Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
380(1918)
Published: Jan. 23, 2025
Circadian
clocks
provide
a
biological
measure
of
time
that
coordinates
metabolism,
physiology
and
behaviour
with
24
h
cycles
in
the
environment.
systems
have
variety
characteristic
properties,
such
as
entrainment
to
environmental
cues,
self-sustaining
rhythm
about
temperature
compensation
circadian
rhythm.
In
this
perspective,
we
discuss
process
gating,
which
refers
restriction
event
particular
times
day
by
clock.
We
introduce
principles
processes
associated
gating
organisms,
including
some
mechanisms.
highlight
socioeconomic
opportunities
presented
investigation
using
selected
examples
from
medicine
agricultural
crop
production
illustrate
its
importance.
This
article
is
part
Theo
Murphy
meeting
issue
‘Circadian
rhythms
infection
immunity’.
Nature,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
614(7946), P. 136 - 143
Published: Dec. 5, 2022
Abstract
The
process
of
cancer
immunosurveillance
is
a
mechanism
tumour
suppression
that
can
protect
the
host
from
development
throughout
its
lifetime
1,2
.
However,
it
unknown
whether
effectiveness
fluctuates
over
single
day.
Here
we
demonstrate
initial
time
day
engraftment
dictates
ensuing
size
across
mouse
models.
Using
immunodeficient
mice
as
well
lacking
lineage-specific
circadian
functions,
show
dendritic
cells
(DCs)
and
CD8
+
T
exert
anti-tumour
functions
control
melanoma
volume.
Specifically,
find
rhythmic
trafficking
DCs
to
draining
lymph
node
governs
response
tumour-antigen-specific
dependent
on
expression
co-stimulatory
molecule
CD80.
As
consequence,
immunotherapy
more
effective
when
synchronized
with
DC
shows
outcomes
in
suggests
similar
effects
humans.
These
data
rhythms
immune
components
are
not
only
critical
for
controlling
but
also
be
therapeutic
relevance.
Science Immunology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
7(72)
Published: June 3, 2022
The
immune
system
is
highly
time-of-day
dependent.
Pioneering
studies
in
the
1960s
were
first
to
identify
responses
be
under
a
circadian
control.
Only
last
decade,
however,
have
molecular
factors
governing
rhythms
been
identified.
These
revealed
complex
picture
of
interconnectivity
rhythmicity
within
cells
with
that
their
environment.
Here,
we
provide
global
overview
system,
focusing
on
recent
advances
rapidly
expanding
field
immunology.
Physiological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
103(1), P. 313 - 346
Published: Aug. 18, 2022
The
mechanisms
underlying
innate
immune
memory
have
been
extensively
explored
in
the
last
decades
but
are
fact
largely
unknown.
Although
specificity
of
adaptive
vertebrates
is
ensured
through
recombination
immunoglobulin
family
genes
and
clonal
expansion,
basic
cells’
nonspecific
increased
responsiveness
rely
on
epigenetic,
transcriptional,
metabolic
programs
after
transient
stimulation.
Changes
these
result
enhanced
to
secondary
challenges
with
a
wide
variety
stimuli.
This
phenomenon
termed
“trained
immunity”
or
“innate
memory.”
On
one
hand,
trained
immunity
improves
response
infections
vaccination,
facilitating
stronger
responses
protection
against
microbial
Conversely,
may
contribute
pathophysiology
cardiovascular,
autoinflammatory,
neurodegenerative
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
gather
current
body
knowledge
field
summarize
foundations
immunity,
different
cell
types
involved,
its
consequences
for
health
disease,
potential
modulation
as
therapeutic
tool.
ESMO Open,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(2), P. 102220 - 102220
Published: Jan. 21, 2024
Background
Immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
have
become
the
standard
of
care
for
numerous
malignancies.
Emerging
evidence
suggests
that
time
day
(ToD)
ICI
administration
could
impact
outcomes
patients
with
cancer.
The
consistency
ToD
effects
on
efficacy
awaits
initial
evaluation.
Materials
and
methods
This
meta-analysis
integrates
progression-free
survival
(PFS)
overall
(OS)
data
from
studies
a
defined
‘cut-off'
ToD.
Hazard
ratios
(HRs)
[95%
confidence
interval
(CI)]
an
earlier
progression
or
death
according
to
‘early'
‘late'
ICIs
were
collected
each
report
pooled.
Results
Thirteen
involved
1663
(Eastern
Cooperative
Oncology
Group
performance
status
0-1,
83%;
males/females,
67%/33%)
non-small-cell
lung
cancer
(47%),
renal
cell
carcinoma
(24%),
melanoma
(20%),
urothelial
(5%),
esophageal
(4%).
