Cultural Differences in Visual Attention Emerge in Infancy

Infancy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

East Asians are more likely than North Americans to attend visual scenes holistically, focusing on the relations between objects and their background rather isolating components. This cultural difference in context sensitivity-greater attentional allocation of an image or scene-has been attributed socialization, yet it is unknown how early development appears, whether moderated by social information. We employed eye-tracking investigate context-sensitivity 15-month-olds Japan (n = 45) United States 52). Viewing faces, Japanese infants were attentive studied longer U.S. infants. cartoon videos, looked at twice as long infants, particularly for with eyes. In parent-child book reading, parents referred significantly parents, although this was uncorrelated infant behavior preceding tasks. These findings illustrated that differences attention detectable infancy, sustained may be important foundation upon which culturally-specific styles built. Overall, results consistent view a context-sensitive orientation first emerges information later generalizes non-social situations.

Language: Английский

Communicative signals during joint attention promote neural processes of infants and caregivers

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 101321 - 101321

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Communicative signals such as eye contact increase infants' brain activation to visual stimuli and promote joint attention. Our study assessed whether communicative during attention enhance infant-caregiver dyads' neural responses objects, their synchrony. To track mutual processes, we applied rhythmic stimulation (RVS), presenting images of objects 12-month-old infants mothers (n = 37 dyads), while recorded activity (i.e., steady-state evoked potentials, SSVEPs) with electroencephalography (EEG) hyperscanning. Within dyads, either communicatively showed the infant or watched without engagement. cues increased mothers' SSVEPs at central-occipital-parietal, central electrode sites, respectively. Infants significantly more gaze behaviour Dyadic synchrony (SSVEP amplitude envelope correlations, AECs) was not modulated by cues. Taken together, maternal in shape own processes. We show that cortical processing, thus play an essential role social learning. Future studies need elucidate effect on Finally, our introduces RVS dynamics contexts.

Language: Английский

Rhythmic visual stimulation as a window into early brain development: A systematic review

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64, P. 101315 - 101315

Published: Oct. 16, 2023

Rhythmic visual stimulation (RVS), the periodic presentation of stimuli to elicit a rhythmic brain response, is increasingly applied reveal insights into early neurocognitive development. Our systematic review identified 69 studies applying RVS in 0- 6-year-olds. has long been used study development system and applications have more recently expanded uncover higher cognitive functions developing brain, including overt covert attention, face object perception, numeral cognition, predictive processing. These are owed unique benefits RVS, such as targeted frequency stimulus-specific neural responses, well remarkable signal-to-noise ratio. Yet, mechanisms underlying response still poorly understood. We discuss critical challenges avenues for future research, potentials method holds. With this review, we provide resource researchers interested breadth developmental research hope inspire use cutting-edge neuroscience.

Language: Английский