorded municipality between 2020 2021. Individuals symptomatic for COVID-19, positive laboratory result aged 12 or older were included this study. Measures central tendency dispersion used description continuous variables frequency was categorical variables. Shapiro-Wilk test evaluate data distribution. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Data from 20,669 analyzed. disorders 17.9% increased 11.5% 21.9% A female gender predominance observed among who reported anosmia, 61.1% (<i>n</i> = 564) 61.7% 1,713) On other hand, median age lower than that group without (35 [IQR 27–46] vs. 39 29–50]; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Smell disturbances present 18.2% 3,634) patients recovered 7.1% 38) those died. Furthermore, 2021, rate 30.6% linked obesity as comorbidity. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> compared studies, cough fever being negatively related headache, coryza, taste positively related. Obesity only

Language: Английский

---

Long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with and without chemosensory disorders at disease onset: a psychophysical and magnetic resonance imaging exploratory study

Neurological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(6), P. 2409 - 2418

Published: March 5, 2024

Abstract A preserved sense of smell and taste allows us to understand many environmental “messages” results in meaningfully improvements quality life. With the COVID-19 pandemic, it became clear how important these senses are for social nutritional status catapulted this niche chemosensory research area towards widespread interest. In current exploratory work, we assessed two groups post-COVID-19 patients who reported having had (Group 1) or not 2) a smell/taste impairment at disease onset. The aim was compare them using validated tests as well with brain magnetic resonance imaging volumetric analysis. Normative data were used scores comparison pool healthy subjects, recruited before served controls scores. majority both showed an olfactory impairment, which more severe Group 1 (median UPSIT scores: 24.5 vs 31.0 2, p = 0.008), particularly among women ( 0.014). No significant differences emerged comparing between but dysgeusia only present patients. However, scores, difference found 0.005). MRI anatomical abnormalities any while analysis suggested right caudate nucleus 0.028), although retained following Benjamini–Hochberg correction. This study could add new information long-lasting address future investigations on patients’ research.

Language: Английский

---

SARS-CoV-2–Related Cranial Nerve-6 Palsy Should Not Be Confused With Orbital Myositis Affecting the Lateral Rectus Muscle: Response

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(4), P. e534 - e535

Published: March 8, 2024

Harvard Medical School (GB, EDG), Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology (EDG, LH), Boston Children's Hospital, School, Picower Institute Learning and Memory (EDG), Massachusetts Technology, Cambridge, (LH), Rady Hospital—San Diego; University California, San Diego, LA Jolla, California. Address correspondence to Lauren Hennein, MD, Ophthalmology, California 7910 Frost Street, Suite 200, CA 92123; E-mail: [email protected] Supported by NIH K08 EY030164 (E.D.G.) Hospital Foundation (E.D.G., L.H.). E. D. Gaier reports the following: Luminopia, Inc (advisor, patent, equity), Stoke Therapeutics, (consultant), Neurofieldz, Inc. (consultant). The remaining authors report no conflicts interest. L. Hennein contributed equally work.

Language: Английский

---

Neuropathological lesions in intravenous BCG-stimulated K18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2

Veterinary Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55(1)

Published: May 31, 2024

Abstract In the wake of COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, questions emerged about potential effects Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine on immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, including neurodegenerative diseases it may contribute to. To explore this, an experimental study was carried out in BCG-stimulated and non-stimulated k18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2. Viral loads tissues determined RT-qPCR, histopathology brain lungs, immunohistochemical (IHC) as well mortality rates, clinical signs plasma inflammatory coagulation biomarkers were assessed. Our results showed BCG-SARS-CoV-2 presented higher viral increased frequency neuroinvasion, greatest differences observed between groups at 3–4 days post-infection (dpi). Histopathological examination a severity lesions mice, mainly consisting neuroinflammation, glial cell population neuronal degeneration, from 5 dpi onwards. This group also interstitial pneumonia vascular thrombosis lungs (3–4 dpi), values for TNF-α D-dimer values, while iNOS dpi. Results this indicate that BCG stimulation could have intensified promoting virus neuroinvasion dissemination model. Although show hACE2 expression neurodissemination, suggests that, although benefits enhancing heterologous protection against pathogens tumour cells been broadly demonstrated, adverse outcomes due non-specific should be considered.

Language: Английский

---