Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: June 14, 2024
The
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
is
a
crucial
organelle
that
orchestrates
key
cellular
functions
like
protein
folding
and
lipid
biosynthesis.
However,
it
highly
sensitive
to
disturbances
lead
ER
stress.
In
response,
the
unfolded
response
(UPR)
activates
restore
homeostasis,
primarily
through
three
sensors:
IRE1,
ATF6,
PERK.
ERAD
autophagy
are
in
mitigating
stress,
yet
their
dysregulation
can
accumulation
of
misfolded
proteins.
Cisplatin,
commonly
used
chemotherapy
drug,
induces
stress
tumor
cells,
activating
complex
signaling
pathways.
Resistance
cisplatin
stems
from
reduced
drug
accumulation,
activation
DNA
repair,
anti-apoptotic
mechanisms.
Notably,
cisplatin-induced
dualistically
affect
promoting
either
survival
or
apoptosis,
depending
on
context.
for
degrading
proteins,
whereas
protect
cells
apoptosis
enhance
stress-induced
apoptosis.
interaction
between
resistance,
ERAD,
opens
new
avenues
cancer
treatment.
Understanding
these
processes
could
innovative
strategies
overcome
chemoresistance,
potentially
improving
outcomes
cisplatin-based
treatments.
This
comprehensive
review
provides
multifaceted
perspective
mechanisms
implications
therapy.
Diseases,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(1), P. 30 - 30
Published: Feb. 9, 2023
Proteins
are
central
to
life
functions.
Alterations
in
the
structure
of
proteins
reflected
their
function.
Misfolded
and
aggregates
present
a
significant
risk
cell.
Cells
have
diverse
but
integrated
network
protection
mechanisms.
Streams
misfolded
that
cells
continuously
exposed
must
be
continually
monitored
by
an
elaborated
molecular
chaperones
protein
degradation
factors
control
contain
misfolding
problems.
Aggregation
inhibition
properties
small
molecules
such
as
polyphenols
important
they
possess
other
beneficial
antioxidative,
anti-inflammatory,
pro-autophagic
help
neuroprotection.
A
candidate
with
desired
features
is
for
any
possible
treatment
development
aggregation
diseases.
There
need
study
phenomenon
so
we
can
treat
some
worst
kinds
human
ailments
related
aggregation.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
178, P. 117084 - 117084
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
The
accumulation
of
excess
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
can
lead
to
oxidative
stress
(OS),
which
induce
gene
mutations,
protein
denaturation,
and
lipid
peroxidation
directly
or
indirectly.
expression
is
reduced
ATP
level
in
cells,
increased
cytoplasmic
Ca
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: June 13, 2023
The
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
is
an
organelle
of
nucleated
cells
that
produces
proteins,
lipids
and
oligosaccharides.
ER
volume
activity
are
increased
upon
induction
unfolded
protein
responses
(UPR)
reduced
activation
ER-phagy
programs.
A
specialized
domain
the
ER,
nuclear
envelope
(NE),
protects
cell
genome
with
two
juxtaposed
lipid
bilayers,
inner
outer
membranes
(INM
ONM)
separated
by
perinuclear
space
(PNS).
Here
we
report
expansion
mammalian
homeostatic
perturbations
results
in
TMX4
reductase-driven
disassembly
LINC
complexes
connecting
INM
ONM
swelling.
physiologic
distance
between
restored,
resolution
stress,
asymmetric
autophagy
NE,
which
involves
LC3
lipidation
machinery,
receptor
SEC62
direct
capture
ONM-derived
vesicles
degradative
LAMP1/RAB7-positive
endolysosomes
a
catabolic
pathway
mechanistically
defined
as
micro-ONM-phagy.
Autophagy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 23
Published: Jan. 22, 2025
The
synthesis
of
membrane
and
secreted
proteins
is
safeguarded
by
an
endoplasmic
reticulum-associated
ribosome
quality
control
(ER-RQC)
that
promotes
the
disposal
defective
translation
products
proteasome
or
via
a
lysosome-dependent
pathway
involving
degradation
portions
ER
macroautophagy
(reticulophagy).
UFMylation
RPL26
on
ER-stalled
ribosomes
essential
for
activating
ER-RQC
reticulophagy.
Here,
we
report
viral
deubiquitinase
(vDUB)
encoded
in
N-terminal
domain
Epstein-Barr
virus
(EBV)
large
tegument
protein
BPLF1
hinders
stall
at
ER,
stabilization
substrates,
inhibits
vDUB
did
not
act
as
de-UFMylase
interfere
with
CYB5R3
UFL1
ligase.
Instead,
it
copurified
sucrose
gradients
abrogated
ZNF598-
LTN1-independent
ubiquitination
event
required
UFMylation.
Physiological
levels
impaired
productively
EBV-infected
cells,
pointing
to
important
role
enzyme
regulating
allows
efficient
production
infectious
virus.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 11, 2025
Gamma-aminobutyric
acid
type
A
receptors
(GABA
Rs)
are
the
major
inhibitory
neurotransmitter-gated
channel
in
mammalian
central
nervous
system.
GABA
Rs
function
as
heteropentamers,
typically
composed
of
two
α1,
β2,
and
one
γ2
subunits.
Protein
homeostasis
between
R
folding,
trafficking,
assembly,
degradation
is
critical
to
ensure
normal
physiological
functions.
Variants
genes
encoded
for
lead
numerous
neurological
disorders,
such
genetic
epilepsy
with
or
without
neurodevelopmental
delay.
While
these
variants
associated
severe
clinical
presentations
epilepsy,
molecular
mechanisms
driving
disease
remain
be
elucidated.
In
this
study,
we
focused
on
four
missense
epilepsy-associated
(EAVs)
GABRB2
gene:
Q209F210delinsH
(c.
627_629del),
R240T
719G>C),
I246T
737T>C),
I299S
896T>G).
HEK293T
cells
exogenously
expressing
β2
exhibited
significantly
reduced
GABA-induced
peak
chloride
current,
indicating
their
loss
function.
However,
EAVs
differed
degree
proteostasis
deficiencies,
including
increased
ER
retention,
compromised
decreased
protein
stability,
trafficking
surface
expression,
leading
most
degradation.
Collectively,
results
indicate
that
epilepsy-linked
have
debilitating
effects
early
biogenesis
subunit,
causing
misfolding,
aggregation,
rapid
before
it
can
assembled
other
subunits
transported
plasma
membrane.
Overall,
our
work
offers
crucial
mechanistic
insight
into
how
specific
impact
maintenance
Rs,
which
could
facilitate
development
effective
therapeutics
by
targeting
trafficking-deficient
variants.
FEBS Letters,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
597(15), P. 1928 - 1945
Published: June 1, 2023
Conserved
catabolic
pathways
operate
to
remove
aberrant
polypeptides
from
the
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER),
major
biosynthetic
organelle
of
eukaryotic
cells.
The
best
known
are
ER-associated
degradation
(ERAD)
that
control
retrotranslocation
terminally
misfolded
proteins
across
ER
membrane
for
clearance
by
cytoplasmic
ubiquitin/proteasome
system.
In
this
review,
we
catalog
folding-defective
mammalian,
yeast,
and
plant
fail
engage
ERAD
machineries.
We
describe
they
rather
segregate
in
subdomains
eventually
vesiculate.
These
ER-derived
vesicles
captured
double
autophagosomes,
engulfed
endolysosomes/vacuoles,
or
fused
with
degradative
organelles
clear
cells
their
toxic
cargo.
client-specific,
mechanistically
diverse
ER-phagy
grouped
under
umbrella
term
ER-to-lysosome-associated
description
essay.