Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: April 27, 2021
Abstract
Refractive
errors
are
common,
especially
in
children
and
adolescents,
leading
to
global
health
issues,
academic
implications
economic
costs.
Circadian
rhythm
sleep
habits
may
play
a
role.
The
study
included
1130
from
the
EDEN
birth-cohort.
Data
were
collected
through
parental
questionnaires
at
age
2
5
for
duration
timing,
refractive
error.
At
years,
20.4%
prescribed
glasses
(2%
myopia,
11.9%
hyperopia
6.8%
unknown
reason).
Children
slept
on
average
(SD)
11h05/night
(±
30
min)
10h49/night
48
5,
respectively.
Average
bedtime
midsleep
was
8.36
pm
min),
2.06
am
36
8.54
24
A
U-shaped
association
observed
between
eyeglass
prescription
5.
Later
associated
with
an
increased
risk
of
Associations
became
borderline
significant
after
adjustment
confounding
factors.
Sleep
timing
subsequent
preschoolers
general
population.
hygiene
might
be
target
prevention.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
62(5), P. 3 - 3
Published: April 28, 2021
Risk
factor
analysis
provides
an
important
basis
for
developing
interventions
any
condition.
In
the
case
of
myopia,
evidence
a
large
number
risk
factors
has
been
presented,
but
they
have
not
systematically
tested
confounding.
To
be
useful
designing
preventive
interventions,
ideally
needs
to
carried
through
demonstration
causal
connection,
with
defined
mechanism.
Statistical
is
often
complicated
by
covariation
variables,
and
relationship
between
myopia
using
Mendelian
randomization
or
in
randomized
clinical
trial
should
aimed
for.
When
strict
this
kind
applied,
associations
various
measures
educational
pressure
are
consistently
observed.
However,
more
nearwork
generally
weak
inconsistent,
supported
meta-analysis.
Associations
time
outdoors
less
stronger
observed,
including
Measurement
traditionally
performed
questionnaires,
increasingly
being
pursued
wearable
objective
devices.
A
link
increased
years
education
confirmed
randomization,
whereas
protective
effect
from
development
trials.
Other
proposed
need
see
if
modulate
these
variables.
The
linking
screen
although
limitations
on
under
consideration
as
control
epidemic
myopia.
British Journal of Ophthalmology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
104(5), P. 593 - 599
Published: Nov. 13, 2019
Myopia
is
an
increasingly
common
condition
that
associated
with
significant
costs
to
individuals
and
society.
Moreover,
myopia
increased
risk
of
glaucoma,
retinal
detachment
myopic
maculopathy,
which
in
turn
can
lead
blindness.
It
now
well
established
spending
more
time
outdoors
during
childhood
lowers
the
developing
may
delay
progression
myopia.
There
has
been
great
interest
further
exploring
this
relationship
exploiting
it
as
a
public
health
intervention
aimed
at
preventing
children.
However,
have
detrimental
effects,
such
melanoma,
cataract
pterygium.
Understanding
how
prevents
could
advance
development
targeted
interventions
for
We
reviewed
evidence
against
eight
facets
protect
myopia:
brighter
light,
reduced
peripheral
defocus,
higher
vitamin
D
levels,
differing
chromatic
spectrum
physical
activity,
entrained
circadian
rhythms,
less
near
work
greater
high
spatial
frequency
(SF)
energies.
solid
exposure
light
reduce
Peripheral
defocus
able
regulate
eye
growth
but
whether
substantially
changes
patterns
affect
unclear.
Spectrum
rhythms
SF
characteristics
are
plausible
factors,
there
lack
from
human
studies.
Vitamin
D,
activity
appear
unlikely
mediate
between
spent
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
64(6), P. 4 - 4
Published: May 1, 2023
The
choroid
is
the
richly
vascular
layer
of
eye
located
between
sclera
and
Bruch's
membrane.
Early
studies
in
animals,
as
well
more
recent
humans,
have
demonstrated
that
a
dynamic,
multifunctional
structure,
with
its
thickness
directly
indirectly
subject
to
modulation
by
variety
physiologic
visual
stimuli.
In
this
review,
anatomy
function
are
summarized
links
choroid,
growth
regulation,
myopia,
animal
models,
discussed.
Methods
for
quantifying
choroidal
human
associated
challenges
described,
literature
examining
changes
response
various
stimuli
refractive
error-related
differences
summarized,
potential
implications
latter
myopia
considered.
