Multi-Omics Pipeline and Omics-Integration Approach to Decipher Plant’s Abiotic Stress Tolerance Responses

Genes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1281 - 1281

Published: June 16, 2023

The present day's ongoing global warming and climate change adversely affect plants through imposing environmental (abiotic) stresses disease pressure. major abiotic factors such as drought, heat, cold, salinity, etc., hamper a plant's innate growth development, resulting in reduced yield quality, with the possibility of undesired traits. In 21st century, advent high-throughput sequencing tools, state-of-the-art biotechnological techniques bioinformatic analyzing pipelines led to easy characterization plant traits for stress response tolerance mechanisms by applying 'omics' toolbox. Panomics pipeline including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, proteogenomics, interactomics, ionomics, phenomics, have become very handy nowadays. This is important produce climate-smart future crops proper understanding molecular responses genes, transcripts, proteins, epigenome, cellular metabolic circuits resultant phenotype. Instead mono-omics, two or more (hence 'multi-omics') integrated-omics approaches can decipher well. Multi-omics-characterized be used potent genetic resources incorporate into breeding program. For practical utility crop improvement, multi-omics particular combined genome-assisted (GAB) being pyramided improved yield, food quality associated agronomic open new era omics-assisted breeding. Thus, together are able processes, biomarkers, targets engineering, regulatory networks precision agriculture solutions crop's variable ensure security under changing circumstances.

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics revolution to promote plant breeding efficiency

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Dec. 8, 2022

Crop production is the primary goal of agricultural activities, which always taken into consideration. However, global systems are coming under increasing pressure from rising food demand rapidly growing world population and changing climate. To address these issues, improving high-yield climate-resilient related-traits in crop breeding an effective strategy. In recent years, advances omics techniques, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, paved way for accelerating plant/crop to cope with climate enhance production. Optimized phenotypic plasticity platform integration, exploited by evolving machine learning algorithms will aid development biological interpretations complex traits. The precise progressive assembly desire alleles using genome editing approaches enhanced strategies would enable future crops excel combating climates. Furthermore, plant genetic engineering ensures exclusive approach developing nutrient sufficient crops, productivity can sustainably adequately meet world's food, nutrition, energy needs. This review provides overview how integration could be select varieties desired

Language: Английский

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Emerging Roles of Epigenetics in Grapevine and Winegrowing

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 515 - 515

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Epigenetics refers to dynamic chemical modifications the genome that can perpetuate gene activity without changes in DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms play important roles growth and development. They may also drive plant adaptation adverse environmental conditions by buffering variation. Grapevine is an perennial fruit crop cultivated worldwide, but mostly temperate zones with hot dry summers. The decrease rainfall rise temperature due climate change, along expansion of pests diseases, constitute serious threats sustainability winegrowing. Ongoing research shows epigenetic are key regulators grapevine developmental processes, including berry ripening. Variations driven genotype–environment interplay lead novel phenotypes response cues, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. Here, we summarize recent advances emerging field epigenetics. We primarily highlight impact epigenetics stress responses acquisition tolerance. further discuss how affect winegrowing shape quality wine.

Language: Английский

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Advances in the molecular regulation of seed germination in plants

Seed Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 0 - 0

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Seed germination is a key process in the life cycle of seed plants. The initiation requires activity specific internal signaling molecules, such as hormones and reactive oxygen species (ROS), dependent on external environmental factors, water, temperature, light. complex trait that regulated by multiple including transcript, protein, metabolite levels. This review highlights current knowledge relating to regulatory roles hormones, ROS, small RNAs, epigenetic modifications, post-translational cues germination, mainly focusing Arabidopsis rice. molecular regulation contributes improvement crop quality using bio-breeding approaches.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic Modifications of Hormonal Signaling Pathways in Plant Drought Response and Tolerance for Sustainable Food Security

