Oxidative Stress in Association with Metabolic Health and Obesity in Young Adults

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Introduction . Obesity is one of the most important public health problems in world. Among obese people, there are those who, apart from excessive body weight, do not exhibit other metabolic dysfunctions, have a lower risk developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and show mortality. According to theory, they referred as metabolically healthy (MHO), contrast unhealthy (MUO). Metabolic disturbances occurring with obesity been well established be associated oxidative stress. Aim The purpose this study was analyse association between selected anthropometric biochemical parameters stress MHO, MUO, normal weight young adults. Material Methods Individuals age 18 36 years no history chronic use medicaments, or without obesity, participated study. Complete blood counts, measurements, such total antioxidant capacity (TAC), status (TOS), index (OSI), serum concentration malondialdehyde (MDA), ceruloplasmin, thiol groups lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), lipofuscin (LPS) erythrocytes, activity superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Results 422 patients who met inclusion criteria enrolled participants, 208 people (49.29%) offspring angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease. 16 included group (MHO) 61 (MUO) 345 had weight. Significant differences patients, women men, found. Conclusions We showed significant individuals volunteers medical history.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondria Need Their Sleep: Redox, Bioenergetics, and Temperature Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and the Role of Cysteine-Mediated Redox Signaling, Uncoupling Proteins, and Substrate Cycles

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 674 - 674

Published: March 9, 2023

Although circadian biorhythms of mitochondria and cells are highly conserved crucial for the well-being complex animals, there is a paucity studies on reciprocal interactions between oxidative stress, redox modifications, metabolism, thermoregulation, other major oscillatory physiological processes. To address this limitation, we hypothesize that circadian/ultradian interaction redoxome, bioenergetics, temperature signaling strongly determine differential activities sleep-wake cycling mammalians birds. Posttranslational modifications proteins by reversible cysteine oxoforms, S-glutathionylation S-nitrosylation shown to play role in regulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, protein activity, respiration, metabolomics. Nuclear DNA repair cellular synthesis maximized during wake phase, whereas redoxome restored remodeling sleep. Hence, our analysis reveals wakefulness more protective restorative nucleus (nucleorestorative), sleep (mitorestorative). The "redox-bioenergetics-temperature mitochondrial-nuclear regulatory hypothesis" adds understanding respiratory uncoupling, substrate control hibernation. Similarly, hypothesis explains how redox-bioenergetics-temperature-regulated states, when perturbed interactome disturbances, influence pathogenesis aging, cancer, spaceflight health effects, sudden infant death syndrome, diseases metabolism nervous system.

Language: Английский

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Pu-erh tea and theabrownin ameliorate metabolic syndrome in mice via potential microbiota-gut-liver-brain interactions

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 162, P. 112176 - 112176

Published: Nov. 19, 2022

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Pu-erh tea its ingredient theabrownin have known functions on the reduction of body weight gain fat accumulation. However, few studies systematicly analyze different contributions mechanisms their anti-metabolic through multi-omics combination analysis. Here, we used metagenomics, transcriptomics metabolomics technology to investigate mechanism in MS mice. Our results suggested that interventions could improve physiological liver, jejunum adipose tissues Hepatic transcriptome revealed both regulate circadian rhythm pathway. Glycerophospholipid linoleic acid metabolism were also modulated serum brain metabolome Faecal metagenome demonstrated increase relative abundance Clostridiales bacterium 42_27, Blautia coccoides Firmicutes ASF500, but decrease Brevundimonas vesicularis. Otherwise, compared with tea, markedly upregulated levels hepatic antioxidants (i.e., SOD, GSH), prominently downregulated inflammatory factors IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α) malondialdehyde oxidant, modestly reduced obesity-associated short-chain fatty acids faeces Taken together, our data provided insights into homogeneous heterogeneous natural biological treatment syndrome.

Language: Английский

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BIOFLAVONOIDS AS AGENTS FOR CORRECTING NITRO-OXIDATIVE STRESS AND SALIVARY GLAND FUNCTIONS IN RATS EXPOSED TO ALCOHOL DURING MODELED LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE

Wiadomości Lekarskie, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 75(3), P. 685 - 690

