Comparison of bovine milk fat and vegetable fat for infant formula: Implications for infant health

International Dairy Journal, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 92, P. 37 - 49

Published: Jan. 25, 2019

Language: Английский

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Breast Milk Lipids and Fatty Acids in Regulating Neonatal Intestinal Development and Protecting against Intestinal Injury

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 534 - 534

Published: Feb. 19, 2020

Human breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for infant growth and development. Breast fats their downstream derivatives fatty acids acid-derived terminal mediators not only provide an energy but also are important regulators development, immune function, metabolism. The composition lipids determines nutritional physicochemical properties human fat. Essential acids, including long-chain polyunsaturated (LCPUFAs) specialized pro-resolving mediators, critical growth, organogenesis, regulation inflammation. Combined data in vitro, vivo, cohort studies support beneficial effects intestinal development reducing risk injury. has been shown to reduce occurrence necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a common gastrointestinal disease preterm infants. Preterm infants fed less likely develop NEC compared receiving formula. Intestinal its physiological functions highly adaptive changes status influencing susceptibility towards injury response pathological challenges. In this review, we focus on present impact neonatal gut disease.

Language: Английский

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Should formula for infants provide arachidonic acid along with DHA? A position paper of the European Academy of Paediatrics and the Child Health Foundation

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 111(1), P. 10 - 16

Published: Oct. 8, 2019

Language: Английский

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Breast milk alkylglycerols sustain beige adipocytes through adipose tissue macrophages

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 129(6), P. 2485 - 2499

Published: May 12, 2019

Prevalence of obesity among infants and children below 5 years age is rising dramatically, early childhood a forerunner obesity-associated diseases in adulthood. Childhood hence one the most serious public health challenges today. Here, we have identified mother-to-child lipid signaling that protects from obesity. We found breast milk-specific species, so-called alkylglycerol-type (AKG-type) ether lipids, which are absent infant formula adult-type diets, maintain beige adipose tissue (BeAT) impede transformation BeAT into lipid-storing white (WAT). Breast milk AKGs metabolized by macrophages (ATMs) to platelet-activating factor (PAF), ultimately activates IL-6/STAT3 adipocytes triggers development infant. Accordingly, lack AKG intake infancy leads premature loss increases fat accumulation. specific for inactivated However, obese tissue, ATMs regain their ability metabolize AKGs, reduces In summary, signals essential healthy development.

Language: Английский

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Current trends in applications of enzymatic interesterification of fats and oils: A review

LWT, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 109880 - 109880

Published: July 22, 2020

Language: Английский

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Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as Neuroprotective Nutrients throughout the Life Cycle

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 986 - 986

Published: March 18, 2021

The role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic (AA) in neurogenesis brain development throughout the life cycle is fundamental. DHA AA are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) vital for many human physiological processes, such as signaling pathways, gene expression, structure function membranes, among others. deposited into lipids cell membranes that form gray matter representing approximately 25% total content acids. Both have effects on neuronal growth differentiation through modulation physical properties signal transduction associated with G proteins, expression. a relevant neuroprotection against neurodegenerative pathologies Alzheimer's disease Parkinson's disease, which characteristic pathological expressions mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress. present review analyzes neuroprotective extreme stages life, emphasizing importance these LCPUFA during first year developing/prevention diseases aging.

Language: Английский

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FADS1 and FADS2 Polymorphisms Modulate Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dietary Impact on Health

Annual Review of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 21 - 44

Published: Aug. 21, 2019

Variants in the FADS gene cluster modify activity of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) desaturation and lipid composition human blood tissue. variants have been associated with plasma concentrations, risk cardiovascular diseases, overweight, eczema, pregnancy outcomes, cognitive function. Studies on variations genecluster provided some first examples for marked gene–diet interactions modulating complex phenotypes, such as asthma, cognition. Genotype distribution differs markedly among ethnicities, apparently reflecting an evolutionary advantage genotypes enabling active long-chain PUFA synthesis when introduction agriculture diets rich linoleic but little arachidonic eicosapentaenoic acids. Discovering differential effects supply that depend variation could open new opportunities developing precision nutrition strategies based either individual's genotype or distributions specific populations.

Language: Английский

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Phospholipid Composition and Fat Globule Structure I: Comparison of Human Milk Fat from Different Gestational Ages, Lactation Stages, and Infant Formulas

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 67(50), P. 13922 - 13928

Published: Nov. 20, 2019

We compared phospholipids (PLs), PL fatty acid (FA) composition, and milk fat globule size structure in human (n = 120) from mothers of full-term preterm infants during lactation (colostrum, transition, 1 mo, 2 3 mo) 8 brands infant formulas. The absolute quantification PLs was analyzed using 31P NMR spectroscopy. Sphingomyelin the dominant (35.01 ± 3.31%) milk, whereas phosphatidylcholine phosphatidylethanolamine were content increased lactation, that term remained stable. Saturated FAs (mainly 16:0 18:0) most abundant (>60%) FA both throughout lactation. mean diameter globules formulas much smaller than found (200 nm vs 5.63 μm). Significant differences observed between with regard to PLs, suggesting more research is needed mimic profile

Language: Английский

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Human milk fatty acid profile across lactational stages after term and preterm delivery: A pooled data analysis

Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 102023 - 102023

Published: Oct. 16, 2019

BackgroundLipids in human milk (HM) provide the majority of energy for developing infants, as well crucial essential fatty acids (FA). The FA composition HM is highly variable and influenced by multiple factors. We sought to increase understanding variation HMFA profiles their development over course lactation, after term preterm delivery, using a pooled data analysis.ObjectiveTo review literature perform analysis qualitatively describe an extensive profile (36 FAs) colostrum, transitional - mature up 60 days postpartum.DesignA Medline search was conducted following or delivery. confined English language papers published between January 1980 August 2018. Studies reporting original data, from healthy mothers were included. Weighted least squares (WLS) means calculated random fixed effect models.ResultsOur included 55 studies worldwide, total 4374 samples 1017 samples, providing WLS 36 FAs. Patterns both apparent throughout lactation some FAs: most abundant FAs (palmitic, linoleic oleic acid) remained stable time, whereas several long-chain polyunsaturated (including ARA DHA) seemed decrease short- medium-chain increased time.ConclusionsHigh heterogeneity individual observed reported levels FAs, other remarkably consistent studies. Our suggests that specific categories fluctuate according distinct patterns lactation; many these are comparable milk.

Language: Английский

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Bioactive Compounds in Infant Formula and Their Effects on Infant Nutrition and Health: A Systematic Literature Review

International Journal of Food Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021, P. 1 - 31

Published: May 14, 2021

Infant formulas are an alternative to replace or supplement human milk when breastfeeding is not possible. The knowledge of milk’s bioactive compounds and their beneficial effects has attracted the interest researchers in field infant nutrition, as well technology food sciences that seek improve nutritional characteristics formulas. Several scientific studies evaluate optimization formula composition. compound inclusion been used upgrade quality nutrition In this context, purpose systematic literature review assess evidence present (α-lactalbumin, lactoferrin, taurine, fat globule membrane, folates, polyamines, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, prebiotics, probiotics) on health. Through previously determined criteria, published last fifteen years from five different databases were included identify advances Over few years, there composition, only increase similarities content macro micronutrients but also include novel ingredients with potential health benefits for infants. Although industry advanced no consensus whether added have same functional found milk. Thus, further about impact fundamental

Language: Английский

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