The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood flow, precipitating mass reduction seen in sarcopenia the neuronal functions characteristic neurodegeneration. Our limited understanding intricate relationships within this hinders accurate diagnosis effective treatment strategies. This review ana-lyzes interrelated mechanisms contribute to these conditions, with a specific focus on ox-idative stress, chronic inflammation, impaired nutrient delivery. aim is understand common pathways involved suggest comprehensive therapeutic approaches. dysfunctions hinder circulation transportation nutrients, resulting sar-copenia characterized by atrophy weakness. dysfunction have negative physical function quality life. Neurodegenerative diseases exhibit comparable pathophysiological affect motor functions. Preventive approaches encompass lifestyle adjustments, addressing oxidative in-flammation, integrated therapies improving muscular well-being. Better links can refine strategies yield better patient out-comes. study emphasizes complex interplay between dysfunction, de-generation, decline, highlighting necessity for multidisciplinary ap-proaches. Advances domain promise improved diagnostic accuracy, more thera-peutic options, enhanced preventive measures, all contributing higher life elderly population.

Language: Английский

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Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 9, 2024

Background Plasma biomarkers are preferable to invasive and expensive diagnostic tools, such as neuroimaging lumbar puncture that gold standard in the clinical management of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here, we investigated plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) Phosphorylated-tau-181 (pTau 181) AD its early stages: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) Mild impairment (MCI). Material methods This study included 152 patients (42 SCD, 74 MCI 36 AD). All underwent comprehensive neurological assessment. Blood samples were collected for Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping biomarker (GFAP, NfL, pTau measurements. Forty-three (7 27 MCI, 9 AD) a follow-up (FU) visit after 2 years, second sample was collected. levels detected using Simoa SR-X technology (Quanterix Corp.). Statistical analysis performed SPSS software version 28 (IBM Statistics). significance set at p < 0.05. Results GFAP, NfL 181 lower SCD than patients. In particular, GFAP statistically significant different between ( =0.003), =0.032). vs =0.026), <0.001), FU p=0.033 ), p=0.011 =0.002), =0.003) =0.003). concentration significantly =0.001), =0.020). APOE ϵ4 carriers, increase p<0.001 ) found p=0.014). Moreover, an association emerged age disease onset (p = 0.021) pTau181 0.001) levels. Discussion conclusions promising diagnosis prodromic stages prognosis dementia.

Language: Английский

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Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline: Critical Age-Related Conditions

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 2096 - 2096

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood flow, precipitating the mass reduction seen in sarcopenia neuronal function characteristic neurodegeneration. Our limited understanding intricate relationships within this hinders accurate diagnosis effective treatment strategies. This review analyzes interrelated mechanisms contribute to these conditions, with a specific focus on oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, impaired nutrient delivery. aim is understand common pathways involved suggest comprehensive therapeutic approaches. dysfunctions hinder circulation transportation nutrients, resulting characterized by atrophy weakness. dysfunction have negative physical quality life. Neurodegenerative diseases exhibit comparable pathophysiological affect motor functions. Preventive approaches encompass lifestyle adjustments, addressing integrated therapies improving muscular well-being. Better links can refine strategies yield better patient outcomes. study emphasizes complex interplay between dysfunction, degeneration, decline, highlighting necessity for multidisciplinary Advances domain promise improved diagnostic accuracy, more options, enhanced preventive measures, all contributing higher life elderly population.

Language: Английский

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White matter injury, plasma Alzheimer's disease, and neurodegenerative biomarkers on cognitive decline in community‐dwelling older adults: A 10‐year longitudinal study

Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate the synergistic impact of white matter injury, Alzheimer's disease, and neurodegenerative pathology on long‐term cognitive decline dementia risk in older adults. METHODS We included 262 dementia‐free participants with baseline follow‐up interviews (2010–2021). At baseline, peak width skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) was assessed from diffusion tensor imaging. Plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (p‐tau217) neurofilament light chain (NfL) were measured using a single‐molecule immune‐array assay. Cognitive function evaluated Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) domain‐specific tests. RESULTS Participants high‐level PSMD, p‐tau217, NfL showed fastest MMSE (β = −0.30) highest incidence 3.54/100 person‐years. A combination model three markers demonstrated good predictive value for dementia, incorporating age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E (area under curve 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.86, 0.99). DISCUSSION Combining co‐pathology may identify individuals high decline. Highlights Peak correlated decline, this correlation modified by plasma (p‐tau)217 (NfL). levels dementia. exhibited incident over 10‐year period.

Language: Английский

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Elevated plasma neurofilament light was associated with multi-modal neuroimaging features in Alzheimer’s disease signature regions and predicted future tau deposition

BMC Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: July 6, 2024

Abstract Background Neurofilament Light (NfL) is a biomarker for early neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aims to examine the association between plasma NfL and multi-modal neuroimaging features across AD spectrum whether predicts future tau deposition. Methods The present recruited 517 participants comprising Aβ negative cognitively normal (CN-) (n = 135), positive (CN +) ( n 64), individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) 212), those diagnosed dementia 106). All underwent examinations. Cross-sectional longitudinal associations neuro-imaging were evaluated using partial correlation analysis linear mixed effects models. We also used regression investigate of baseline PET load. Mediation was explore effect on cognition mediated by these imaging biomarkers. Results results showed that levels rate change associated deposition, brain atrophy, connectome, glucose metabolism, perfusion signature regions P <0.05). In both CN MCI participants, significant predictive value elevating burden left medial orbitofrontal cortex para-hippocampus (β 0.336, 0.032; β 0.313, 0.047). Lastly, performance. Conclusions supports AD-vulnerable its

Language: Английский

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