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

The aim: To investigate the effects of bioflavonoids (curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and quercetin) on nitro-oxidative stress functions submandibular SGs in rats under alcohol exposure during SIR.Materials methods: studies were conducted 35 Wistar line weighing 205-220 g, divided into 5 groups seven animals each: 1st group, control group I, included receiving isotonic sodium chloride solution intragastrically twice a day; 2nd II, exposed to (in dose 24 mg/kg through gavage day) for last 2 weeks lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced SIR; 3rd, 4th 5th LPS-induced SIR, which also received bioflavonoids. ("Sigma-Aldrich, Inc.", USA) as following: curcumin daily 200 mg/kg), 40 quercetin respectively. SIR was induced by intraperitoneal administration Salmonella typhi LPS (during first week 0.4 μg/kg body weight administered 3 times week; next 7 experiment once week. formation superoxide anion radical (О2 -), activity NO-synthase - total (NOS), its constitutive inducible isoforms (cNOS, iNOS), concentration peroxynitrites S-nitrosothiols evaluated spectrophotometrically. assess functional status their homogenate we determined α-amylase (spectrophotometrically) aquaporin-5 (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). gav-age with orogastric cannul.Results: When applying conditions NADH-induced .О2 production decreased yielded result II 36.8% administering curcumin, 34.5% epigallocatechin-3-gallate, 41.3% quercetin. NOS tissues inferior 42.8% relevant data (under administration), 33.7% administration) 46.6% administration); iNOS 47.0, 38.3 52.0%, Under 35.6% 37.4% 39.3% content lower 34.5, 31.1 35.3%, led changes tissues: values exceeded 40.4% 38.2% 34.1% those grew 2.66, 2.61 2.55 times, respectively.Conclusions: use combined 40% ethanol considerably limits development SGs. increases level cNOS coupling, improves enhancing aquaporin-5.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress Linking Obesity and Cancer: Is Obesity a ‘Radical Trigger’ to Cancer?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 8452 - 8452

Published: May 8, 2023

Obesity is on the rise worldwide, and consequently, obesity-related non-communicable diseases are as well. Nutritional overload induces metabolic adaptations in an attempt to restore disturbed balance, byproducts of mechanisms at hand include increased generation reactive species. Obesity-related oxidative stress causes damage vulnerable systems ultimately contributes neoplastic transformation. Dysfunctional obese adipose tissue releases cytokines changes cell microenvironment, promoting survival progression transformed cancer cells. Other than risk development, patients experience higher mortality rates reduced therapy efficiency The fact that obesity considered second leading preventable cause prioritizes research connecting cancerogenesis finding solutions break link. Oxidative integral different stages development advancement patients. Hypocaloric, balanced nutrition, structured physical activity some tools for relieving this burden. However, sensitivity simultaneously treating poses a challenge. Further obesity–cancer liaison would offer new perspectives prevention programs treatment development.

Language: Английский

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Bariatric Surgery Normalizes Protein Glycoxidation and Nitrosative Stress in Morbidly Obese Patients

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 1087 - 1087

Published: Nov. 4, 2020

The results of recent studies indicate the key role nitrosative stress and protein oxidative damage in development morbid obesity. Nevertheless, effect bariatric surgery on oxidation/glycation nitrosative/nitrative is not yet known. This first study evaluating glycoxidation morbidly obese patients before after (one, three, six twelve months) laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. included 50 women with obesity as well age- gender-matched healthy controls. We demonstrated significant increases serum myeloperoxidase, plasma glycooxidative products (dityrosine, kynurenine, N-formyl-kynurenine, amyloid, Amadori products, glycophore), (ischemia modified albumin) (nitric oxide, peroxy-nitrite, S-nitrosothiols nitro-tyrosine) subjects compared to lean controls, whereas tryptophan total thiols were statistically decreased. Bariatric generally reduces abnormalities proteins stress. Noteworthily, metabolic syndrome (MS+), we showed no differences most redox biomarkers, without MS (MS-). However, two markers: able differentiate MS+ MS- high specificity sensitivity: peroxy-nitrite (>70%) (>60%). Further are required confirm diagnostic usefulness such biomarkers.

Language: Английский

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Effects of age and gender on the redox homeostasis of morbidly obese people

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 175, P. 108 - 120

Published: Aug. 11, 2021

Obesity is a chronic disease of complex etiology. Recent evidence suggests that obesity caused by inflammation adipose tissue leading to metabolic disorders, cardiovascular and cancer. This the first study evaluated effects age gender on redox homeostasis, glutathione metabolism, oxidative damage plasma/serum lipids proteins in morbidly obese patients. The included 120 (60 men 60 women) patients with class 3 (BMI > 40 kg/m2), classified into three groups depending age: 20–39 years (n = 20), 40–59 20) or older 20). number was calculated priori based our previous experiment. We observed reduction serum activity antioxidant enzymes (↓SOD) plasma concentration non-enzymatic antioxidants (↓GSH) compared lean controls, which further decreased age. Redox status (↑TAC, ↑TOS ↓OSI) women shifted towards oxidation. Moreover, lipid (↑MDA ↑LOOH) protein (↑AOPP, ↑AGE ↑Amadori products) products oxidation nitrosylation/nitration (↑total NO, ↑S-nitrosothiols, ↑peroxynitrite ↑nitrotyrosine) were elevated both genders higher elderly. Interestingly, concentrations nitrosative stress markers generally at same Summarizing, we showed total antioxidant/oxidant potential significantly increased Obese have oxidation, glycation nitration as controls. Disturbances homeostasis increase Oxidative are more intense than