Most
received
anti-programmed
protein
1
death-ligand
(98%),
small
proportion
also
anti-cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte-associated
4
(anti-CTLA-4)
(18%).
cut-offs
13:00
14:00
(i.e.
median
infusion
time),
six
studies,
16:00
16:30
reported
threshold
weaker
vaccination
responses)
seven
studies.
Pooled
analyses
revealed
early
groups
had
longer
OS
(HR
0.50,
95%
CI
0.42-0.58;
P
<
0.00001)
PFS
0.51,
0.42-0.61;
compared
late
groups.
Conclusions
Patients
selected
metastatic
cancers
seemed
largely
benefit
infusions,
which
is
consistent
circadian
mechanisms
in
immune-cell
functions
trafficking.
Prospective
randomized
trials
are
needed
establish
recommendations
optimal
timing
ICI-based
therapies.
Journal of Biological Rhythms,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
36(6), P. 503 - 531
Published: Sept. 22, 2021
Circadian
clocks
are
biological
timing
mechanisms
that
generate
24-h
rhythms
of
physiology
and
behavior,
exemplified
by
cycles
sleep/wake,
hormone
release,
metabolism.
The
adaptive
value
is
evident
when
internal
body
daily
environmental
mismatched,
such
as
in
the
case
shift
work
jet
lag
or
even
mistimed
eating,
all
which
associated
with
physiological
disruption
disease.
Studies
animal
human
models
have
also
unraveled
an
important
role
functional
circadian
modulating
cellular
organismal
responses
to
cues
(ex.,
food
intake,
exercise),
pathological
insults
(e.g.
virus
parasite
infections),
medical
interventions
medication).
With
growing
knowledge
molecular
underlying
pathophysiology,
it
becoming
possible
target
for
disease
prevention
treatment.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
recent
advances
research
potential
therapeutic
applications
take
patient
into
account
treating
iScience,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
24(4), P. 102255 - 102255
Published: March 1, 2021
Seasonal
disease
outbreaks
are
perennial
features
of
human
infectious
but
the
factors
generating
these
patterns
unclear.
Here
we
investigate
seasonal
and
daytime
variability
in
multiple
immune
parameters
329,261
participants
UK
Biobank
test
for
associations
with
a
wide
range
environmental
lifestyle
factors,
including
changes
day
length,
outdoor
temperature
vitamin
D
at
time
blood
sample
was
collected.
were
evident
lymphocyte
neutrophil
counts,
C-reactive
protein
CRP,
not
monocytes,
independent
lifestyle,
demographic,
factors.
All
assessed
demonstrated
significant
variation
that
confounding
At
population
level,
vary
across
season
day,
Both
fundamental
dimensions
function
should
be
considered
all
studies
immuno-prophylaxis
transmission.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 896 - 896
Published: Feb. 11, 2022
Prior
experimental
and
human
studies
have
demonstrated
the
circadian
organization
of
immune
cells'
proliferation,
trafficking,
antigen
recognition
destruction.
Nivolumab
targets
T(CD8)
cells,
functions,
trafficking
which
are
regulated
by
clocks,
hence
suggesting
possible
daily
changes
in
nivolumab's
efficacy.
Worse
progression-free
survival
(PFS),
overall
(OS)
were
reported
for
malignant
melanoma
patients
receiving
more
than
20%
their
checkpoint
inhibitor
infusions
after
16:30
as
compared
to
earlier
day.Consecutive
metastatic
non-small-cell
cancer
(NSCLC)
received
nivolumab
(240
mg
iv
q
2
weeks)
at
a
time
that
was
'randomly'
allocated
each
course
on
logistical
basis
day-hospital
coordinators.
The
median
all
administrations
computed
patient.
study
population
split
into
two
timing
groups
based
upon
value
treatment
times
patients.
CTCAE-toxicity
rates,
iRECIST-tumor
responses,
PFS
OS
according
timing.
curves
hazard
ratios
(HR)
major
categories
characteristics.
Multivariable
sensitivity
analyses
also
performed.The
accrued
95
stage-IV
NSCLC
(PS
0-1,
96%),
aged
41-83
years.
majority
occurred
between
9:27
12:54
48
('morning'
group)
12:55
17:14
other
47
('afternoon'
group).
Median
(95%
CL)
11.3
months
(5.5-17.1)
'morning'
group
3.1
(1.5-4.6)
'afternoon'
one
(p
<
0.001).
34.2
(15.1-53.3)
9.6
(4.9-14.4)
one,
respectively
identified
significant
predictor
longer
OS,
with
respective
HR
values
0.26
(0.11-0.58)
0.17
(0.08-0.37).
effect
consistent
across
patient
subgroups
tested.Nivolumab
nearly
four
effective
following
dosing
this
cohort
Prospective
timing-studies
needed
minimize
risk
resistance
maximize
benefits
from
inhibitors.