Human Skin Aging and the Anti-Aging Properties of Retinol

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1614 - 1614

Published: Nov. 4, 2023

The skin is the most-extensive and -abundant tissue in human body. Like many organs, as we age, experiences gradual atrophy both epidermis dermis. This can be primarily attributed to diminishing population of epidermal stem cells reduction collagen, which primary structural protein alterations occurring dermis due aging process result disruptions structure functionality skin. creates a microenvironment conducive age-related conditions such compromised barrier, slowed wound healing, onset cancer. review emphasizes recent molecular discoveries related evaluates preventive approaches, use topical retinoids. Topical retinoids have demonstrated promise enhancing texture, fine lines, augmenting thickness dermal layers.

Language: Английский

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Role of Hydroxytyrosol and Oleuropein in the Prevention of Aging and Related Disorders: Focus on Neurodegeneration, Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction and Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 1767 - 1767

Published: April 4, 2023

Aging is a multi-faceted process caused by the accumulation of cellular damage over time, associated with gradual reduction physiological activities in cells and organs. This degeneration results reduced ability to adapt homeostasis perturbations an increased incidence illnesses such as cognitive decline, neurodegenerative cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, skeletal muscle pathologies. Key features aging include chronic low-grade inflammation state decrease autophagic process. The Mediterranean diet has been longevity counteract onset age-related disorders. Extra virgin olive oil, fundamental component this diet, contains bioactive polyphenolic compounds hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) oleuropein (OLE), known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective properties. review focused on brain, muscle, gut microbiota, these systems are interact at several levels. After description chemistry pharmacokinetics HTyr OLE, we summarize studies reporting effects vivo vitro models diseases central/peripheral nervous system, adult neurogenesis depression, senescence lifespan, disorders, well impact composition microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Bee Pollen Phytochemicals and Nutrients as Unequaled Pool of Epigenetic Regulators: Implications for Age-Related Diseases

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 347 - 347

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Bee pollen is characterized by an exceptional diversity and abundance of micronutrients bioactive phytochemicals. This richness remains very sparsely investigated, but accumulating evidence strongly supports a promising future for bee in human nutrition medicine. Epigenetic regulation among the most compelling biomedical topics that remain completely untapped derivative research. In our current research, we identified numerous ubiquitous compounds are consistently present this matrix, regardless its botanical geographical origins, have been well studied documented as epigenetic regulators recent years. Given relative newness both research studies within nutritional, pharmaceutical, medical sciences, review aims to bridge these valuable fields advance related experimental investigations. To best knowledge, first work has aimed comprehensively investigate modulatory potential compounds. Our findings also unveiled several intriguing phenomena, such dual effect same compound depending on cellular context or some cross-generational heritability traits. Although whole extract still lacking, study clearly indicates avenue worth further We hope constitutes foundational cornerstone investigations

Language: Английский

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Immunological Profile and Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Elderly Patients with Cognitive Impairments

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1888 - 1888

Published: Feb. 4, 2024

The process of aging is accompanied by a dynamic restructuring the immune response, phenomenon known as immunosenescence. Further, damage to endothelium can be both cause and consequence many diseases, especially in elderly people. purpose this study was carry out immunological biochemical profiling people with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI), prediabetes or newly diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus (DM), subcortical vascular dementia (SIVD). Socio-demographic, lifestyle, cognitive data were obtained. Biochemical, hematological, analyses carried out, extracellular vesicles (EVs) endothelial CD markers assessed. greatest number significant deviations from conditionally healthy donors (HDs) same age registered SIVD group, total 20, which 12 specific six non-specific but maximal differences (as compared other three groups) HDs group. for MOCA (Montreal Cognitive Impairment Scale), MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) life satisfaction self-assessment scores, decrease albumin levels, ADAMTS13 (a Disintegrin Metalloproteinase Thrombospondin Type 1 motif, member 13) activity, an increase VWF (von Willebrand factor) level. Considering changes parameters (mostly Th17-like cells) (CD144 CD34), repair impaired extent DM AIS patients showed HD controls, including These high NEFAs (non-esterified fatty acids) CD31 CD147 EVs. lowest CCCI nine total. There controls no specifics just one difference control parameters, α1-AGP (alpha acid glycoprotein, orosomucoid). Besides patients, impairments also complete absence such (SIVD group). On hand, microvascular seemed latter considering indicators ADAMTS13. In maximum response registered, mainly cells. reaction not pronounced groups may indicate initial stages and/or compensatory nature organic (remodeling). At time, indicated persistent remodeling microvessels, inflammation, anabolic function liver tissues. obtained support two interrelated assumptions. Taking into account primary factors that trigger pathological processes associated pathology related first assumption purine degradation skeletal muscle major factor production uric acid, followed its non-muscle cells, main are Another therapeutic levels progenitor cells have effect reducing risk cerebrovascular disease neurodegenerative diseases.

