Oxidative stress in metabolic diseases: current scenario and therapeutic relevance

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 478(1), P. 185 - 196

Published: June 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Nitrotyrosine, Nitrated Lipoproteins, and Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: What Do We Know and What Remains to Be Explained?

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 856 - 856

Published: April 27, 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are most important cause morbidity and mortality in population patients living with DM. DM associated lipid metabolism disorders characterized by decrease high-density lipoprotein blood concentration, an increase triglyceride presence modified lipoproteins not routinely measured clinical practice. Nitrated produced nitration tyrosyl residues apolipoproteins myeloperoxidase. There some evidence from research conducted showing that nitrated may play role dysfunction, but this issue requires further investigation. It was found HDL particles caspase-3 paraoxonase-1 activity, as well activity cholesterol transport via ABCA1, reduces protective effect on system. Less information has been collected about LDL particles. Thus far, much more obtained relationship nitrotyrosine expression factors dysfunction. The purpose paper to provide extensive review literature present current state knowledge association between dysfunction system, especially Moreover, directions future area were discussed.

Language: Английский

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A systematic review on anti-diabetic plant essential oil compounds: Dietary sources, effects, molecular mechanisms, and safety

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64(19), P. 6526 - 6545

Published: Jan. 28, 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifaceted metabolic syndrome defined through the dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells driven by confluence genetic and environmental elements. Insulin resistance, mediated interleukins other inflammatory elements, one key factors contributing to progression T2DM. Many essential oils derived from dietary plants are beneficial against various chronic diseases. We reviewed anti-diabetic properties plant-derived oil compounds, with focus on their molecular mechanisms modulating specific signaling pathways critical mediators involved in insulin resistance. High-quality literature published last 12 years, 2010 2022, was collected Scopus, Web Science, PubMed, Embase databases using search terms "dietary plants," "essential oils," "anti-diabetic," "insulin resistance," "antihyperglycemic," "T2DM," "anti-diabetic mechanism." According results, including cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, zingerone, sclareol, zerumbone, myrtenol, thujone, geraniol, citral, eugenol, thymoquinone, thymol, citronellol, α-terpineol, linalool have been demonstrated contain strong effects via signal transduction linked glucose metabolism. Additionally, diabetes-related animal models, they can also considerably reduce expression TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2. The main molecules regulated these compounds include AMPK, GLUT4, Caspase-3, PPARγ, PPARα, NF-κB, p-IκBα, MyD88, MCP-1, SREBP-1c, AGEs, RAGE, VEGF, Nrf2/HO-1, SIRT-1. They significantly inhibit generation TBARS MDA, oxidative stress, increase levels, adiponectin, glycoprotein enzymes, boost antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT, GPx, as well glutathione vital glycolytic enzymes. Besides, lower levels liver lipid profile markers. Moreover, most generally safe based studies. In conclusion, potential influencing different targets metabolism, should be related complications.

Language: Английский

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Hormesis and Oxidative Distress: Pathophysiology of Reactive Oxygen Species and the Open Question of Antioxidant Modulation and Supplementation

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1613 - 1613

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Alterations of redox homeostasis leads to a condition resilience known as hormesis that is due the activation redox-sensitive pathways stimulating cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, and angiogenesis. Instead, supraphysiological production reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds antioxidant defence oxidative distress. This induces damage biomolecules responsible or co-responsible for onset several chronic pathologies. Thus, dietary supplementation has been proposed in order prevent aging, cardiovascular degenerative diseases well carcinogenesis. However, this approach failed demonstrate efficacy, often leading harmful side effects, particular patients affected by cancer. In latter case, an based on endogenous depletion, ROS overproduction, shown interesting potential enhancing susceptibility anticancer therapies. Therefore, deep investigation molecular involved balance crucial identify new targets useful development more effective therapeutic approaches. The review herein provides overview pathophysiological role focuses attention positive negative aspects modulation with intent find insights successful clinical application.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Summary of the Current Understanding of the Relationship between Severe Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Inflammatory Status

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 3818 - 3818

Published: June 2, 2023

At present, obesity, as a part of metabolic syndrome, represents the leading factor for disability, and is correlated with higher inflammation status, morbidity, mortality. The purpose our study to add new insights present body knowledge regarding correlations between chronic systemic severe which cannot be treated without considering other syndrome conditions. Biomarkers high-level are recognized important predictors pro-inflammatory disease. Besides well-known cytokines, such WBCs (white blood cells), IL-1 (interleukin-1), IL-6 (interleukin-6), TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), hsCRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), well anti-inflammatory markers, adiponectin inflammation, can determined by variety tests largely available inexpensive inflammatory biomarker tool. A few parameters, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; level cholesterol 25-hydroxylase, macrophage-enriched network in adipose tissue; or levels glutamine, an immune-metabolic regulator white tissue, markers that link obesity inflammation. Through this narrative review, we try emphasize influence weight-loss process reducing obesity-related status associated comorbidities. All data from presented studies report positive results following procedures while improving overall health, effect lasts over time, far existing research show.

Language: Английский

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Salivary Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Stroke Patients: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Cerebral stroke is a serious worldwide health problem, as can be seen by the global epidemic of disease. In this disorder, when blood flow compromised ruptures or blocked arteries, sudden death neurons observed result lack oxygen and nutrients. Numerous severe problems frequent complications also exist in patients; therefore, there an urgent need to develop new therapeutic, diagnostic, prognostic methods for At present, diagnosis based on neurological examination, medical history, neuroimaging, due fact that rapid noninvasive diagnostic tests are unavailable. Nevertheless, oxidative stress inflammation considered key factors pathogenesis. Oxygen free radicals responsible oxidation lipids, proteins, DNA/RNA, which turn contributes damage brain. Toxic products reactions act cytostatically cell damaging membranes leading neuronal apoptosis necrosis. Thus, it seems redox/inflammatory biomarkers might used Nowadays, saliva increasing interest clinical laboratory medicine. Redox could obtained easily, noninvasively, cheaply, stress‐free from saliva. This minireview aimed at presenting current knowledge concerning use salivary prognosis stroke.

