How does oxytocin modulate human behavior?

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Toward effective oxytocin interventions in autism: Overcoming challenges and harnessing opportunities

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Intranasal administration of oxytocin is emerging as a potential pharmacological option for mitigating social difficulties and regulating stress in autism spectrum disorder. However, initial single-dose multiple-dose trials showed mixed results, with some demonstrating improvements repetitive behavior others showing no benefit over placebo. This perspective aims to elucidate factors contributing this variability highlight pitfalls opportunities the field. We identified two major factors: design-related elements individual participant characteristics. Pertaining elements, optimal dosing regimens have yet be established, but appear favor moderate intervention durations (i.e., 4-6 weeks) intermittent intermediate 24-32 IU every other day). Also, context seems crucial, enhanced outcomes are mainly observed when paired socially stimulating supporting environment. In addition, more adequate outcome measures established effectively assess oxytocin's impact, including behavioral scales objective biophysiological markers tapping into neurophysiological regulation. Future research should also account differences biological sex, developmental stage cognitive adaptive functioning, incorporate (epi)genetic screening identify responders. Overall, refining study designs personalizing protocols essential optimizing prosocial anxiolytic effect autism.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Intranasal Administration of Oxytocin and Vasopressin on Social Cognition and Potential Routes and Mechanisms of Action

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 323 - 323

Published: Jan. 29, 2022

Acute and chronic administration of intranasal oxytocin vasopressin have been extensively utilized in both animal models human preclinical clinical studies over the last few decades to modulate various aspects social cognition their underlying neural mechanisms, although effects are not always consistent. The use an route is largely driven by evidence that it permits neuropeptides penetrate directly into brain circumventing blood-brain barrier, which has considered relatively impermeable them. However, this interpretation subject considerable debate. In review, we will focus on research humans, investigates different potential routes via these intranasally administered may be producing cognition. We also consider contribution methods application additionally importance dose magnitude frequency for influencing G protein-coupled receptor signaling subsequent functional outcomes. Overall, conclude while some domain result from direct penetration following administration, others contributed either entering peripheral circulation crossing barrier and/or vagal stimulation receptors. Furthermore, complicate matters, differ, can produce very outcomes therefore need optimized desired effects.

Language: Английский

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Can repeated intranasal oxytocin administration affect reduced neural sensitivity towards expressive faces in autism? A randomized controlled trial

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64(11), P. 1583 - 1595

Published: June 6, 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties in social communication and interaction. Crucial for efficient interaction the ability to quickly accurately extract information from person's face. Frequency-tagging electroencephalography (EEG) novel tool quantify face-processing sensitivity robust implicit manner. In terms of intervention approaches, intranasal administration oxytocin (OT) increasingly considered as potential pharmacological approach improving socio-communicative ASD, through enhancing salience and/or reducing (social) stress anxiety.In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, mechanistic pharmaco-neuroimaging clinical trial, we implemented frequency-tagging EEG conduct an exploratory investigation into impact repeated OT (4 weeks, 12 IU, twice daily) on neural towards happy fearful facial expressions children with ASD (8-12 years old; OT: n = 29; placebo: 32). Neural effects were assessed at baseline, post-nasal spray (24 hr after last nasal spray) follow-up session, 4 weeks period. At assessments compared those age- gender-matched cohort neurotypical (NT) (n 39).Children demonstrated reduced expressive faces, NT children. Upon administration, displayed significant increase post- sessions, but only placebo group, likely reflecting learning effect. Strikingly, remained unaffected baseline post-session, dampening otherwise typically occurring effect.First, validated robustness assess faces ASD. Furthermore, contrast observed single-dose administrations, dampened sensitivity. line OT's anxiolytic account, these observations possibly reflect predominant regulatory effect emotionally evocative administration.

Language: Английский

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Sex and hormonal status influence the anxiolytic-like effect of oxytocin in mice

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26, P. 100567 - 100567

Published: Aug. 26, 2023

Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent psychiatric disorders, affecting approximately 18% of the United States population. Evidence indicates that central oxytocin mediates social cognition, bonding, anxiety. Although it is well-established ameliorates deficits, less known about therapeutic effects in non-social contexts. We hypothesized positive contexts attributable to intrinsic on neural systems related emotion regulation. The present study investigated effect intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration (i.e., action) anxiety- depression-like behavior C57Bl/6J mice using tests. Male female received an ICV infusion vehicle or (100, 200, 500 ng), then were tested elevated zero maze (for anxiety-like behavior) tail suspension test behavior). Oxytocin dose-dependently increased open zone occupancy entries reduced immobility duration both sexes. decreased anxiety male mice. observed anxiolytic-like appeared be driven by males. Given smaller established interaction between reproductive hormones (estrogen progesterone), we also explored whether sensitivity females varies across estrous cycle phases ovariectomized not supplemented with estrogen progesterone. proestrus/estrus, (supplemented but metestrus/diestrus. Additionally, all groups slight differences various hormonal statuses. These results suggest depression- can influenced sex status.