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8229 - 8229

Published: July 28, 2024

Drought significantly challenges global food security, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of plant molecular responses for effective mitigation strategies. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone are key in regulating genes hormones essential drought response. While microRNAs (miRNAs) primarily regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, they can also interact with epigenetic pathways potential effectors that influence chromatin remodeling. Although the role miRNAs memory is still being explored, their contribution to response requires examining these indirect effects on modifications. A aspect this exploration drought-adapted plants, offering insights into transgenerational inheritance adaptive traits. Understanding mechanisms govern maintenance erasure imprints provides nuanced how plants balance stability flexibility epigenomes. major focus dynamic interaction between hormonal pathways—such those abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, jasmonates, salicylic (SA)—and mechanisms. This interplay crucial fine-tuning during stress, leading physiological morphological adaptations enhance resilience. review highlights transformative advanced technologies, bisulfite sequencing CRISPR-Cas9, providing water deficit conditions. These technologies pave way developing drought-tolerant crops, which vital sustainable agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic variation: A major player in facilitating plant fitness under changing environmental conditions

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 18, 2022

Recent research in plant epigenetics has increased our understanding of how epigenetic variability can contribute to adaptive phenotypic plasticity natural populations. Studies show that environmental changes induce switches either independently or complementation with the genetic variation. Although most induced gets reset between generations and is short-lived, some variation becomes transgenerational results heritable traits. The short-term responses provide first tier transient required for local adaptations while stress memory help plants respond better recurring long-term stresses. These variations translate into an additional diversity which stable epialleles. In recent years, studies have been conducted on populations related various biological processes, ecological factors, communities, habitats. With advent advanced NGS-based technologies, targeting diverse environments manifold enhance stimuli facilitating fitness. Taking all points together a frame, present review compilation present-day knowledge role its fitness benefits systems

Language: Английский

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Hormonal and epigenetic regulation of root responses to salinity stress

The Crop Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1309 - 1320

Published: March 13, 2024

Salinity stress is a major environmental affecting crop productivity, and its negative impact on global food security only going to increase, due current climate trends. tolerance was present in wild relatives but significantly weakened during domestication. Regaining it back requires good understanding of molecular mechanisms traits involved control plant ionic ROS homeostasis. This review summarizes our knowledge the role hormones (auxin, cytokinins, abscisic acid, salicylic jasmonate) plants adaptation soil salinity. We firstly discuss controlling root tropisms, growth architecture (primary elongation, meristematic activity, lateral development, hairs formation). Hormone-mediated uptake sequestration key inorganic ions (sodium, potassium, calcium) then discussed followed by regulation cell redox balance signaling salt-stressed roots. Finally, epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation histone modifications ion homeostasis discussed. data may help develop novel strategies for breeding cultivating salt-tolerant crops improving agricultural productivity saline regions.

Language: Английский

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Climate change and epigenetics: Unraveling the role of methylation in response to thermal instability in the Antarctic plant Colobanthus quitensis

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 177(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Low temperatures are one of the critical conditions affecting performance and distribution plants. Exposure to cooling results in reprogramming gene expression, which turn would be mediated by epigenetic regulation. Antarctica is known as most severe ecosystems, but several climate models predict an increase average temperature, may positively impact development Antarctic plants; however, under warmer temperatures, plants' vulnerability damages from low‐temperature events increases. Here, we evaluated these on acclimation process, with a focus how methylation influences induction cold response genes. According results, number methylations promoter regions associated lower expression Similarly, populations where this relationship observed, individuals acclimated projected change condition more vulnerable, their temperature face event compared current antarctic condition. This research first report highlighting role its influence transcriptional responses plant Colobanthus quitensis facing projections.

Language: Английский

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Environmental Adaptation of Genetically Uniform Organisms with the Help of Epigenetic Mechanisms—An Insightful Perspective on Ecoepigenetics

Epigenomes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 1 - 1

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Organisms adapt to different environments by selection of the most suitable phenotypes from standing genetic variation or phenotypic plasticity, ability single genotypes produce in environments. Because near identity, asexually reproducing populations are particularly for investigation potential and molecular underpinning latter alternative depth. Recent analyses on whole-genome scale differently adapted clonal animals plants demonstrated that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications non-coding RNAs among pathways supporting plasticity is used stably Case studies revealed habitat-specific fingerprints were maintained over subsequent years pointing at existence ecotypes. Environmentally induced epimutations corresponding gene expression changes provide an ideal means fast directional adaptation changing new conditions, because they can synchronously alter many population members. microorganisms inclusive human pathogens also exploit epigenetically mediated environmental adaptation, this phenomenon considered a universal biological principle. The production same sequence response cues provides mechanistic explanation “general-purpose genotype hypothesis” “genetic paradox invasions”.

Language: Английский

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The Role and Possibilities of Epigenetics in Ornamental Plant Breeding

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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