Chronic inflammation and the hallmarks of aging

Molecular Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 101755 - 101755

Published: June 16, 2023

Recently, the hallmarks of aging were updated to include dysbiosis, disabled macroautophagy, and chronic inflammation. In particular, low-grade inflammation during aging, without overt infection, is defined as "inflammaging," which associated with increased morbidity mortality in population. Emerging evidence suggests a bidirectional cyclical relationship between development age-related conditions, such cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, cancer, frailty. How crosstalk other underlies biological mechanisms disease thus particular interest current geroscience research.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes as therapeutic and drug delivery vehicle for neurodegenerative diseases

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Abstract Neurodegenerative disorders are complex, progressive, and life-threatening. They cause mortality disability for millions of people worldwide. Appropriate treatment neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is still clinically lacking due to the presence blood-brain barrier (BBB). Developing an effective transport system that can cross BBB enhance therapeutic effect neuroprotective agents has been a major challenge NDs. Exosomes endogenous nano-sized vesicles naturally carry biomolecular cargoes. Many studies have indicated exosome content, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), possess biological activities by targeting several signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, inflammation, autophagy, oxidative stress. Exosome content influence cellular function healthy or pathological ways. Furthermore, since exosomes reflect features parental cells, their cargoes offer opportunities early diagnosis intervention diseases. unique characteristics make them ideal delivering drugs directly brain. These include ability pass through BBB, biocompatibility, stability, innate properties. This review emphasizes role alleviating NDs discusses associated molecular mechanisms. exosomes, making promising natural transporter various medications brain combat NDs, also discussed.

Language: Английский

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New Insights into Antioxidant Peptides: An Overview of Efficient Screening, Evaluation Models, Molecular Mechanisms, and Applications

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 203 - 203

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Antioxidant peptides are currently a hotspot in food science, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In different fields, the screening, activity evaluation, mechanisms, applications of antioxidant pivotal areas research. Among these topics, efficient screening stands at forefront cutting-edge To this end, with novel technologies has significantly accelerated research process, gradually replacing traditional approach. After screened identified, time-consuming evaluation is another indispensable procedure, especially vivo models. Cellular rodent models have been widely used for whilst non-rodent provide an solution, even potential high-throughput screening. Meanwhile, further molecular mechanisms can elucidate essence underlying activity, which related to several signaling pathways, including Keap1-Nrf2/ARE, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, TGF-β/SMAD, AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB. Last but not least, broad manufacture, therapy, cosmetics industry, requires systematic review. This review introduces peptides, categorized new vision. A wide range assays, encompassing cellular models, as well provided comprehensive manner. addition, recent advances analyzed specific cases. Finally, production, systematically reviewed.

Language: Английский

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Cell Type-Specific Extracellular Vesicles and Their Impact on Health and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2730 - 2730

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a diverse group of cell-derived exocytosed particles, are pivotal in mediating intercellular communication due to their ability selectively transfer biomolecules specific cell types. EVs, composed proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, taken up by cells affect variety signaling cascades. Research the field has primarily focused on stem with particular focus mesenchymal cells, for potential therapeutic benefits. Recently, tissue-specific EVs or type-specific extracellular (CTS-EVs), have garnered attention unique biogenesis molecular composition because they enable highly targeted cell-specific communication. Various studies outlined roles that CTS-EVs play physiological function maintenance homeostasis, including immune modulation, tissue regeneration, organ development. These properties also exploited disease propagation, such as cancer, neurological disorders, infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, more. The insights gained from analyzing different biological not only enhance our understanding pathogenesis but open new avenues innovative diagnostic biomarkers targets wide spectrum medical conditions. This review comprehensively outlines current CTS-EV origins, within normal physiology, implications diseased states.

Language: Английский

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Lactiplantibacillus (Lactobacillus) plantarum as a Complementary Treatment to Improve Symptomatology in Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systematic Review of Open Access Literature

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 3010 - 3010

Published: March 5, 2024

This systematic review addresses the use of Lactiplantibacillus (Lactobacillus) plantarum in symptomatological intervention neurodegenerative disease. The existence gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with systemic inflammatory processes present disease, creating opportunity for new treatment strategies. involves modifying strains that constitute to enhance synaptic function through gut–brain axis. Recent studies have evaluated beneficial effects on motor and cognitive symptomatology, alone or combination. includes 20 research articles (n = 3 human n 17 animal models). main result this was combination produced improvements symptomatology related However, one included reported negative after administration plantarum. provides current relevant information about probiotic pathologies such as Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s disease Multiple Sclerosis.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as New Remedy for the Treatment of Neurocognitive Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 1433 - 1433

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles enriched with MSC-sourced neuroprotective and immunomodulatory microRNAs, neural growth factors, anti-inflammatory cytokines, which attenuate neuro-inflammation, promote neo-vascularization, induce neurogenesis, reduce apoptotic loss of cells. Accordingly, a large number experimental studies demonstrated MSC-Exo-dependent improvement cognitive impairment in animals. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular cellular mechanisms that were responsible for MSC-Exo-based restoration function, emphasizing therapeutic potential MSC-Exos the treatment neurocognitive disorders.

