Connectomic Analysis of the Drosophila Lateral Neuron Clock Cells Reveals the Synaptic Basis of Functional Pacemaker Classes DOI Creative Commons
Orie T. Shafer, Gabrielle J. Gutierrez, K. Li

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2022

Abstract The circadian clock orchestrates daily changes in physiology and behavior to ensure internal temporal order optimal timing across the day. In animals, a central brain coordinates rhythms throughout body is characterized by remarkable robustness that depends on synaptic connections between constituent neurons. neuron network of Drosophila , which shares motifs with networks mammalian yet built many fewer neurons, offers powerful model for understanding properties timekeeping. Here we report an assessment connectivity within network, focusing critical lateral (LN) classes. Our results reveal previously identified anatomical functional subclasses LNs represent distinct connectomic types. Moreover, identify small number cell subtypes representing highly synaptically coupled nodes network. This suggests neurons lacking molecular timekeeping likely play integral roles To our knowledge, this represents first comprehensive analysis neuronal

Language: Английский

Connectomic analysis of the Drosophila lateral neuron clock cells reveals the synaptic basis of functional pacemaker classes DOI Creative Commons
Orie T. Shafer, Gabrielle J. Gutierrez,

Kimberly Li

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 29, 2022

The circadian clock orchestrates daily changes in physiology and behavior to ensure internal temporal order optimal timing across the day. In animals, a central brain coordinates rhythms throughout body is characterized by remarkable robustness that depends on synaptic connections between constituent neurons. neuron network of Drosophila, which shares motifs with networks mammalian yet built many fewer neurons, offers powerful model for understanding properties timekeeping. Here, we report an assessment connectivity within network, focusing critical lateral (LN) classes Janelia hemibrain dataset. Our results reveal previously identified anatomical functional subclasses LNs represent distinct connectomic types. Moreover, identify small number non-clock cell subtypes representing highly synaptically coupled nodes network. This suggests neurons lacking molecular timekeeping likely play integral roles To our knowledge, this represents first comprehensive analysis neuronal network.Most organisms Earth possess system ensures bodily processes such as sleep, wakefulness or digestion take place at right time. These precise are kept check master brain. There, thousands – some carrying ‘molecular clock’ connect each other through structures known synapses. Exactly how resulting organised support remains unclear. explore question, Shafer, Gutierrez et al. focused fruit flies, recent efforts have systematically mapped every connection organism. Analysing available data from connectome project revealed most important were fact forming fewest synapses addition, without clocks mediated strong those did, suggesting ‘clockless’ cells still role With research, provide unexpected insights into organisation clock. Better underpin will help grasp why these disrupted obesity, depression Alzheimer’s disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

59
The Neuronal Circuit of the Dorsal Circadian Clock Neurons in Drosophila melanogaster DOI Creative Commons
Nils Reinhard, Frank K. Schubert, Enrico Bertolini

et al.

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 29, 2022

Drosophila's dorsal clock neurons (DNs) consist of four clusters (DN1as, DN1ps, DN2s, and DN3s) that largely differ in size. While the DN1as DN2s encompass only two neurons, DN1ps ∼15 DN3s comprise ∼40 per brain hemisphere. In comparison to well-characterized lateral (LNs), neuroanatomy function DNs are still not clear. Over past decade, numerous studies have addressed their role fly's circadian system, leading several sometimes divergent results. Nonetheless, these agreed important fine-tune activity under light temperature cycles play essential roles linking output from LNs downstream control sleep metabolism. Here, we used Flybow specific split-GAL4 lines, trans-Tango, recently published fly connectome (called hemibrain) describe morphology greater detail, including synaptic connections other non-clock neurons. We show some DN groups heterogenous. certain strongly connected with LNs, others mainly signal circuits clock. Among latter mushroom body central complex tubercle bulb neurosecretory cells pars intercerebralis, unidentified partners. This heterogeneity may explain conflicting results previously found about functionality. Most importantly, identify putative novel communication centers network: one fiber bundle superior protocerebrum running toward anterior optic hub posterior protocerebrum. Both invaded by might an instrumental network.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Dynamic encoding of temperature in the central circadian circuit coordinates physiological activities DOI Creative Commons
Hailiang Li, Zhiyi Li,

Xin Yuan

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 2, 2024

Abstract The circadian clock regulates animal physiological activities. How temperature reorganizes circadian-dependent activities remains elusive. Here, using in-vivo two-photon imaging with the control device, we investigated response of Drosophila central circuit to variation and identified that DN1as serves as most sensitive temperature-sensing neurons. gate DN1a’s diurnal response. Trans-synaptic tracing, connectome analysis, functional data reveal bidirectionally targets two neuronal subsets: activity-related E cells sleep-promoting DN3s. Specifically, behavioral demonstrate DN1a-E cell modulates evening locomotion peak in cold temperature, while DN1a-DN3 controls warm temperature-induced nocturnal sleep reduction. Our findings systematically comprehensively illustrate how dynamically integrates light signals effectively coordinate wakefulness at different times day, shedding on conserved neural mechanisms underlying temperature-regulated physiology animals.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Dopamine and GPCR-mediated modulation of DN1 clock neurons gates the circadian timing of sleep DOI Creative Commons
Matthias Schlichting, Shlesha Richhariya, Nicholas Herndon

