Genome of Rhodnius prolixus , an insect vector of Chagas disease, reveals unique adaptations to hematophagy and parasite infection

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 112(48), P. 14936 - 14941

Published: Nov. 16, 2015

Rhodnius prolixus not only has served as a model organism for the study of insect physiology, but also is major vector Chagas disease, an illness that affects approximately seven million people worldwide. We sequenced genome R. prolixus, generated assembled sequences covering 95% (∼ 702 Mb), including 15,456 putative protein-coding genes, and completed comprehensive genomic analyses this obligate blood-feeding insect. Although immune-deficiency (IMD)-mediated immune responses were observed, putatively lacks key components IMD pathway, suggesting reorganization canonical signaling network. both Toll effectors controlled intestinal microbiota, neither affected Trypanosoma cruzi, causal agent implying existence evasion or tolerance mechanisms. experienced extensive loss selenoprotein with its repertoire reduced to two proteins, one which selenocysteine-based glutathione peroxidase, first found in insects. The contained actively transcribed, horizontally transferred genes from Wolbachia sp., showed evidence codon use evolution toward pattern. Comparative protein revealed many lineage-specific expansions gene absences tandem related chemoreception, feeding, digestion possibly contributed lifestyle. assembly these associated provide critical information on physiology important species should be instrumental development innovative disease control methods.

Language: Английский

---

Steroid hormone ecdysone deficiency stimulates preparation for photoperiodic reproductive diapause

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. e1009352 - e1009352

Published: Feb. 2, 2021

Diapause, a programmed developmental arrest primarily induced by seasonal environmental changes, is very common in the animal kingdom, and found vertebrates invertebrates alike. Diapause provides an adaptive advantage to animals, as it increases odds of surviving adverse conditions. In insects, individuals perceive photoperiodic cues modify endocrine signaling direct reproductive diapause traits, such ovary increased fat accumulation. However, remains unclear which factors are involved this process how they regulate onset diapause. Here, we that long day-mediated drop concentration steroid hormone ecdysone essential for preparation Colaphellus bowringi , economically important cabbage beetle. The diapause-inducing long-day condition reduced expression biosynthetic genes, explaining titer 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E, active form ecdysone) female adults. Application exogenous 20E vitellogenesis ovarian development but accumulation diapause-destined females. Knocking down receptor ( EcR ) females destined reproduction blocked traits. RNA-seq measurements indicated stimulates production juvenile (JH), key factor To verify this, depleted three enzymes via RNAi, confirmed critical JH biosynthesis Importantly, impairing Met function, component intracellular receptor, partially 20E-regulated preparation, indicating regulates both JH-dependent -independent manners. Finally, deficiency decreased ecdysis-triggering production, thereby inducing Together, these results suggest pivotal regulator coordinates plasticity response inputs.

Language: Английский

---

Juvenile Hormone Studies in Drosophila melanogaster

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

In the field of insect endocrinology, juvenile hormone (JH) is one most wondrous entomological terms. As a unique sesquiterpenoid produced and released by endocrine gland, corpus allatum (CA), JH critical regulator in multiple developmental physiological processes, such as metamorphosis, reproduction, behavior. Benefited from precise genetic interventions simplicity, fruit fly,

Language: Английский

---

Endocrine factors modulating vitellogenesis and oogenesis in insects: An update

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 587, P. 112211 - 112211

Published: March 15, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Seven up regulates reproductive diapause initiation via juvenile hormone biosynthesis in the cabbage beetle Colaphellus bowringi

Insect Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Abstract Reproductive diapause is an insect survival strategy in which reproduction temporarily halts response to adverse environmental changes. This process characterized by arrested ovarian development and lipid accumulation females. A reduction juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis known initiate reproductive diapause, but its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Seven up (Svp), a transcription factor from the nuclear receptor family, plays crucial role various developmental processes insects. In this study, using cabbage beetle Colaphellus bowringi as model, we observed higher expression of Svp heads female adults under photoperiodic conditions (short‐day [SD]) compared (long‐day [LD]). RNA interference‐mediated knockdown SD females induced typical phenotypes, including arrest accumulation. The application methoprene (ME), JH agonist, reversed these phenotypes restored reproduction, indicating that ’s regulation dependent on signaling. Additionally, led downregulation pathway genes titers. Further evidence suggested regulates JHAMT1, critical gene biosynthesis, determines entry C. . These findings suggest diapause‐inducing photoperiods suppress expression, blocking production triggering diapause. work reveals initiation through modulating production, providing potential target for controlling pests capable entering