Language: Английский

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Association of Tumour Microenvironment with Protein Glycooxidation, DNA Damage, and Nitrosative Stress in Colorectal Cancer

Cancer Management and Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: Volume 13, P. 6329 - 6348

Published: Aug. 1, 2021

In this study, we evaluated the total antioxidant capacity, nitrosative stress, and protein/DNA oxidation glycoxidation products in patients with colorectal cancer regarding histopathological parameters associated tumour microenvironment, such as inflammatory infiltration budding compare all determined between tumours located right left side of colon normal mucosa.Ferric reducing power (FRAP), stress (myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitrogen oxide (NO), peroxynitrite, nitrotyrosine), protein (protein carbonyls (PC), thiols, ischemia modified albumin (IMA)), glycooxidation (tryptophan, kynurenine, N-formylkynurenine, dityrosine, Amadori product, advanced glycation end (AGE)) 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured homogenates from cancerous tissue 30 cancer.Levels FRAP (p=0.0009), IMA (p=0.0002), kynurenine (p<0.0001), N-formylkynurenine dityrosine (p=0.0024), AGE MPO NO (p<0.0001) nitrotyrosine (p=0.0011) increased, whereas PC (p=0.0004), tryptophan 8-OHdG peroxynitrite (p=0.0003) decreased left-side compared to right-side mucosa.Our results showed that is related disturbances defense increased oxidative damages proteins DNA. These may be useful for evaluation progression differentiation location. We also demonstrated redox indicators depend on histological type influence invasion depth, presence lymph node distant metastasis, vascular neural invasion, infiltration, budding, which are part microenvironment.

Language: Английский

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Redox Imbalance and Methylation Disturbances in Early Childhood Obesity

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Obesity is increasing worldwide in prepubertal children, reducing the age of onset associated comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes. Sulfur‐containing amino acids, methionine, cysteine, and their derivatives play important roles transmethylation transsulfuration pathways. Dysregulation these pathways leads to alterations cellular methylation patterns an imbalanced redox state. Therefore, we tested hypothesis that one‐carbon metabolism already dysregulated children with obesity. Peripheral blood was collected from 64 plasma metabolites were quantified by HPLC. The cohort stratified BMI z‐scores HOMA‐IR indices into healthy lean (HL), obese (HO), unhealthy (UHO). Fasting insulin levels higher HO group compared HL, while UHO had highest. All groups presented normal fasting glycemia. Furthermore, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) lower triglycerides lactate subjects. S‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) total homocysteine increased HL. Additionally, glutathione also altered. Free cystine oxidized (GSSG) as HL Importantly, adipocyte secretory function compromised at this young age. Elevated circulating leptin decreased adiponectin observed Some concomitant DNA group, independent impaired levels. In conclusion, our study informs on novel metabolic early stages Moreover, altered very life may be relevant identifying markers disease inform risk for specific future comorbidities population.

Language: Английский

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Pleiotropic Properties of Valsartan: Do They Result from the Antiglycooxidant Activity? Literature Review and In Vitro Study

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Valsartan belongs to angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blockers (ARB) used in cardiovascular diseases like heart failure and hypertension. Except for its AT1-antagonism, another mechanism of drug action has been suggested recent research. One the supposed actions refers positive impact on redox balance reducing protein glycation. Our study is aimed at assessing antiglycooxidant properties valsartan an vitro model oxidized bovine serum albumin (BSA). Glucose, fructose, ribose, glyoxal (GO), methylglyoxal (MGO), chloramine T were as glycation or oxidation agents. Protein products (total thiols, carbonyls (PC), advanced (AOPP)), glycooxidation (tryptophan, kynurenine, N-formylkynurenine, dityrosine), (amyloid-β structure, fructosamine, end (AGE)), antioxidant activity capacity (TAC), DPPH assay, ferric power (FRAP)) measured each sample. In presence valsartan, concentrations significantly lower comparing control. Moreover, was higher those samples. The drug's comparable renowned antiglycation agents antioxidants, e.g., aminoguanidine, metformin, Trolox, N-acetylcysteine, alpha-lipoic acid. conducted experiment proves that can ameliorate various conditions. Available animal clinical studies uphold this statement, but further research needed confirm it, reduction may prevent disease development.

Language: Английский

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