Short-chain fatty acids in diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Abstract Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre in gastrointestinal tract. The absorption SCFAs is mediated substrate transporters, such as monocarboxylate transporter 1 and sodium-coupled 1, which promote cellular metabolism. An increasing number studies have implicated microorganisms crucial executors diet-based microbial influence on host. important fuels for intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) represent a major carbon flux from diet, that decomposed gut microbiota. play vital role multiple molecular biological processes, promoting secretion glucagon-like peptide-1 IECs to inhibit elevation blood glucose, expression G protein-coupled receptors GPR41 GPR43, inhibiting histone deacetylases, participate regulation proliferation, differentiation, function IECs. affect motility, barrier function, host Furthermore, regulatory roles local, intermediate, peripheral metabolisms. Acetate, propionate, butyrate SCFAs, they involved immunity, apoptosis, inflammation, lipid Herein, we review diverse functional this class reflect their ability intestine, metabolic, other diseases.

Language: Английский

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Bacteria in cancer initiation, promotion and progression

Nature reviews. Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(9), P. 600 - 618

Published: July 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and colorectal cancer: Ready for clinical translation?

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 526, P. 225 - 235

Published: Nov. 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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Gut dysbiosis promotes prostate cancer progression and docetaxel resistance via activating NF-κB-IL6-STAT3 axis

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: June 16, 2022

Abstract Background The gut microbiota is reportedly involved in the progression and chemoresistance of various human malignancies. However, underlying mechanisms behind how it exerts some effect on prostate cancer, as an extra-intestinal tumor, a contact-independent way remain elusive deserve exploration. Antibiotic exposure, one factors affecting community capable causing dysbiosis, associated with multiple disorders. This study aims to preliminarily clarify link between dysbiosis cancer. Results First, we discovered that perturbing by consuming broad-spectrum antibiotics water promoted growth subcutaneous orthotopic tumors mice. Fecal transplantation could transmit antibiotic exposure tumor growth. Then, 16S rRNA sequencing for mouse feces indicated relative abundance Proteobacteria was significantly higher after exposure. Meanwhile, intratumoral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profoundly increased under elevation permeability. Both vivo vitro experiments revealed NF-κB-IL6-STAT3 axis activated LPS facilitated cancer proliferation docetaxel chemoresistance. Finally, patients’ fecal samples enriched patients metastatic positively correlated plasma IL6 level, regional lymph node metastasis status, distant status. receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed had better performance than prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level predicting probability (area ROC curve, 0.860; p < 0.001). Conclusion Collectively, this research demonstrated characterized enrichment due resulted permeability LPS, promoting development via Considering findings from patients, might act intestinal biomarker progressive

Language: Английский

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Chemical Compounds of Berry-Derived Polyphenols and Their Effects on Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Cancer

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(10), P. 3286 - 3286

Published: May 20, 2022

Berry-derived polyphenols are bioactive compounds synthesized and secreted by several berry fruits. These feature a diversity of chemical compounds, including phenolic acids flavonoids. Here, we report the beneficial health effects berry-derived their therapeutical application on gut-microbiota-related diseases, inflammation cancer. Pharmacokinetic investigations have confirmed absorption, availability, metabolism polyphenols. In vitro in vivo tests, as well clinical trials, showed that can positively modulate gut microbiota, inhibiting cancer development. Indeed, these inhibit growth pathogenic bacteria also promote bacteria. Moreover, exhibit therapeutic against different disorders such inflammation, cancer, metabolic disorders. manage via various mechanisms, particular inhibition transcriptional factor Nf-κB. shown remarkable types colorectal, breast, esophageal, prostate certain diabetes atherosclerosis were managed through mechanisms. data from berries promising source capable modulating intestinal therefore managing associated diseases. However, further should be carried out to determine mechanisms action polyphenol validate safety examinate uses.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and risk of five common cancers: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 10393 - 10405

