Molecules,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
25(23), P. 5672 - 5672
Published: Dec. 1, 2020
In
nanoparticle
(NP)-mediated
drug
delivery,
liposomes
are
the
most
widely
used
carrier,
and
only
NP
system
currently
approved
by
FDA
for
clinical
use,
owing
to
their
advantageous
physicochemical
properties
excellent
biocompatibility.
Recent
advances
in
liposome
technology
have
been
focused
on
bioconjugation
strategies
improve
loading,
targeting,
overall
efficacy.
this
review,
we
highlight
recent
literature
reports
(covering
last
five
years)
enhancement
of
liposome-mediated
delivery.
These
encompass
improvement
loading/incorporation
specific
targeting
site
interest/drug
action.
We
conclude
with
a
section
highlighting
role
systems
being
evaluated
use
forward-looking
discussion
field
liposomal
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
117(19), P. 12133 - 12164
Published: Sept. 12, 2017
Safety
and
efficacy
constitute
the
major
criteria
governing
regulatory
approval
of
any
new
drug.
The
best
method
to
maximize
safety
is
deliver
a
proven
therapeutic
agent
with
targeting
ligand
that
exhibits
little
affinity
for
healthy
cells
but
high
pathologic
cells.
probability
can
conceivably
be
further
enhanced
by
exploiting
same
ligand,
conjugated
an
imaging
agent,
select
patients
whose
diseased
tissues
display
sufficient
targeted
receptors
efficacy.
focus
this
Review
summarize
must
met
during
design
ligand-targeted
drugs
(LTDs)
achieve
required
potency
minimal
toxicity.
Because
most
LTDs
are
composed
(e.g.,
organic
molecule,
aptamer,
protein
scaffold,
or
antibody),
spacer,
cleavable
linker,
warhead,
successful
each
component
will
described.
Moreover,
because
obstacles
drug
differ
among
human
pathologies,
limitations
delivery
imposed
unique
characteristics
different
diseases
considered.
With
explosion
genomic
transcriptomic
data
providing
ever-expanding
selection
disease-specific
targets,
tools
high-throughput
chemistry
offering
escalating
diversity
warheads,
opportunities
innovating
safe
effective
has
never
been
greater.
PubMed,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
17, P. 1101 - 1136
Published: Jan. 1, 2018
Pesticides
are
known
for
their
high
persistence
and
pervasiveness
in
the
environment,
along
with
products
of
biotransformation,
they
may
remain
interact
environment
living
organisms
multiple
ways,
according
to
nature
chemical
structure,
dose
targets.
In
this
review,
classifications
pesticides
based
on
nature,
use,
physical
state,
pathophysiological
effects,
sources
discussed.
The
effects
these
xenobiotics
biotransformation
terms
bioaccumulation
highlighted
special
focus
molecular
mechanisms
deciphered
date.
Basing
targeted
organisms,
most
classified
as
herbicides,
fungicides,
insecticides.
Herbicides
growth
regulators,
seedling
inhibitors,
photosynthesis
inhibitors
amino
acid
lipid
biosynthesis,
cell
membrane
disrupters,
pigment
biosynthesis
whereas
fungicides
include
ergosterol
protein
mitochondrial
respiration.
Insecticides
mainly
affect
nerves
muscle,
development,
energy
production.
Studying
impact
other
related
chemicals
is
great
interest
animal
human
health
risk
assessment
processes
since
potentially
everyone
can
be
exposed
compounds
which
cause
many
diseases,
including
metabolic
syndrome,
malnutrition,
atherosclerosis,
inflammation,
pathogen
invasion,
nerve
injury,
susceptibility
infectious
diseases.
Future
studies
should
directed
investigate
influence
long
term
low
pesticide
doses
minimize
or
eliminate
non-target
produce
more
specific
using
modern
technologies
decrease
contamination
food
goods
by
pesticides.
Hepatology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
67(1), P. 145 - 158
Published: Aug. 12, 2017
Plasma
concentrations
of
amino
acids
(AAs),
in
particular,
branched
chain
AAs
(BCAAs),
are
often
found
increased
nonalcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD);
however,
if
this
is
due
to
muscular
protein
catabolism,
obesity,
and/or
insulin
resistance
(IR)
or
impaired
tissue
metabolism
unknown.