Language: Английский

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Chronic Loneliness: Neurocognitive Mechanisms and Interventions

Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 91(4), P. 227 - 237

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Oral Administration of Oxytocin, Like Intranasal Administration, Decreases Top-Down Social Attention

The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 912 - 923

Published: Sept. 2, 2022

The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) modulates social cognition by increasing attention to cues and may have therapeutic potential for impaired in conditions such as autism spectrum disorder. Intranasal administration of OXT is widely used examine the drug's functional effects both adults children assumed enter brain directly via this route. However, can also influence function through increased blood concentrations, we recently shown that orally (lingual) administered neural responses emotional faces be better tolerated use. Here, whether 24 IU facilitate attention.In a randomized, placebo-controlled pharmacologic study, validated antisaccade eye-tracking paradigm explore oral on bottom-up top-down processing 80 healthy male participants.Our findings showed terms attention, errors (angry, fearful, happy, sad, neutral emotion faces) nonsocial stimuli (oval shapes) condition but response latencies only condition. It significantly reduced post-task state anxiety, reduction was not correlated with task performance. A comparison our previous intranasal study using same revealed routes similar effect reducing anxiety.Overall, suggest produces control anxiety therefore utility.

Language: Английский

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Oxytocin enhances creativity specifically in approach-motivated individuals

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Oxytocin (OT), a neuropeptide pivotal in social and reproductive behaviors, has recently gained attention for its potential impact on cognitive processes relevant to creativity. Yet, the direct intricate interplay between OT creativity, particularly context of individual differences motivational orientations, remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated effects intranasal creative thinking individuals characterized by varying levels approach avoidance motivations. The initial study, involving participants with high or motivation, employed Alternative Uses Task assess creativity under administration. Subsequently, second study induced different states through recall task, aiming validate extend observed effects. Results revealed significant enhancement motivation following administration, while no parallel effect was discerned those motivation. Aligning behavioral findings, functional connectivity graph theory analyses neural data illuminated coordinated creativity-related networks. These outcomes collectively suggest that exerts dissociable influence contingent upon an individual's tendencies, providing insights into relationship human behavior.

Language: Английский

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Optimal dose of oxytocin to improve social impairments and repetitive behaviors in autism spectrum disorders: meta-analysis and dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Introduction Social impairments and repetitive behaviors are at the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Intranasal administration neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) is a promising treatment. However, there have been inconsistencies in effects OXT on social behaviors. Methods A comprehensive search PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web Science was conducted to gather randomized controlled trials (RCTs) efficacy patients diagnosed with ASD up 11/06/2024. The outcomes were measured by total Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores Repetitive Behavior (RBS). Results This meta-analysis ultimately included 12 RCTs 498 patients. In an initial analysis, intranasal showed no significant effect impairments. For high dose 48 IU per day, beneficial found. According dose–response meta-analysis, results indicated that higher doses might be more effective for Depending behaviors, overall analysis effect, while over day revealed suggested could Discussion Although these findings show consistent effects, suggest may ASD. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero , identifier CRD42024567213.

Language: Английский

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Is oxytocin related to psychiatric symptoms in adolescents with obesity?

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

Abstract Objectives We aimed to investigate the relation of oxytocin receptor ( OXTR ) gene variants rs53576 and rs2254298 serum (OXT) levels with psychiatric symptoms in healthy adolescents obesity. Methods A total 250 obesity were included this study. Attachment properties, anxiety, depression evaluated self-reports while diagnoses ascertained KIDDIE-SADS-PL Turkish version. Serum OXT level was studied ELISA method, by quantitative polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. Results significantly lower than controls. Self-reported anxiety elevated, especially female obesity, whereas parent/peer attachment lower. The G/G genotype found be more prevalent among obese youth. About 29.2 % youth diagnosed psychopathology, depression. polymorphisms not related self-reported symptoms, attachment, presence psychopathology. Conclusions Further studies should evaluate roles other constructs (e.g., early adversity, parenting, social supports, coping, temperament, etc.) discern parent–child synchrony elucidating relationships between OXT, pediatric

Language: Английский

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