Epidemiology of Adult DSM-5 Major Depressive Disorder and Its Specifiers in the United States

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 75(4), P. 336 - 336

Published: Feb. 14, 2018

No US national data are available on the prevalence and correlates of DSM-5-defined major depressive disorder (MDD) or MDD specifiers as defined in DSM-5.To present current nationally representative findings prevalence, correlates, psychiatric comorbidity, functioning, treatment DSM-5 initial information severity, anxious/distressed specifier, mixed-features well cases that would have been characterized bereavement DSM-IV.In-person interviews with a sample noninstitutionalized civilian adults (≥18 years) (n = 36 309) who participated 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey Alcohol Related Conditions III (NESARC-III). Data were collected from April 2012 to June 2013 analyzed 2016-2017.Prevalence specifiers. Odds ratios (ORs), adjusted ORs (aORs), 95% CIs indicated associations demographic characteristics other disorders.Of 309 adult participants NESARC-III, 12-month lifetime prevalences 10.4% 20.6%, respectively. significantly lower men (OR, 0.5; CI, 0.46-0.55) African American 0.6; 0.54-0.68), Asian/Pacific Islander 0.45-0.67), Hispanic 0.7; 0.62-0.78) than white higher younger (age range, 18-29 years; OR, 3.0; 2.48-3.55) those low incomes ($19 999 less; 1.7; 1.49-2.04). Associations disorders ranged an aOR 2.1 (95% 1.84-2.35) for specific phobia 5.7 4.98-6.50) generalized anxiety disorder. substance use 1.8 1.63-2.01) alcohol 3.0 2.57-3.55) any drug. Most moderate (39.7%) severe (49.5%). Almost 70% had some type treatment. Functioning among was approximately 1 SD below mean. Among 12.9% MDD, all episodes occurred just after death someone close lasted less 2 months. The specifier 74.6% cases, 15.5%. Controlling both associated early onset, poor course suicidality.Among adults, is highly prevalent, comorbid, disabling. While most received treatment, substantial minority did not. Much remains be learned about general population.

Language: Английский

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US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 195 - 212

Published: Aug. 30, 2017

This review provides an overview of the changing US epidemiology cannabis use and associated problems. Adults adolescents increasingly view as harmless, some can without harm. However, potential problems include harms from prenatal exposure unintentional childhood exposure; decline in educational or occupational functioning after early adolescent use, adulthood, impaired driving vehicle crashes; disorders (CUD), withdrawal, psychiatric comorbidity. Evidence suggests national increases potency, adults, increased CUD, cannabis-related emergency room visits, fatal crashes. Twenty-nine states have medical marijuana laws (MMLs) these, 8 recreational (RMLs). Many studies indicate that MMLs their specific provisions did not increase use. more limited literature led to exposures, adult CUD. Ecological-level suggest substitution for opioids, also possibly medications. Much remains be determined about trends role RMLs these trends. The public, health professionals, policy makers would benefit education risks such risks, increases.

Language: Английский

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Cannabis use, attitudes, and legal status in the U.S.: A review

Preventive Medicine, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 104, P. 13 - 23

Published: July 11, 2017

Language: Английский

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Association Between Recreational Marijuana Legalization in the United States and Changes in Marijuana Use and Cannabis Use Disorder From 2008 to 2016

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 77(2), P. 165 - 165

Published: Nov. 13, 2019

Little is known about changes in marijuana use and cannabis disorder (CUD) after recreational legalization (RML).To examine the associations between RML enactment use, frequent CUD United States from 2008 to 2016.This survey study used repeated cross-sectional data National Survey on Drug Use Health (2008-2016) conducted among participants age groups of 12 17, 18 25, 26 years or older.Multilevel logistic regression models were fit obtain estimates before-vs-after respondents states enacting compared other states.Self-reported past-month users, past-year CUD, users.The included 505 796 consisting 51.51% females 77.24% older. Among total, 65.43% white, 11.90% black, 15.36% Hispanic, 7.31% race/ethnicity. aged 17 years, increased 2.18% 2.72% enactment, a 25% higher increase than that for same group did not enact (odds ratio [OR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.55). users this group, 22.80% 27.20% (OR, 1.27; 1.01-1.59). Unmeasured confounders would need be more prevalent risk by 1.08 1.11 times explain observed results, indicating results are sensitive omitted variables. No found 25 years. older, 5.65% 7.10% 1.28; 1.16-1.40), 2.13% 2.62% 1.24; 1.08-1.41), 0.90% 1.23% 1.36; 1.08-1.71); these robust unmeasured confounding. enactment.This study's findings suggest although advanced social justice goals, small post-RML adults older potential public health concern. To undertake prevention efforts, further studies warranted assess how increases occur identify subpopulations may especially vulnerable.

Language: Английский

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US Adult Illicit Cannabis Use, Cannabis Use Disorder, and Medical Marijuana Laws

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 74(6), P. 579 - 579

Published: April 26, 2017

Over the last 25 years, illicit cannabis use and disorders have increased among US adults, 28 states passed medical marijuana laws (MML). Little is known about MML adult or considered over time.

Language: Английский

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Psychiatric and medical correlates of DSM‐5 eating disorders in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States

International Journal of Eating Disorders, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 52(1), P. 42 - 50

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

To examine psychiatric and somatic correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders (EDs)-anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia (BN), binge-eating disorder (BED)-in a nationally representative sample adults in the United States.A national 36,309 adult participants epidemiologic survey on alcohol related conditions III (NESARC-III) completed structured diagnostic interviews (AUDADIS-5) to determine disorders, including EDs, reported 12-month diagnosis chronic conditions. Prevalence lifetime were calculated across AN, BN, BED groups fourth group without specific ED; multiple logistic regression models compared likelihood psychiatric/somatic with each ED relative no-specific group.All three EDs associated significantly mood anxiety drug use personality disorders. In all major depressive was most prevalent, followed by disorder. AN fibromyalgia, cancer, anemia, osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, triglycerides. BN not any conditions.This study examined large U.S. adults. Our findings significant associations other current indicate serious burdens EDs. suggest important differences some similarities previous smaller studies based earlier criteria.

Language: Английский

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Cannabis use and cannabis use disorder

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Stigma and substance use disorders

Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 378 - 388

Published: July 12, 2017

To collect and update published information on the stigma associated with substance abuse in nonclinical samples, which has not been recently reviewed.Searching large databases, a total of only 17 articles were since 1999, majority studies conducted outside United States. Using major concepts from sociological framework (stereotyping, devaluation terms status loss, discrimination, negative emotional reactions), reviewed predominantly indicated that public holds very stigmatized views toward individuals use disorders (SUDs), level was higher SUDs than those other psychiatric disorders.The prevalence is increasing US general population, but these remain seriously undertreated. Stigma can reduce willingness policymakers to allocate resources, providers nonspecialty settings screen for address problems, may limit such problems seek treatment. All factors help explain why so few receive Public education reduces provides about treatment needed.

Language: Английский

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Co-use of Alcohol and Cannabis: A Review

Current Addiction Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 184 - 193

Published: April 27, 2017

Language: Английский

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What is the prevalence and risk of cannabis use disorders among people who use cannabis? a systematic review and meta-analysis

Addictive Behaviors, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 109, P. 106479 - 106479

Published: May 20, 2020

Language: Английский

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