Language: Английский

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Salivary gland dysfunction and salivary redox imbalance in patients with Alzheimer’s disease

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Dec. 13, 2021

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with the deposition of β-amyloid in brain. AD accounts for over 50% cases dementia which results from disturbances redox homeostasis. Indeed, increased intensity protein oxidation and nitration as well lipid peroxidation observed brain areas considerable amounts amyloid plaques neurofibrillary tangles. However, little known about oxidoreductive balance salivary glands patients. Therefore, aim this study was to evaluate antioxidant barrier oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers stimulated saliva blood The participated by 25 patients non-demented controls without neurological diseases or cognitive impairment, matched age gender group. number determined based on a previous pilot (test power = 0.9). We found significant decrease activity erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) reduced concentration plasma non-enzymatic antioxidants (uric acid, UA glutathione, GSH). In contrast, we significantly decreased all enzymes (SOD, CAT GPx) GSH compared control content (malondialdehyde, MDA) (advanced products, AOPP; advanced glycation end-products, AGE) products nitrosative (peroxynitrite, nitrotyrosine) higher both controls. patients, also secretion total content, an increase concentration. conclusion, imbalance towards oxidative reactions, at level oral cavity entire body. General do not coincide disturbances. Reduction reflects secretory dysfunction parotid glands.

Language: Английский

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Serum Levels of IL-1 RA Increase with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Relation to Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and are Reduced After Bariatric Surgery in Parallel to Adiposity

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: Volume 15, P. 1331 - 1345

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Excess adiposity leads to a dysfunctional adipose tissue that contributes the development of obesity-associated comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is naturally occurring IL-1 with anti-inflammatory properties. The aim present study was compare circulating concentrations IL-1RA and its mRNA expression in visceral (VAT) subjects normal weight (NW), obesity normoglycemia (OB-NG), or impaired glucose tolerance T2D (OB-IGT&T2D) analyze effect changes body fat percentage (BF%) on levels.Serum were measured 156 volunteers. Expression IL1RN VAT obtained from 36 individuals determined. In addition, before after gain well loss following dietetic program Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).Serum levels significantly increased obesity, being further OB-IGT&T2D group (NW 440 ± 316, OB-NG 899 562, 1265 739 pg/mL; P<0.001) associated markers inflammation fatty liver. correlated global cohort SPP1, CCL2, CD68, MMP9. Levels not modified modest BF%, but RYGB-induced decreased 1233 1009 660 538 pg/mL (P<0.001).Serum are patients elevated IGT association dysfunction. markedly relation genes involved macrophage recruitment, matrix remodeling. Serum reduced when notable amount BF% loss. Measurement an excellent biomarker dysfunction metabolic alterations.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress Linking Obesity and Cancer: Is Obesity a ‘Radical Trigger’ to Cancer?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 8452 - 8452

Published: May 8, 2023

Obesity is on the rise worldwide, and consequently, obesity-related non-communicable diseases are as well. Nutritional overload induces metabolic adaptations in an attempt to restore disturbed balance, byproducts of mechanisms at hand include increased generation reactive species. Obesity-related oxidative stress causes damage vulnerable systems ultimately contributes neoplastic transformation. Dysfunctional obese adipose tissue releases cytokines changes cell microenvironment, promoting survival progression transformed cancer cells. Other than risk development, patients experience higher mortality rates reduced therapy efficiency The fact that obesity considered second leading preventable cause prioritizes research connecting cancerogenesis finding solutions break link. Oxidative integral different stages development advancement patients. Hypocaloric, balanced nutrition, structured physical activity some tools for relieving this burden. However, sensitivity simultaneously treating poses a challenge. Further obesity–cancer liaison would offer new perspectives prevention programs treatment development.

Language: Английский

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Effects of age and gender on the redox homeostasis of morbidly obese people

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 175, P. 108 - 120

Published: Aug. 11, 2021

Obesity is a chronic disease of complex etiology. Recent evidence suggests that obesity caused by inflammation adipose tissue leading to metabolic disorders, cardiovascular and cancer. This the first study evaluated effects age gender on redox homeostasis, glutathione metabolism, oxidative damage plasma/serum lipids proteins in morbidly obese patients. The included 120 (60 men 60 women) patients with class 3 (BMI > 40 kg/m2), classified into three groups depending age: 20–39 years (n = 20), 40–59 20) or older 20). number was calculated priori based our previous experiment. We observed reduction serum activity antioxidant enzymes (↓SOD) plasma concentration non-enzymatic antioxidants (↓GSH) compared lean controls, which further decreased age. Redox status (↑TAC, ↑TOS ↓OSI) women shifted towards oxidation. Moreover, lipid (↑MDA ↑LOOH) protein (↑AOPP, ↑AGE ↑Amadori products) products oxidation nitrosylation/nitration (↑total NO, ↑S-nitrosothiols, ↑peroxynitrite ↑nitrotyrosine) were elevated both genders higher elderly. Interestingly, concentrations nitrosative stress markers generally at same Summarizing, we showed total antioxidant/oxidant potential significantly increased Obese have oxidation, glycation nitration as controls. Disturbances homeostasis increase Oxidative are more intense than

Language: Английский

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