Language: Английский

---

Molecular Characterization of Vitellogenin and Vitellogenin Receptor of Bemisia tabaci

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. e0155306 - e0155306

Published: May 9, 2016

Vitellogenin (Vg) plays vital role in oocytes and embryo development insects. Vg is synthesized the fat body, moves through haemolymph accumulates oocytes. receptors (VgR) present on surface of oocytes, are responsible for transportation from to Here, we cloned characterized these genes Bemisia tabaci Asia1 (BtA1) species. The BtA1Vg BtA1VgR consisted 6,330 5,430 bp long open reading frames, which encoded 2,109 1,809 amino acid (AA) residues protein. protein comprised LPD_N, DUF1943 VWFD domains, typical R/KXXR/K, DGXR GL/ICG motifs, polyserine tracts. contained 12 LDLa, 10 LDLb 7 EGF a trans-membrane cytoplasmic region at C-terminus. Phylogenetic analyses indicated evolutionary association with homologous proteins various insect Silencing by siRNA did not affect transcript level BtA1Vg. However, accumulation was directly influenced expression BtA1VgR. Further, silencing caused significant mortality reduced fecundity adult whiteflies. results established essential fecundity, therefore can be potential RNAi targets control crop plants.

Language: Английский

---

How micronutrients influence the physiology of mosquitoes

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 23, P. 112 - 117

Published: July 15, 2017

Language: Английский

---

Rhodnius, Golden Oil, and Met: A History of Juvenile Hormone Research

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Aug. 7, 2020

Juvenile hormone (JH) is a unique sesquiterpenoid which regulates both insect metamorphosis and reproduction. It also may be utilized by some insects to mediate polyphenisms other life history events that are environmentally regulated. This paper details the of research on this versatile began with studies V. B. Wigglesworth “kissing bug” Rhodnius prolixus in 1934, through discovery natural source JH abdomen male Hyalophora cecropia moths C. M. Williams allowed its isolation (“golden oil”) identification, recent receptor, termed Methoprene-tolerant (Met). Our present knowledge cellular actions springs primarily from tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, silkworm Bombyx mori, fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster contributing molecular understanding these actions. Many questions still need resolved including basis competence metamorphose, differential tissue responses JH, interaction nutrition environmental signals regulating synthesis degradation.

Language: Английский

---

Photoperiod and temperature separately regulate nymphal development through JH and insulin/TOR signaling pathways in an insect

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(10), P. 5525 - 5531

Published: Feb. 25, 2020

Insects living in the temperate zone enter a physiological state of arrested or slowed development to overcome an adverse season, such as winter. Developmental arrest, called diapause, occurs at species-specific developmental stage, and embryonic pupal diapauses have been extensively studied mostly holometabolous insects. Some other insects overwinter nymphal stage with slow growth for which mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we show that this period regulated by temperature photoperiod through separate pathways cricket Modicogryllus siamensis . The former regulates rate, least part, insulin / target rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway. Lower down-regulates expression -like peptide ( Ms’Ilp ) Target Ms’Tor genes down rate without affecting number molts. latter molts independent temperature. Short days increase activation juvenile hormone (JH) pathway down-regulation myoglianin Ms’myo ), member TGFβ family, induces adult metamorphosis. In contrast, long regulate during fifth sixth instar initiate When suppressed, O-methyl transferase Ms’jhamt was up-regulated increased prolong even under long-day conditions. present findings suggested , JH temperature-controlled insulin/TOR cooperated overwintering achieve seasonal adaptation life cycle M.

Language: Английский

---

Epigenetic modifications acetylation and deacetylation play important roles in juvenile hormone action

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2018

Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation and post-translational of histones are known to regulate gene expression. Antagonistic activities histone acetyltransferases (HATs) deacetylases (HDACs) mediate transcriptional reprogramming during insect development as shown in Drosophila melanogaster other insects. Juvenile hormones (JH) play vital roles the regulation growth, development, metamorphosis, reproduction physiological processes. However, our current understanding epigenetic JH action is still limited. Hence, we studied role CREB binding protein (CBP, contains HAT domain) Trichostatin A (TSA, HDAC inhibitor) on action.

Language: Английский

---