Published: March 7, 2023

Previous studies have linked gut microbiota with cancer etiology, but the associations for specific are causal or owing to bias remain be elucidated.We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis assess effect of on risk. Five common cancers, including breast, endometrial, lung, ovarian, and prostate as well their subtypes (sample sizes ranging from 27,209 228,951) were included outcomes. Genetic information was obtained genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising 18,340 participants. In univariable MR (UVMR) analysis, inverse variance weighted (IVW) method conducted primary method, robust adjusted profile scores, median, Egger used supplementary methods inference. Sensitivity analyses Cochran Q test, intercept leave-one-out verify robustness results. Multivariable (MVMR) evaluate direct effects risk cancers.UVMR detected higher abundance genus Sellimonas predicted estrogen receptor-positive breast (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.05-1.14, p 2.01 × 10-5 ), class Alphaproteobacteria associated lower 0.84, 0.75-0.93, 1.11 10-3 ). found little evidence in current study. MVMR further confirmed that exerted cancer, while driven by factors cancer.Our implies involvement development, which provides novel potential target screening prevention, might an implication future functional analysis.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome and Prostate Cancer: A Novel Target for Prevention and Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 1511 - 1511

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Growing evidence of the microbiome’s role in human health and disease has emerged since creation Human Microbiome Project. Recent studies suggest that alterations microbiota composition (dysbiosis) may play an essential occurrence, development, prognosis prostate cancer (PCa), which remains second most frequent male malignancy worldwide. Current advances biological technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing, transcriptomics, metabolomics, have enabled research on gut, urinary, intra-prostate microbiome signature correlation with local systemic inflammation, host immunity response, PCa progression. Several microbial species their metabolites facilitate insurgence through genotoxin-mediated mutagenesis or by driving tumor-promoting inflammation dysfunctional immunosurveillance. However, impact progression, response to treatment is complex needs be fully understood. This review addresses current knowledge host–microbe interaction risk PCa, providing novel insights into intraprostatic, urinary mechanisms leading carcinogenesis response. In this paper, we provide a detailed overview diet changes, gut microbiome, emerging therapeutic approaches related PCa. Further investigation prostate-related large-scale clinical trials testing efficacy modulation improve patient outcomes while fulfilling literature gap microbial–immune–cancer-cell mechanistic interactions.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota modulate CD8 ⁺ T cell immunity in gastric cancer through Butyrate/GPR109A/HOPX

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

The gut microbiota and Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can influence the progression of diseases, yet role these factors on gastric cancer (GC) remains uncertain. In this work, analysis composition SCFA content in blood feces both healthy individuals GC patients indicated that significant reductions abundance intestinal bacteria involved production were observed compared with controls. ABX mice transplanted fecal from developed more tumors during induction had lower levels butyric acid. Supplementation butyrate along H. pylori N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) WT GPR109A−/−mice resulted fewer IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cells, but effect was significantly weakened after knockout GPR109A. Furthermore, vitro cells co-cultured or CAR-Claudin 18.2+ as well vivo tumor-bearing studies, have enhanced killing function against through G protein-coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A) homologous domain protein box (HOPX). Together, data highlighted restoration microbial cell cytotoxicity via GPR109A/HOPX, thus inhibiting carcinogenesis, which suggests a novel theoretical foundation for management GC.

Language: Английский

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Intratumor microbiome-derived butyrate promotes lung cancer metastasis

Cell Reports Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 101488 - 101488

Published: April 1, 2024

Most recurrences of lung cancer (LC) occur within 3 years after surgery, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we collect LC tissues with shorter (<3 years, recurrence group) and longer (>3 non-recurrence recurrence-free survival. By using 16S sequencing, find that intratumor microbiome diversity is lower in group butyrate-producing bacteria are enriched group. The signature circulating DNA can accurately predict recurrence. We prove injection Roseburia promote subcutaneous tumor growth. Mechanistically, bacteria-derived butyrate promotes metastasis by increasing expression H19 cells through inhibiting HDAC2 H3K27 acetylation at promoter inducing M2 macrophage polarization. Depletion macrophages partially abolishes metastasis-promoting effect butyrate. Our results provide evidence for cross-talk between suggest potential prognostic therapeutic value microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Short‐chain fatty acids: bridges between diet, gut microbiota, and health

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(9), P. 1728 - 1736

Published: May 23, 2024

In recent years, gut microbiota has become a hot topic in the fields of medicine and life sciences. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), main metabolites produced by microbial fermentation dietary fiber, play vital role healthy ill hosts. SCFAs regulate process metabolism, immune, inflammation have therapeutic effects on gastrointestinal neurological disorders, as well antitumor properties. This review summarized production, distribution, molecular mechanism SCFAs, their mechanisms action addition, we also emphasized negative aiming to provide public with more comprehensive understanding SCFAs.

Language: Английский

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