This
review
also
allowed
reexamination
hypothesis
short-term
induced
pharmacologic,
optical,
or
environmental
predictive
future
long-term
axial
elongation,
speculation
thickening
can
be
used
biomarker
treatment
efficacy
control
therapies,
general
conclusion
current
evidence
not
sufficient.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
Abstract
This
prospective
cohort
study
is
aimed
to
investigate
circadian
variations
in
corneal
parameters,
focusing
on
sleep-deprived
subjects.
Sixty-four
healthy
individuals
(age
range:
21–76
years)
actively
participated
this
study,
undergoing
examinations
at
least
five
times
within
a
24-hour
timeframe.
The
analysis
encompassed
keratometric
parameters
of
the
cornea’s
front
(F)
and
back
(B)
surfaces,
refractive
power
flattest
steepest
axes
(K1,
K2),
astigmatism
(Astig)
its
axis
(Axis),
aspheric
coefficient
(Asph),
pachymetry
values
thinnest
thickness
(Pachy
Min)
center
pupil
Pupil),
volume
relative
3
10
mm
diagonal
(Vol
D3,
Vol
D10)
surface
variance
index
(ISV).
Circadian
changes
were
assessed
using
hierarchical,
mixed-effects
linear
regression
adjusted
for
age
night
shift.
A
total
1,636
measurements
revealed
significant
various
including
K1
F,
K2
F/B,
Astig
Asph
Pachy
Min/Pupil,
D3/10,
ISV
(
p
<
0.0001).
Moreover,
B
exhibited
change
=
0.0002),
while
Axis
F/B
remained
unchanged.
Notably,
Corneal
peaked
before
6
o’clock
morning
reached
minimum
after
12
o’clock.
Contrary
previous
notions
linking
diurnal
with
eyelid
closure
during
sleep,
our
reveals
that
these
persist
absence
sleep.
research
contributes
valuable
insights
into
impact
sleep
deprivation
properties,
warranting
further
investigations
deepen
understanding
daily
visual
quality
guide
planning
eye
surgery
interventions.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Oct. 14, 2020
Myopia,
a
leading
cause
of
distance
vision
impairment,
is
projected
to
affect
half
the
world's
population
in
30
years.
We
analysed
relationship
between
certain
demographic,
environmental,
and
behavioural
factors
myopia
from
2-year
school-based,
prospective
trial
conducted
Shanghai,
China.
This
enrolled
6295
school-aged
children
at
baseline
followed
them
up
for
24
months.
The
abovementioned
was
examined
role
sleep
childhood
development
highlighted.
Our
results
suggest
that
'sleeping
late'
risk
factor
prevalence
(odds
ratio
[OR]
=
1.55,
p
0.04),
incidence
1.44,
0.02)
progression
over
months
(p
0.005),
after
adjusting
residency
area,
age,
gender,
duration,
time
spent
outdoors.
identification
consistency
with
late
sleepers
being
susceptible
group
both
onset
suggests
complex
circadian
rhythm,
indoor
environment,
habitual
activities
progression.
These
can
offer
new
insights
future
aetiology
studies
as
well
aid
decision-making
prevention
strategies.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
62(9), P. 40 - 40
Published: July 28, 2021
Purpose:
The
purpose
of
this
study
was
to
evaluate
the
interocular
differences
in
choroidal
vasculature,
choriocapillaris
perfusion,
and
retinal
microvascular
network,
explore
their
associations
with
asymmetry
axial
lengths
(ALs)
children
anisomyopia.
Methods:
Refractive
error,
AL,
other
biometric
parameters
were
measured
70
Using
optical
coherence
tomography
(OCT)
OCT-angiography,
we
submacular
thickness
(ChT),
total
area
(TCA),
luminal
(LA),
stromal
(SA),
vascularity
index
(CVI),
flow
deficit
(CcFD),
vessel
density
(VD),
foveal
avascular
zone
(FAZ)
area.
Results:
mean
spherical
equivalent
refraction
AL
−2.26
±
0.94
diopters
0.95
0.46
mm,
respectively.
Submacular
ChT,
TCA,
LA,
SA,
CVI
all
significantly
lower
more
myopic
(longer
AL)
eyes
than
less
(shorter
fellow
eyes.
In
longer
ALs,
both
CcFD
FAZ
areas
greater,
whereas
superficial
deep
VDs
less.
After
adjusting
for
corneal
power
intraocular
pressure,
LA
(β
=
−0.774),
SA
−0.991),
0.040)
associated
(all
P
<
0.05).
