medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 8, 2024
Abstract
Background
Multiple
studies
have
shown
that
Long
COVID
(LC)
disease
is
associated
with
heightened
immune
activation,
as
evidenced
by
elevated
levels
of
inflammatory
mediators.
However,
there
no
comprehensive
meta-analysis
focusing
on
activation
the
response
system
(IRS)
and
compensatory
immunoregulatory
(CIRS)
along
other
phenotypes
in
LC
patients.
Objectives
This
designed
to
explore
IRS
CIRS
profiles
patients,
individual
cytokines,
chemokines,
growth
factors,
C-reactive
protein
(CRP)
immune-associated
neurotoxicity.
Methods
To
gather
relevant
for
our
research,
we
conducted
a
thorough
search
using
databases
such
PubMed,
Google
Scholar,
SciFinder,
covering
all
available
literature
up
December
20th,
2023.
Results
The
current
encompassed
82
examined
multiple
profiles,
protein,
58
cytokines/chemokines/growth
factors
3836
patients
versus
4537
normal
controls
(NC).
showed
significant
increases
IRS/CIRS
ratio
(standardized
mean
difference
(SMD:0.156,
confidence
interval
(CI):
0.051;0.261),
(SMD:
0.345,
CI:
0.222;0.468),
M1
macrophage
0.421,
0.290;0.551),
T
helper
(Th)1
0.353,
0.189;0.517),
Th17
0.492,
0.332;0.651)
neurotoxicity
0.327
0.205;0.448).
In
addition,
CRP
19
different
cytokines
displayed
significantly
compared
NC.
Conclusion
characterized
increased
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Jan. 8, 2024
Objectives
To
investigate
the
characteristics
of
COVID-19
and
its
impact
on
patients
with
Takayasu’s
arteritis
(TAK).
Methods
A
web-based
survey
was
administered
to
a
TAK
cohort
their
co-residents
in
China
during
January
2023.
Infection
symptoms,
post-acute
sequelae
(PASC),
potential
impacts
patients’
disease
condition,
treatment
immune-related
parameters
were
analyzed.
In
addition,
risk
factors
for
relapse
after
infection
explored.
Results
The
rate
significantly
lower
than
(79.13%
vs
90.67%,
p=0.025).
more
prone
gastrointestinal
symptoms
(17.78%
5.88%,
p=0.024),
sleep
problems
(25.15%
10.29%,
p=0.011),
involving
2
organs
(58.90%
35.29%,
p=0.001)
infection.
Although
only
2.45%
hospitalized
none
progressed
life-threatening
conditions,
they
likely
suffer
from
PASC
(26.38%
13.24%,
p=0.029),
especially
active
patients.
Active
pandemic
infected
uninfected
(21/163,
12.88%
vs.
11/43,
25.58%,
p=0.041).
presence
multiple
system
factor
[OR:
3.62
(95%
CI
1.06-12.31),
p=0.040].
Moreover,
csDMARDs
3.68
1.56-8.66),
p=0.002].
Conclusion
have
acute
there
is
no
adverse
outcome
does
not
increase.
Patients
treated
may
be
at
higher
deserve
clinical
attention.
Neurotrauma Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(1), P. 81 - 94
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Major
determinants
of
the
biological
background
or
reserve,
such
as
age,
sex,
comorbidities
(diabetes,
hypertension,
obesity,
etc.),
and
medications
(e.g.,
anticoagulants),
are
known
to
affect
outcome
after
traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI).
With
unparalleled
data
richness
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19;
∼375,000
counting!)
well
chronic
form,
long-COVID,
also
called
post-acute
sequelae
SARS-CoV-2
infection
(PASC),
publications
(∼30,000
counting)
covering
virtually
every
aspect
diseases,
pathomechanisms,
biomarkers,
phases,
symptomatology,
etc.,
have
provided
a
unique
opportunity
better
understand
appreciate
holistic
nature
interconnectivity
between
organ
systems,
importance
in
modifying
trajectories
affecting
outcomes.
Such
approach
is
badly
needed
TBI-induced
conditions
their
totality.
Here,
I
briefly
review
what
about
long-COVID/PASC,
its
underlying—suspected—pathologies,
pathobiological
changes
induced
by
TBI,
other
words,
TBI
endophenotypes,
discuss
intersection
long-COVID/PASC
pathobiologies,
how
considering
some
factors
person's
inclusion
mechanistic
molecular
biomarkers
can
help
improve
clinical
management
patients.
Viral Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
37(2), P. 61 - 78
Published: Feb. 5, 2024
COVID-19,
caused
by
the
SARS-CoV-2
virus,
can
have
neurological
effects,
including
cognitive
symptoms
like
brain
fog
and
memory
problems.
Research
on
effects
of
COVID-19
is
ongoing,
factors
such
as
inflammation,
disrupted
blood
flow,
damage
to
vessels
may
contribute
symptoms.
Notably,
some
authors
existing
evidence
suggest
that
virus
enter
central
nervous
system
through
different
routes,
olfactory
nerve
bloodstream.
infection
has
been
associated
with
altered
consciousness,
headaches,
dizziness,
mental
disorders.
The
exact
mechanisms
impact
formation
shrinkage
are
still
being
studied.
This
review
will
focus
pathways
blood–brain
barrier
disruption,
it
then
highlight
interactions
cell
types
in
brain,
namely
neurons,
astrocytes,
oligodendrocytes,
microglia.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 8, 2024
Abstract
Background
Multiple
studies
have
shown
that
Long
COVID
(LC)
disease
is
associated
with
heightened
immune
activation,
as
evidenced
by
elevated
levels
of
inflammatory
mediators.
However,
there
no
comprehensive
meta-analysis
focusing
on
activation
the
response
system
(IRS)
and
compensatory
immunoregulatory
(CIRS)
along
other
phenotypes
in
LC
patients.
Objectives
This
designed
to
explore
IRS
CIRS
profiles
patients,
individual
cytokines,
chemokines,
growth
factors,
C-reactive
protein
(CRP)
immune-associated
neurotoxicity.
Methods
To
gather
relevant
for
our
research,
we
conducted
a
thorough
search
using
databases
such
PubMed,
Google
Scholar,
SciFinder,
covering
all
available
literature
up
December
20th,
2023.
Results
The
current
encompassed
82
examined
multiple
profiles,
protein,
58
cytokines/chemokines/growth
factors
3836
patients
versus
4537
normal
controls
(NC).
showed
significant
increases
IRS/CIRS
ratio
(standardized
mean
difference
(SMD:0.156,
confidence
interval
(CI):
0.051;0.261),
(SMD:
0.345,
CI:
0.222;0.468),
M1
macrophage
0.421,
0.290;0.551),
T
helper
(Th)1
0.353,
0.189;0.517),
Th17
0.492,
0.332;0.651)
neurotoxicity
0.327
0.205;0.448).
In
addition,
CRP
19
different
cytokines
displayed
significantly
compared
NC.
Conclusion
characterized
increased