Thus,
we
evaluated
a)
subjects
with
NAFLD
without
obesity
(NAFLD‐NO)
compared
those
(NAFLD‐Ob)
display
altered
plasma
controls
(CTs);
and
b)
AA
associated
IR
histology.
Glutamic
acid,
serine,
glycine
known
be
NAFLD.
Because
these
involved
glutathione
synthesis,
hypothesized
they
might
related
the
severity
We
therefore
measured
profile
44
diabetes
who
had
a
biopsy
(29
NAFLD‐NO
15
NAFLD‐Ob)
20
CTs
by
gas
chromatography–mass
spectrometry,
homeostasis
model
assessment
resistance,
hepatic
(Hep‐IR;
Hep‐IR
=
endogenous
glucose
production
×
insulin),
new
glutamate–serine–glycine
(GSG)
index
(glutamate/[serine
+
glycine])
tested
for
an
association
Most
were
only
NAFLD‐Ob
subjects.
Only
alanine,
glutamate,
isoleucine,
valine,
but
not
leucine,
CTs.
Glutamate,
tyrosine,
GSG‐index
correlated
Hep‐IR.
The
enzymes,
gamma‐glutamyltransferase
(R
0.70),
independent
body
mass
index.
Ballooning
inflammation
at
BCAAs
aromatic
mildly
GSG‐index,
while
was
able
discriminate
fibrosis
F3‐4
from
F0‐2
cohort.
Conclusion:
Increased
observed
mainly
NAFLD,
likely
as
consequence
catabolism.
possible
marker
(Hepatology
2018;67:145‐158).
Advances in Therapy,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
37(4), P. 1279 - 1301
Published: Feb. 17, 2020
Silymarin,
an
extract
from
milk
thistle
seeds,
has
been
used
for
centuries
to
treat
hepatic
conditions.
Preclinical
data
indicate
that
silymarin
can
reduce
oxidative
stress
and
consequent
cytotoxicity,
thereby
protecting
intact
liver
cells
or
not
yet
irreversibly
damaged.
Eurosil
85®
is
a
proprietary
formulation
developed
maximize
the
oral
bioavailability
of
silymarin.
Most
clinical
research
on
this
formulation.
Silymarin
acts
as
free
radical
scavenger
modulates
enzymes
associated
with
development
cellular
damage,
fibrosis
cirrhosis.
These
hepatoprotective
effects
were
observed
in
studies
patients
alcoholic
non-alcoholic
fatty
disease,
including
In
pooled
analysis
trials
cirrhosis,
treatment
was
significant
reduction
liver-related
deaths.
Moreover,
diabetes
also
able
improve
glycemic
parameters.
Patients
drug-induced
injuries
successfully
treated
generally
very
well
tolerated,
low
incidence
adverse
events
no
treatment-related
serious
deaths
reported
trials.
For
maximum
benefit,
should
be
initiated
early
possible
disease
other
distinct
manifestations
such
acute
failure,
when
regenerative
potential
still
high
removal
stress,
cause
achieve
best
results.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
20(10), P. 19489 - 19525
Published: Oct. 27, 2015
Oxidative
stress
caused
by
an
imbalanced
metabolism
and
excess
of
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
lead
to
a
range
health
disorders
in
humans.
Our
endogenous
antioxidant
defense
mechanisms
our
dietary
intake
antioxidants
potentially
regulate
oxidative
homeostasis.
Numerous
synthetic
can
effectively
improve
mechanisms,
but
because
their
adverse
toxic
effects
under
certain
conditions,
preference
is
given
natural
compounds.
Consequently,
the
requirements
for
natural,
alternative
sources
foods
identified
edible
mushrooms,
as
well
mechanistic
action
involved
properties,
have
increased
rapidly.
Chemical
composition
potential
mushrooms
been
intensively
studied.
Edible
might
be
used
directly
enhancement
defenses
through
supplementation
reduce
level
stress.
Wild
or
cultivated,
they
related
significant
properties
due
bioactive
compounds,
such
polyphenols,
polysaccharides,
vitamins,
carotenoids
minerals.
Antioxidant
benefits,
observed
seem
additional
reason
traditional
use
popular
delicacy
food.
This
review
discusses
consumption
powerful
instrument
maintaining
health,
longevity
life
quality.