Conclusions:
pediatric
anisomyopes,
ALs
tended
have
perfusion
contralateral
shorter
ALs.
Longitudinal
investigations
would
be
useful
follow-ups
test
a
causal
role
circulation
human
myopia.
SLEEP,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
44(3)
Published: Oct. 8, 2020
Myopia,
or
near-sightedness,
is
the
most
common
refractive
vision
disorder
and
predisposes
eye
to
many
blinding
conditions
in
adulthood.
Recent
research
has
suggested
that
myopia
associated
with
increased
endogenous
melatonin
production.
Here
we
investigated
differences
circadian
timing
output
young
adult
myopes
non-myopes
(or
emmetropes)
as
a
pathogenesis
for
myopia.A
total
of
18
myopic
(refractive
error
[mean
±
standard
deviation]
-4.89
2.16
dioptres)
14
emmetropic
participants
(-0.09
0.13
dioptres),
aged
22.06
2.35
years
were
recruited.
Circadian
was
assessed
using
salivary
dim
light
onset
(DLMO),
collected
half-hourly
7
h,
beginning
5
h
before
finishing
2
after
individual
average
sleep
laboratory.
Total
production
via
aMT6s
levels
from
urine
voids
06:00
pm
until
wake-up
time
following
morning.
Objective
measures
acquired
week
prior
laboratory
visit
an
actigraphy
device.Myopes
(22:19
1.8
h)
exhibited
DLMO
phase-delay
1
hr
12
min
compared
emmetropes
(21:07
1.4
h),
p
=
0.026,
d
0.73.
Urinary
significantly
lower
among
(29.17
18.67)
than
(42.51
23.97,
0.04,
0.63).
Myopes
also
had
significant
delay
onset,
greater
latency,
shorter
duration,
more
evening-type
diurnal
preference
(all
<
0.05).These
findings
suggest
potential
association
between
rhythms
humans.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: March 2, 2023
Abstract
This
prospective
study
investigated
the
magnitude
and
pattern
of
variation
in
choroidal
optical
coherence
tomography
angiography
(OCT-A)
indices
every
4
h
over
24
healthy
young
myopic
(n
=
24)
non-myopic
20)
adults.
Choriocapillaris
deep
choroid
en-face
images
from
macular
OCT-A
scans
were
analysed
each
session
to
extract
magnification-corrected
vascular
including
choriocapillaris
flow
deficit
number,
size
density
perfusion
sub-foveal,
sub-parafoveal,
sub-perifoveal
regions.
Choroidal
thickness
was
also
obtained
structural
OCT
scans.
Significant
variations
(P
<
0.05)
observed
most
excluding
with
peaks
between
2
6
AM.
For
myopes,
occurred
significantly
earlier
(3–5
h),
diurnal
amplitude
greater
for
sub-foveal
0.02)
0.03)
compared
non-myopes.
showed
significant
changes
correlations
found
amplitudes
or
acrophases
thickness,
intraocular
pressure,
systemic
blood
pressure.
provides
first
comprehensive
assessment
h.
Deleted Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
1(1), P. 100010 - 100010
Published: April 1, 2024
This
study
evaluates
the
influence
of
various
lifestyle
factors,
such
as
screen
time,
physical
inactivity,
dietary
habits,
and
psychological
stress,
on
development
progression
myopia
in
comparison
to
genetic
predisposition.
It
underscores
critical
role
adopting
healthier
lifestyles
minimize
risk
myopia,
especially
genetically
susceptible
individuals.
integrates
a
systematic
review
existing
literature
with
empirical
data
assess
relationship
between
habits
providing
nuanced
understanding
its
multifaceted
etiology.
Comprehensive
analysis
from
multiple
institutional
clinical
studies.
The
includes
research
individuals
across
spectrum,
examining
factors
addition
influences.
Analysis
focused
behaviors,
including
digital
device
use,
activity,
patterns,
sleep
quality
relation
myopia.
Correlation
prevalence
choices
susceptibility.
results
highlight
strong
association
behaviors
predispositions
exacerbating
effects
detrimental
habits.
In
particular,
proactive
modifications,
increasing
outdoor
appear
be
effective
preventing
supports
an
integrative
approach
management,
emphasizing
modifications
conjunction
awareness.
calls
for
comprehensive
public
health
strategies
address
increase
advocating
balanced
interplay
maintaining
health,
engaging
activities,
promoting
mental
wellness
counteract
multifactorial
risks
associated
development.
