The role of soil in the contribution of food and feed

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 376(1834), P. 20200181 - 20200181

Published: Aug. 4, 2021

Soils play a critical role in the production of food and feed for growing global population. Here, we review patterns soil characteristics, agricultural fate embedded nutrients. Nitrogen- organic-rich soils supported highest crop yields, yet efficiency nutrient utilization was concentrated regions with lower productivity rates chemical fertilizer inputs. Globally, resources were animal feed, resulting large inefficiencies losses from system. Intercontinental transport soil-derived nutrients displaced millions tonnes nitrogen phosphorus annually, much which ultimately urban waste streams. Approximately 40% land area small farms providing over 50% world's needs but yield gaps economic constraints limit ability to intensify on these lands. To better use protect system, policies actions should encourage shifts more nutrient-efficient diets, strategic intensification technological improvement, restoration maintenance fertility stability, enhanced resilience face change. This article is part theme issue 'The delivering Nature's Contributions People'.

Language: Английский

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Ecological risk assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals contamination: an appraisal based on the Tellus soil survey

Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 43(5), P. 2121 - 2142

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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Bioengineered microbes for soil health restoration: present status and future

Bioengineered, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 12839 - 12853

Published: Nov. 15, 2021

According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), soil health is declining over decades and it has an adverse impact on human food security. Hence, restoration a need of hour. It known that microorganisms play vital role in remediation pollutants like heavy metals, pesticides, hydrocarbons, etc. However, indigenous microbes have limited capacity degrade these will be slow process. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can catalyze degradation process as their altered metabolic pathways lead hypersecretions various biomolecules favor bioremediation This review provides overview application bioengineered for by pollutants. also sheds light challenges using GMOs environmental introduction may affect normal microbial community soil. Since refers potential native survive, possible changes with are discussed. Finally, future prospects engineering applications make fertile healthy been deciphered. With alarming rates loss, treatment fastened greater pace combinatorial efforts unifying GMOs, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, other amendments provide effective solution heath ten years ahead.

Language: Английский

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Role of soil in the regulation of human and plant pathogens: soils' contributions to people

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 376(1834), P. 20200179 - 20200179

Published: Aug. 4, 2021

Soil and soil biodiversity play critical roles in Nature's Contributions to People (NCP) # 10, defined as ability regulate direct detrimental effects on humans, human-important plants animals, through the control or regulation of particular organisms considered be harmful. We provide an overview pathogens soil, focusing human crop pathogens, discuss general strategies, examples, how soils' extraordinarily diverse microbial communities soil-borne pathogens. review ecological principles underpinning well relationships between pathogen suppression health. Mechanisms specific examples are presented biota involved regulating humans plants. evaluate agricultural management practices can either promote interfere with soil's Finally, we conclude integrating plant, animal health a ‘One Health’ framework could lead more integrated, efficient multifunctional strategies for processes. This article is part theme issue ‘The role soils delivering People’.

Language: Английский

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Microbiomes in agroecosystem: Diversity, function and assembly mechanisms

Environmental Microbiology Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 833 - 849

Published: Oct. 2, 2022

Abstract Soils are a main repository of biodiversity harbouring immense diversity microbial species that plays central role in fundamental ecological processes and acts as the seed bank for emergence plant microbiome cropland ecosystems. Crop‐associated microbiomes play an important shaping performance, which includes but not limited to nutrient uptake, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance. Although our understanding structure function soil has been rapidly advancing, most knowledge comes from ecosystems natural environment. In this review, we present overview current communities along soil–plant continuum agroecosystems. To characterize mechanisms community assembly crop microbiomes, explore how host environmental factors such developmental stage, pathogen invasion, land management shape structure, co‐occurrence patterns, crop‐microbiome interactions. Particularly, relative importance deterministic stochastic is illustrated under different conditions, potential sources keystone taxa described. Finally, highlight few questions perspectives future research.

Language: Английский

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Bioengineered microbial strains for detoxification of toxic environmental pollutants

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 227, P. 115665 - 115665

Published: March 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mobility, bioaccumulation in plants, and risk assessment of metals in soils

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 882, P. 163574 - 163574

Published: April 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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Harnessing soil biodiversity to promote human health in cities

npj Urban Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

Abstract Biodiversity is widely linked to human health, however, connections between health and soil biodiversity in urban environments remain poorly understood. Here, we stress that reductions elevate risks but can improve through pathways including suppressing pathogens, remediating soil, shaping a beneficial microbiome promoting immune fitness. We argue targeted enhancement of could support both outdoor indoor settings. The potential enhanced benefit reflects an important yet understudied field fundamental applied research.

Language: Английский

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A proposal for the assessment of soil security: Soil functions, soil services and threats to soil

Soil Security, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 100086 - 100086

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Human societies face six existential challenges to their sustainable development. These have been previously addressed by a myriad of concepts such as soil conservation, quality, and health. Yet, these, only security attempts integrate the concurrently through five biophysical socio-economic dimensions capacity, condition, capital, connectivity codification. In this paper, we highlight past existing concepts, make proposal for provisional assessment security. The addresses three roles soil: functions, services threats soil. For each identified role, indicate potential, but not exhaustive, list indicators that characterise We also raise issues quantification combination briefly. found capacity condition are theoretically easier measure quantify than dimension capital might be conveniently assessed using relate economic value soils. next step is test which recommendations on potential study cases examples. conclude can potentially quantitatively comprehensively there need further work devise an operational measurement methodology estimate people

Language: Английский

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A perspective on green, blue, and grey spaces, biodiversity, microbiota, and human health

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 892, P. 164772 - 164772

Published: June 10, 2023

Humans have lived from equator to poles for millennia but are now increasingly intruding into the wild spaces of other species and steadily extruding ourselves our own spaces, with a profound impact on: relationship natural world; survival species; pollution; climate change; etc. We yet grasp how these changes directly health. The primary focus this paper is on beneficial influence proximity environment. summarize evidence associations between exposure green space blue improvements in In contrast, grey - urban landscape largely presents hazards as well reducing isolating us discuss various hypotheses that might explain why green, blue, affect health particularly importance biodiversity hypothesis role microbiota. possible mechanisms routes air, soil, water. highlight problem assessment, noting many current tools not fit purpose understanding space, aerosols, soils, briefly differences indigenous perspectives nature environment more dominant international-science view. Finally, we present research gaps future directions, focusing ways which even absence full by begin implement policies restore some balance aim large global burden ill

Language: Английский

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