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(34)

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

The metronome-like circadian regulation of sleep timing must still adapt to an uncertain environment. Recent studies in Drosophila indicate that neuromodulation not only plays a key role clock neuron synchronization but also affects interactions between the network and brain centers. We show here targets neuromodulators, G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs), are highly enriched fly network. Single-cell sequencing indicates they differentially expressed contribute identity. generated comprehensive guide library mutagenize individual GPCRs specific neurons verified strategy by introducing targeted approach. Combined with behavioral screen, mutagenesis revealed dopamine identifying two receptors subpopulation gate sleep.

Language: Английский

Citations

29
The neuroendocrine and endocrine systems in insect – Historical perspective and overview DOI
Ian Orchard, Angela B. Lange

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 580, P. 112108 - 112108

Published: Nov. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Biological clock regulation by the PER gene family: a new perspective on tumor development DOI Creative Commons
Kai Chen, Yaohui Wang, Dengxiong Li

et al.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 15, 2024

The Period (

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Basic research on circadian disruption using animal and human organoid models: a review DOI
Hamideh Rahmati, Behzad Garmabi, Hamed Ghazvini

et al.

Biological Rhythm Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 22

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Caenorhabditis elegans as a Promising Model Organism in Chronobiology DOI

María Laura Migliori,

María Eugenia Goya,

Melisa L. Lamberti

et al.

Journal of Biological Rhythms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(2), P. 131 - 147

Published: Jan. 21, 2023

Circadian rhythms represent an adaptive feature, ubiquitously found in nature, which grants living beings the ability to anticipate daily variations their environment. They have been a multitude of organisms, ranging from bacteria fungi, plants, and animals. are generated by endogenous clocks that can be entrained environmental cycles such as light temperature. The molecular machinery circadian includes transcriptional-translational feedback loop takes approximately 24 h complete. Drosophila melanogaster has model organism choice understand basis clocks. However, alternative animal models also being adopted, each offering respective experimental advantages. nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides excellent for genetics neuro-behavioral studies, thanks its ease use manipulation, well availability genetic data mutant strains, is currently used novel research. Here, we aim evaluate C. chronobiological focusing on strengths weaknesses while reviewing available literature. Possible zeitgebers (including temperature) discussed. Determining bases neural circuitry involved central pacemaker elegans’ clock will contribute understanding system, becoming study diseases due alterations cycle.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Circadian Clock Genes Regulate Temperature-Dependent Diapause Induction in Silkworm Bombyx mori DOI Creative Commons

Satoshi Homma,

A. Murata,

Masato Ikegami

et al.

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 27, 2022

The bivoltine strain of the domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori, exhibits a facultative diapause phenotype that is determined by maternal environmental conditions during embryonic and larval development. Although recent study implicated circadian clock gene period (per) in rhythms photoperiod-induced diapause, roles other core feedback loop genes, including timeless (tim), Clock (Clk), cycle (cyc), cryptochrome2 (cry2), have to be clarified yet. Therefore, aim this was elucidate genes temperature-dependent induction. To achieve this, per, tim, Clk, cyc, cry2 knockout (KO) mutants were generated, percentages non-diapause eggs determined. results show regulated temperature-induced acting upstream cerebral γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic hormone signaling pathways. Moreover, temporal expression wild-type (wt) silkworms significantly different from thermosensitive transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) KO Overall, findings provide target for regulating induction silkworms.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Adaptation and ecological speciation in seasonally varying environments at high latitudes: Drosophila virilis group DOI Creative Commons
Anneli Hoikkala, Noora Poikela

Fly, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 85 - 104

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Living in high latitudes and altitudes sets specific requirements on species' ability to forecast seasonal changes respond them an appropriate way. Adaptation into diverse environmental conditions can also lead ecological speciation through habitat isolation or by inducing traits that influence assortative mating. In this review, we explain how the unique time-measuring systems of Drosophila virilis group species have enabled occupy involved reproduction survival exhibit strong linkage with latitudinally varying photoperiodic climatic conditions. We describe variation reproductive barriers between populations two overlapping distributions show local adaptation reinforcement prezygotic created partial conspecific populations. Finally, consider role species-specific chromosomal inversions X chromosome development diverging lineages.

Language: Английский

Citations

11