Language: Английский

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Emerging role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-derived exosome in neurodegeneration-associated conditions: a groundbreaking cell-free approach

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Abstract Accumulating proofs signify that pleiotropic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are not allied to their differentiation competencies but rather mediated mainly by the releases soluble paracrine mediators, making them a reasonable therapeutic option enable damaged tissue repair. Due unique immunomodulatory and regenerative attributes, MSC-derived exosomes hold great potential treat neurodegeneration-associated neurological diseases. Exosome treatment circumvents drawbacks regarding direct administration MSCs, such as tumor formation or reduced infiltration migration brain tissue. Noteworthy, MSCs-derived can cross blood–brain barrier (BBB) then efficiently deliver cargo (e.g., protein, miRNAs, lipid, mRNA) These biomolecules influence various biological processes survival, proliferation, migration, etc.) in neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes. Various studies have shown systemic local exosome could lead favored outcome animals with disease supporting BBB integrity, eliciting pro-angiogenic effects, attenuating neuroinflammation, promoting neurogenesis vivo. In present review, we will an overview benefits therapy ameliorate pathological symptoms acute chronic neurodegenerative disease. Also, underlying mechanism behind these has been elucidated.

Language: Английский

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Several miRNAs derived from serum extracellular vesicles are potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and progression of Parkinson’s disease

Translational Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: July 28, 2021

Abstract Background Blood-based test for predicting disease progression and early diagnosis of Parkinson’s (PD) is an unmet need in the clinic. The profiles microRNAs (miRNAs) are regarded as potential diagnostic biomarkers human diseases, whereas miRNAs periphery susceptible to influence various components. MiRNAs enriched serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) have demonstrated disease-specific advantages due their high abundance, stability resistance degradation. This study was aimed screen differentially expressed EV-derived between healthy controls PD patients aid PD. Methods A total 31 72 with a at different Hoehn Yahr stages Tangdu Hospital were included. In total, 185 obtained through RNA sequencing EVs well edgeR t -test analyses. Subsequently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) utilized identify commonly all by constructing connections modules, specifically each stage functional enrichment analysis. After aligning these PD-related Human miRNA Disease Database, screened further validated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using peripheral blood from 40 more participants. Results WGCNA showed that 4 associated 13 Of 17 miRNAs, 7 ROC curve verified participants qRT-PCR. Six both methods, which included 2 Conclusions 6 hsa-miR-374a-5p, hsa-miR-374b-5p, hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-28-5p, hsa-miR-22-5p hsa-miR-151a-5p, may potentially be used populations.

Language: Английский

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Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Biology, Taxonomy, Clinical Relevance, and Current Research Status

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 1760 - 1760

Published: July 21, 2022

The understanding of neurodegenerative diseases, traditionally considered to be well-defined entities with distinguishable clinical phenotypes, has undergone a major shift over the last 20 years. diagnosis diseases primarily requires functional brain imaging techniques or invasive tests such as lumbar puncture assess cerebrospinal fluid. A new biological approach and research efforts, especially in vivo, have focused on biomarkers indicating underlying proteinopathy fluid blood serum. However, due complexity heterogeneity processes within central nervous system large number overlapping diagnoses, identifying individual proteinopathies is relatively difficult often not entirely accurate. For this reason, there an urgent need develop laboratory methods for specific biomarkers, understand molecular basis disorders classify quantifiable readily available tools that can accelerate efforts translate knowledge into disease-modifying therapies improve simplify areas differential diagnosis, well monitor disease course aim estimating prognosis evaluating effects treatment. review summarize current about clinically relevant different diseases.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Overview of the Complex Role of Oxidative Stress in Aging, The Contributing Environmental Stressors and Emerging Antioxidant Therapeutic Interventions

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 13, 2022

Aging is a normal, inevitable, irreversible, and progressive process which driven by internal external factors. Oxidative stress, that the imbalance between prooxidant antioxidant molecules favoring first, plays key role in pathophysiology of aging comprises one molecular mechanisms underlying age-related diseases. However, oxidative stress theory has not been successfully proven all animal models studying lifespan, meaning altering stress/antioxidant defense systems did always lead to prolonged as expected. On other hand, pathological phenotypes showed well-correlated relationship with levels molecules. Therefore, it seems more complicated than once believed this might be affected environment each organism. Environmental factors such UV radiation, air pollution, an unbalanced diet, have also implicated seem initiate rapidly even at younger ages.The purpose review elucidate physiology effect certain environmental initiating sustaining process. Understanding will contribute development strategies postpone phenomenon. In addition, recent studies investigating ways alter order prevent presented.Careful exposure harmful use supplements could potentially affect biological processes driving slow down Maybe lifespan achieved strategy alone, but longer healthspan favorable target.

Language: Английский

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