Reducing Cardiovascular Risk in HIV: The Unseen Impact of Visceral Fat DOI Creative Commons
Eleanor Roberts

Microbiology & infectious diseases :, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

While modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people with HIV (PWH) increases life expectancy, there is still an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in this population. As one factor associated excess visceral abdominal fat (EVAF), the Visceral Adiposity Measurement and Observations Study (VAMOS) aimed to assess impact EVAF on CVD PWH taking ART. Participants were grouped according adipose tissue (VAT) surface area <130 cm2 (non-EVAF group) or ≥130 (EVAF group), quantified by CT scan. Findings presented at IDWeek 2024 revealed significant differences between non-EVAF groups 10-year atherosclerotic (ASCVD) score, as well many their individual components. VAMOS also showed correlations increasing VAT ASCVD score insulin resistance measures. Accordingly, may represent a targetable reduce risk. Also shown was inverse relationship growth hormone (GH) levels area. GH reductions related obesity are elevated risk, consequently score. Analysis two Phase III trials GH-releasing (GHRH) analogue tesamorelin, which can significantly PWH, 2024. A overall trend reduction tesamorelin-treated participants, around half already lipid lowering therapies. This suggests benefit targeting reducing further

Language: Английский

Cardiovascular disease risk in people of African ancestry with HIV in the United Kingdom DOI Creative Commons
Stephanie Q Ko, Lourdes Domínguez, Zoë Ottaway

et al.

HIV Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 1289 - 1297

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Abstract Objectives Our objective was to describe the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in people African ancestry with HIV UK. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis CVD Black aged ≥40 years and estimated 10‐year using QRISK®3‐2018. Correlations between body mass index (BMI) were described Pearson correlation coefficients, associated ≥5% logistic regression. Results included 833 median age 54 years; 54% female, 50% living obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 ), 61% had hypertension, 19% diabetes mellitus. >5% ranged from 2% female participants 40–49 99% men ≥60 years, use statins 7% those <2.5% 64% ≥20%. BMI correlated ( R 0.1–0.2) triglycerides diastolic blood pressure women glycated haemoglobin, systolic pressure, total:high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio men. In both male participants, older age, mellitus, kidney strongly ≥5%, whereas obesity, total:HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, smoking status variably ≥5%. Conclusions report high burden factors, including BMI‐focused interventions these populations may improve while also addressing other important health issues.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
HIV Protein Nef Induces Cardiomyopathy Through Induction of Bcl2 and p21 DOI Open Access

Olena Kondrachuk,

Pierce Ciccone,

Nicole D. Ford

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(21), P. 11401 - 11401

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

HIV-associated cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of death in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Although antiretroviral drugs suppress the viral load, they fail to remove virus entirely. HIV-1 Nef protein is known play role virulence and HIV latency. Expression can be detected different organs, including cardiac tissue. Despite established replication, its impact on organ function inside human body not clear. To understand effect at level, we created new Nef-transgenic (Nef-TG) mouse that expresses heart. Our study found expression caused inhibition pathological changes heart increased fibrosis, failure early mortality. Further, cellular autophagy significantly inhibited tissue Nef-TG mice. Mechanistically, causes accumulation Bcl2 Beclin-1 proteins tissue, which may affect system. Additionally, upregulation senescence marker p21 senescence-associated β-galactosidase expression. findings suggest Nef-mediated induction markers promote aging PLWHA. model could help us during latent infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
HIV and Cardiovascular Disease DOI
Jeremiah Afolabi, Annet Kirabo

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 134(11), P. 1512 - 1514

Published: May 23, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Cardiovascular prevention: Statins and beyond–A message from the editors of the special issue of HIV medicine DOI
Laura Waters, Estebán Martínez

HIV Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Viral intruders in the heart: A review of RNA viruses and their role in cardiac disorders DOI
Shahram Jalilian, Mona Vasei, Ashkan Garshasbi

et al.

Apmis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Viral cardiac diseases have a significant impact on global health, and RNA viruses play crucial role in their pathogenesis. This literature review aims to provide comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between diseases, focusing molecular processes clinical implications these interactions. The paper begins by discussing various that been linked infections. Subsequently, study explores mechanisms through which can cause injury, including direct viral invasion, immune‐mediated responses, mimicry. extensively examines intricate interplay host immune system viruses, shedding light both protective harmful responses. Additionally, it investigates persistence chronic inflammation long‐term effects health. thorough analysis presented not only enhances our scientific how contribute development but also highlights potential avenues for future research breakthroughs this field. Given health threat posed disorders, unraveling foundations is essential advancing diagnostic capabilities therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Promotion of Cardiovascular Health in Africa DOI Creative Commons
Mame Madjiguène Ka,

Ndiaga Matar Gaye,

Dzifa Ahadzi

et al.

JACC Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(12), P. 101376 - 101376

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

This proposed scientific statement is focused on providing new insights regarding challenges and opportunities for cardiovascular health (CVH) promotion in Africa. The includes an overview of the current state CVH Africa, with a particular interest cardiometabolic risk factors their evaluation through metrics. also explains main principles primordial prevention, its relevance reducing noncommunicable disease different strategies that have been effective worldwide. Also, addresses implementing prevention such as socioeconomic, cultural, lifestyle, environmental factors, highlights importance adapting to context. Finally, recommends fundamental approaches promoting help various partnerships involvement communities.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Reducing Cardiovascular Risk in HIV: The Unseen Impact of Visceral Fat DOI Creative Commons
Eleanor Roberts

Microbiology & infectious diseases :, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

While modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people with HIV (PWH) increases life expectancy, there is still an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in this population. As one factor associated excess visceral abdominal fat (EVAF), the Visceral Adiposity Measurement and Observations Study (VAMOS) aimed to assess impact EVAF on CVD PWH taking ART. Participants were grouped according adipose tissue (VAT) surface area <130 cm2 (non-EVAF group) or ≥130 (EVAF group), quantified by CT scan. Findings presented at IDWeek 2024 revealed significant differences between non-EVAF groups 10-year atherosclerotic (ASCVD) score, as well many their individual components. VAMOS also showed correlations increasing VAT ASCVD score insulin resistance measures. Accordingly, may represent a targetable reduce risk. Also shown was inverse relationship growth hormone (GH) levels area. GH reductions related obesity are elevated risk, consequently score. Analysis two Phase III trials GH-releasing (GHRH) analogue tesamorelin, which can significantly PWH, 2024. A overall trend reduction tesamorelin-treated participants, around half already lipid lowering therapies. This suggests benefit targeting reducing further

Language: Английский

Citations

0