Chronic
pain
is
a
prevalent
and
debilitating
condition
whose
neural
mechanisms
are
incompletely
understood.
An
imbalance
of
cerebral
excitation
inhibition
(E/I),
particularly
in
the
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC),
believed
to
represent
crucial
mechanism
development
maintenance
chronic
pain.
Thus,
identifying
non-invasive,
scalable
marker
E/I
could
provide
valuable
insights
into
aid
developing
clinically
useful
biomarkers.
Recently,
aperiodic
component
electroencephalography
(EEG)
power
spectrum
has
been
proposed
non-invasive
proxy
for
E/I.
We,
therefore,
assessed
mPFC
resting-state
EEG
recordings
149
people
with
115
healthy
participants.
We
found
robust
evidence
against
differences
between
participants,
no
correlation
intensity.
These
findings
were
consistent
across
different
subtypes
similarly
whole-brain
analysis.
Their
robustness
was
supported
by
preregistration
multiverse
analyses
many
methodological
choices.
Together,
our
results
suggest
that
does
not
differentiate
individuals.
rigorous
approach
can
guide
future
studies
investigating
markers
dysfunction
beyond.
NeuroImage,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
295, P. 120636 - 120636
Published: May 21, 2024
Diversity
in
brain
health
is
influenced
by
individual
differences
demographics
and
cognition.
However,
most
studies
on
diseases
have
typically
controlled
for
these
factors
rather
than
explored
their
potential
to
predict
signals.
Here,
we
assessed
the
role
of
(age,
sex,
education;
n
=
1,298)
cognition
(n
725)
as
predictors
different
metrics
usually
used
case-control
studies.
These
included
power
spectrum
aperiodic
(1/f
slope,
knee,
offset)
metrics,
well
complexity
(fractal
dimension
estimation,
permutation
entropy,
Wiener
spectral
structure
variability)
connectivity
(graph-theoretic
mutual
information,
conditional
organizational
information)
from
source
space
resting-state
EEG
activity
a
diverse
sample
global
south
north
populations.
Brain-phenotype
models
were
computed
using
reflecting
local
(power
components)
dynamics
interactions
(complexity
graph-theoretic
measures).
Electrophysiological
modulated
despite
varied
methods
data
acquisition
assessments
across
multiple
centers,
indicating
that
results
unlikely
be
accounted
methodological
discrepancies.
Variations
signals
mainly
age
cognition,
while
education
sex
exhibited
less
importance.
Power
measures
sensitive
capturing
differences.
Older
age,
poorer
being
male
associated
with
reduced
alpha
power,
whereas
older
network
integration
segregation.
Findings
suggest
basic
impact
core
function
are
standard
Considering
variability
diversity
settings
would
contribute
more
tailored
understanding
function.
Pain,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 11, 2025
Abstract
Pain
perception
varies
considerably
between
and
within
individuals.
How
the
brain
determines
these
variations
has
yet
to
be
fully
understood.
The
peak
frequency
of
alpha
oscillations
recently
been
shown
predict
an
individual's
sensitivity
longer-lasting
experimental
clinical
pain.
Peak
(PAF)
is,
thus,
discussed
as
a
potential
biomarker
novel
target
for
neuromodulatory
treatments
Here,
we
scrutinized
generalizability
relation
PAF
We
applied
brief
painful
laser
stimuli
159
healthy
participants
related
interindividual
intraindividual
pain
measured
with
electroencephalography.
Comprehensive
multiverse
analyses
replicated
across
2
sessions
did
not
provide
consistent
evidence
predictive
role
This
indicates
that
relationship
does
generalize
all
types
calls
systematic
exploration
PAF,
perception,
other
neuropsychiatric
symptoms.
Such
explorations
help
understand
prospects
limits
biomarkers
might
guide
future
research
on
disorders.
EXPLORE,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
21(2), P. 103114 - 103114
Published: Jan. 11, 2025
Just
as
the
brain
of
Albert
Einstein
is
studied
in
an
attempt
to
understand
human
intelligence
or
bodies
elite
athletes
are
examined
improve
muscle
strength,
study
people
who
claim
have
spiritual
experiences
could
enrich
investigation
brain-mind
relationship.
Although
mediumship
with
deceased
widely
extensively
experiences,
we
explored
a
mediumistic
experience
called
"channeling"
where
individual
connects
non-corporeal
(NCI)
source.
To
approach
this
kind
experience,
considered
three
hypotheses:
fraud
hypothesis
(i),
mental
pathology
(ii),
and
extrasensory
perception
(iii).
In
single
case
study,
participant
was
well-known
channeler
nearly
decades
connecting
NCIs.
Given
EEG
results,
rejected
hypothesis,
felt
needed
more
information
conclude
hypothesis.
The
present
single-case
may
help
researchers
design
follow-up
rigorous
protocols
for
channeling
studies,
which
contribute
better
understanding
during
experiences.
Chronic
pain
is
a
prevalent
and
debilitating
condition
whose
neural
mechanisms
are
incompletely
understood.
An
imbalance
of
cerebral
excitation
inhibition
(E/I),
particularly
in
the
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC),
believed
to
represent
crucial
mechanism
development
maintenance
chronic
pain.
Thus,
identifying
non-invasive,
scalable
marker
E/I
could
provide
valuable
insights
into
aid
developing
clinically
useful
biomarkers.