Language: Английский

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Metformin attenuates symptoms of osteoarthritis: role of genetic diversity of Bcl2 and CXCL16 in OA

Arthritis Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 7, 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of metformin versus placebo in overweight patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, assess effects inflammatory mediators and apoptotic proteins pathogenesis OA, genetic polymorphisms two genes, one related apoptosis (rs2279115 Bcl-2) other inflammation (rs2277680 CXCL-16), were investigated.In this double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, randomly divided groups, group receiving (n = 44) an identical inert for 4 consecutive months (starting dose 0.5 g/day first week, increase 1 second further 1.5 remaining period). Another healthy individuals 92) no history diagnosis OA included order role genetics OA. The outcome treatment regimen was evaluated using Knee Injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire. frequency variants rs2277680 (A181V) rs2279115 (938C>A) determined extracted DNAs PCR-RFLP method.Our results indicated scores pain (P ≤ 0.0001), activity daily living (ADL) sport recreation (Sport/Rec) quality life (QOL) 0.003) total KOOS questionnaire compared group. Susceptibility associated age, gender, family history, CC genotype 938C>A (Pa 0.001; OR 5.2; 95% CI 2.0-13.7), GG+GA genotypes A181V 0.04; 2.1; 1.1-10.5). C allele 2.2; 1.1-9.8) G 0.02; 1.1-4.8) also OA.Our findings support possible beneficial on improving pain, ADL, Sport/Rec, QOL patients. Our association between Bcl-2 CXCL-16

Language: Английский

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Caloric restriction mimetics improve gut microbiota: a promising neurotherapeutics approach for managing age-related neurodegenerative disorders

Biogerontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 899 - 922

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

The gut microbiota (GM) produces various molecules that regulate the physiological functionality of brain through gut-brain axis (GBA). Studies suggest alteration in GBA may lead to onset and progression neurological dysfunctions. Moreover, aging is one prominent causes contribute GBA. With age, GM undergoes a shift population size species microflora leading changes their secreted metabolites. These also hamper communications among HPA (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal), ENS (enteric nervous system), ANS (autonomic system). A therapeutic intervention has recently gained attention improving health maintaining communication between calorie restriction (CR), which plays critical role autophagy neurogenesis processes. However, its strict regime lifelong commitment pose challenges. need produce similar beneficial effects CR without having rigorous compliance. This led an exploration mimetics (CRMs) could mimic CR's functions limiting diet, providing long-term benefits. CRMs ensure efficient functioning bacteria metabolites i.e., short-chain fatty acids, bile neurotransmitters. particularly for elderly individuals, as deteriorates with age body's ability digest toxic accumulates declines. In this review, we have explored effect extending lifespan by enhancing on metabolite production, conditions, dysfunctions including neurodegenerative disorders.

Language: Английский

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus induces mitophagy to inhibit the apoptosis and activation of JAK/STAT1 pathway

Veterinary Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 303, P. 110427 - 110427

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Monitoring Autophagy in Human Aging: Key Cell Models and Insights

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 20, 2025

Autophagy, a key cellular degradation and recycling pathway, is critical for maintaining homeostasis responding to metabolic environmental stress. Evidence age-related autophagic dysfunction its implications in chronic diseases including neurodegeneration accumulating. However, as complex, multi-step process, autophagy can be challenging measure, particularly humans human aging- disease-relevant models. This review describes the links between macroautophagy, aging, diseases. We present three novel cell models, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), primary dermal fibroblasts (PDFs), induced neurons (iNs), which serve essential tools studying flux assessing potential biomarker aging. Unlike traditional these models retain age- disease-associated molecular signatures, enhancing their relevance studies. The development of robust methodologies measuring holds promise advancing our understanding autophagy’s role aging diseases, ultimately facilitating discovery therapies enhance health outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Aging Lung: Molecular Drivers and Impact on Respiratory Diseases—A Narrative Clinical Review

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1480 - 1480

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

The aging process significantly impacts lung physiology and is a major risk factor for chronic respiratory diseases, including obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic fibrosis (IPF), asthma, non-IPF interstitial fibrosis. This narrative clinical review explores the molecular biochemical hallmarks of aging, such as oxidative stress, telomere attrition, genomic instability, epigenetic modifications, proteostasis loss, impaired macroautophagy, their roles in senescence. Central to this are senescent cells, which, through senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), contribute inflammation tissue dysfunction. highlights parallels between pathophysiological changes emphasizing role cellular senescence onset progression. Despite promising research into modulating pathways with interventions like caloric restriction, mTOR inhibitors, SIRT1 activators, evidence efficacy reversing or preventing age-related diseases remains limited. Understanding interplay aging-related mechanisms environmental factors, smoking pollution, critical developing targeted therapies. underscores need future studies focusing on therapeutic strategies mitigate aging’s detrimental effects health improve outcomes patients conditions.

Language: Английский

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Low-Dose Naltrexone as a Potential Healthspan-Enhancing Intervention in a Normative Aging Cohort: Changes in Quality of Life and Immune Health Metrics

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) has been suggested to target the multiple hallmarks of aging and improve healthspan metrics in humans.However, date, no studies have evaluated LDNs potential as a gerotherapeutic.We collected real-world data utilizing short form 36 quality life (QoL) assay, immune status questionnaire, patient-reported health assessment evaluate effectiveness LDN for improving normative cohort still within their healthspan.Most participants taking ≥3 months (69.2%) had significant improvement mean QoL scores (29.9%).The largest improvements were observed categories energy fatigue, physical role limitations, emotional social functioning, pain.Participants also exhibited function (24.6%).Data from at ≥4 weeks (N = 5500) ≥10 1450) use revealed that majority reported pain, inflammation, mood.A healthspan-enhancing drug should demonstrate ability enhance individuals before age-related diseases disability arise, thereby extending period spent good health.We found 45% responders average above-average baseline scores, which increased 76.6% after treatment.Furthermore, 23.8% able discontinue other medications 10.5% avoiding planned clinical procedures.These suggest might play enhancing healthspan, warranting further research into its geroprotective effects.

Language: Английский

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