Recently,
aperiodic
component
electroencephalography
(EEG)
power
spectrum
has
been
proposed
non-invasive
proxy
for
E/I.
We,
therefore,
assessed
mPFC
resting-state
EEG
recordings
149
people
with
115
healthy
participants.
We
found
robust
evidence
against
differences
between
participants,
no
correlation
intensity.
These
findings
were
consistent
across
different
subtypes
similarly
whole-brain
analysis.
Their
robustness
was
supported
by
preregistration
multiverse
analyses
many
methodological
choices.
Together,
our
results
suggest
that
does
not
differentiate
individuals.
rigorous
approach
can
guide
future
studies
investigating
markers
dysfunction
beyond.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Jan. 17, 2025
Many
theories
of
time
perception
propose
the
existence
an
internal
pacemaker,
and
studies
across
behavioral,
physiological,
neuroscience
fields
have
explored
this
concept.
Specifically,
Spontaneous
Motor
Tempo
(SMT),
most
comfortable
natural
tapping
tempo
for
each
individual,
is
thought
to
reflect
pacemaker's
tempo.
Changes
in
heart
rate
are
also
linked
estimation,
while
Individual
Alpha
Frequency
(IAF),
peak
alpha
range
(8-13
Hz)
observed
EEG,
reported
brain's
temporal
processing.
Despite
associations
SMT,
rate,
IAF
with
intrinsic
tempo,
their
interrelations
remain
unexplored.
In
pre-registered
study,
we
measured
IAF,
32
healthy
university
students
aged
18-21
examined
how
these
variables
relate
other.
During
experiment,
participants
sat
eyes
closed
5
min
recorded
EEG
rate.
They
then
tapped
space
key
index
finger
at
which
used
determine
SMT.
Participants
completed
a
questionnaire
about
age,
chronotype,
musical
experience.
Our
results
showed
no
significant
correlations
among
IAF.
Regression
analysis
further
confirmed
that
SMT
not
influenced
by
or
Therefore,
relationships
neuroscience-related
were
uncovered.
contribution
lies
measuring
within
same
experimental
context.
All
procedures,
including
scripts
analyses,
before
data
collection,
report
null
mitigate
publication
bias.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 6, 2025
Abstract
The
white
matter
of
the
human
brain
exhibits
highly
ordered
anisotropic
structures
both
axonal
nerve
fibers
and
cerebral
vasculature.
Separately,
nature
axons
vasculature
have
been
shown
to
cause
an
orientation
dependence
on
various
MRI
contrasts
used
study
structure
function
brain;
however,
little
is
known
relationship
between
vascular
orientations.
Thus,
aim
this
compare
within
matter.
To
do
this,
we
use
diffusion
susceptibility
weighted
imaging
acquired
in
same
healthy
young
adult
volunteers
analyze
alignment
blood
vessels
different
regions,
along
pathways,
determine
degree
these
structures.
We
first
describe
throughout
note
several
regions
with
consistent
orientations
across
individuals.
Next,
find
that
does
not
necessarily
align
dominant
direction
many
but,
due
presence
crossing
fiber
populations,
at
least
some
each
voxel.
Even
though
spatial
patterns
run
parallel
tracts,
they
so
entire
pathway,
nor
for
all
suggesting
supply/drain
a
tract-specific
manner.
Overall,
findings
suggest
architecture
closely
related
to,
but
as,
organization
neural
pathways.
This
contributes
better
understanding
microstructural
arrangement
may
implications
interpreting
neuroimaging
data
health
disease.
Journal of Neural Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(4), P. 046050 - 046050
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
This
study
aims
to
address
the
challenges
associated
with
data-driven
electroencephalography
(EEG)
data
analysis
by
introducing
a
standardised
library
called
Journal of Personalized Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(8), P. 857 - 857
Published: Aug. 12, 2024
Autism
spectrum
condition
(ASC)
is
a
neurodevelopmental
that
only
partly
responsive
to
prevailing
interventions.
ASC
manifests
core
challenges
in
social
skills,
communication,
and
sensory
function
by
repetitive
stereotyped
behaviors,
along
with
imbalances
the
brain’s
excitatory
(E)
inhibitory
(I)
signaling.
Repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(rTMS)
has
shown
promise
may
be
useful
addition
applied
behavioral
analysis
(ABA),
gold-standard
psychotherapeutic
intervention.
We
report
an
open-label
clinical
pilot
(initial)
study
which
ABA-treated
persons
(n
=
123)
received
our
personalized
rTMS
protocol
(PrTMS).
PrTMS
uses
low
TMS
pulse
intensities
continuously
updates
multiple
cortical
locales
frequencies
based
on
spectral
EEG
psychometrics.
No
adverse
effects
developed,
44%
of
subjects
had
scale
scores
reduced
below
diagnostic
cutoffs.
Importantly,
responders,
regression
flattened,
implying
more
balanced
E/I
ratio.
Moreover,
older
participants,
alpha
peak
frequency
increased,
positive
correlate
non-verbal
cognition.
effective
intervention,
offering
improved
cognitive
overall
symptomatology.
This
warrants
further
research
into
mechanisms
specific
types
who
benefit,
validation
present
results
exploration
broader
applicability.
