The impact of food insecurity on health outcomes: empirical evidence from sub-Saharan African countries

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Food insecurity adversely affects human health, which means food security and nutrition are crucial to improving people's health outcomes. Both outcomes the policy agenda of 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, there is a lack macro-level empirical studies (Macro-level study at broadest level using variables that represent given country or whole population economy as whole. For example, if urban (% total population) XYZ 30%, it used proxy variable country's urbanization level. Empirical implies employ econometrics method, application math statistics.) concerning relationship between in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries though region highly affected by its related problems. Therefore, this aims examine impact on life expectancy infant mortality SSA countries.

Language: Английский

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Food Insecurity and its Impact on Body Weight, Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Mental Health

Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(9)

Published: July 5, 2021

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the health consequences of air pollution in the world’s most polluted nations

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 29, 2024

Abstract Air pollution poses a persuasive threat to global health, demonstrating widespread detrimental effects on populations worldwide. Exposure pollutants, notably particulate matter with diameter of 2.5 µm (PM ), has been unequivocally linked spectrum adverse health outcomes. A nuanced understanding the relationship between them is crucial for implementing effective policies. This study employs comprehensive investigation, utilizing extended production function framework alongside system generalized method moments (SGMM) technique, scrutinize interplay air and Focusing panel top twenty polluted nations from 2000 2021, findings yield substantial insights. Notably, PM concentration emerges as significant factor, correlating reduction in life expectancy by 3.69 years an increase infant mortality rates 0.294%. Urbanization found 0.083 while concurrently decreasing 0.00022%. An real per capita gross domestic product corresponds improvement 0.21 decrease 0.00065%. Similarly, elevated school enrollment rate associated rise 0.17 decline 0.00032%. However, higher population growth modestly 0.019 slightly elevate 0.000016%. The analysis reveals that greenhouse gas emissions exert negative impact, diminishing 0.486 elevating 0.00061%, energy consumption marginally reduces 0.026 increases 0.00004%. Additionally, economic volatility shock presents notable decrement 0.041 0.000045%, inflationary further exacerbating outcomes lowering 0.70 0.00025%. Moreover, scrutinizes role institutional quality, revealing constructive impact Specifically, quality index 0.66% 0.0006%. Extending examine dimensions discern institutions wield stronger positive influence compared political governance indices. Finally, results underscore pivotal moderating mitigating deleterious outcomes, counterbalancing external shocks, improving relationships explanatory variables outcome indicators. These offer critical insights guiding evidence-based policy implications, focus fostering resilient, sustainable, health-conscious societies.

Language: Английский

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The COVID-19 Pandemic, Stress, and Eating Practices in the United States

European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 950 - 956

Published: Oct. 3, 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the lives of people worldwide. In this study, we assessed burden stress during and its relationship with eating practices in a national random sample American adults. Data were collected using an online survey participants asked about their demographic characteristics, perceived stress, April 2020. Compared to counterparts, average scores statistically significantly higher for racial ethnic minority individuals, those who employed part-time, single, lived Midwest, ≤35 years age. More than one-tenth reported practicing more unhealthy lockdowns: fasting (16%), restricting (20%), skipping meals (25%), overeating (39%). Concerning overall perception diet, nearly third that diet had worsened (31%). adjusted unadjusted analyses after controlling engaging worsened. Policymakers public health practitioners should redouble efforts preventing morbidity premature mortality by implementing interventions address multiple detrimental stressors pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Food insecurity and housing instability as determinants of cardiovascular health outcomes: A systematic review

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(7), P. 1590 - 1608

Published: April 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and urge urinary incontinence: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2013 to 2018

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the association between urge urinary incontinence (UUI) and weight-adjusted waist circumference index (WWI), a newly developed measure of obesity. Data from 2013–2018 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in present cross-sectional study. Urge was identified by self-reported urine leakage before reaching toilet. Weighted multivariate logistic regression generalized additive models used connection WWI UUI its nonlinearity. The nonlinear relationship explored using smoothed curve fitting. Additionally, further analyses performed on subgroups interaction tests conducted. In study, total 14,118 individuals enrolled, with prevalence rate 21.18%. Overall more prevalent elevated (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.13–12.8, P < 0.0001), which similar results observed weekly 1.32, 1.18–1.48, 0.0001) daily 1.27, 1.06–1.53, = 0.0091) UUI. And this remained steady among all ( > 0.05 for interactions). Smoothed fitting showed no addition, stronger correlation found risk than other obesity indicators such as (WC) body mass (BMI). Among US adults, values are positively associated odds show associations WC BMI. Further studies required elucidate causal

Language: Английский

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Food insecurity, environment, institutional quality, and health outcomes: evidence from South Asia

Globalization and Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 8, 2024

Abstract Background Food insecurity and environmental degradation pose significant threats to health outcomes in South Asia, necessitating effective policy interventions. Therefore, this study aims examine the impact of food on outcome indicators amidst global inflationary shocks institutional quality arrangements. Additionally, it explore intricate moderating role relationship between insecurity, endogenous variables, external shocks. Method In alignment with study’s objectives, a set panel data spanning from 2000 2021 is compiled for Asia. The introduces novel variable representing shock, crafted through integration inflation datapoints application generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model. distinctive aggregate index formulated, drawing six key measures Worldwide Governance indicators. To scrutinize effects degradation, other explanatory employs two-step system method moment technique, offering robust analytical approach uncover complex relationships dynamics region. Results results indicate that prevalence undernourishment, inequality per capita calorie intake, CO 2 emissions significantly reduce life expectancy increase mortality rates. shows kilocalorie supply, GDP, expenditures, urbanization are statistically increasing decreasing findings reveal severely affect factors, exerting further pressure contemporary rebuttal, found have rates, respectively. Furthermore, nexus while also neutralizing negative subject. Conclusion verify triple constraints such as economic vulnerability shocks, which impose severe poor identified hindrance suggest specific implications explicitly discussed.

Language: Английский

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Food insecurity, inflammation, and immune function among older US adults: Findings from the health and Retirement study

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 119, P. 28 - 35

Published: March 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Association of Food Insecurity With Allostatic Load Among Older Adults in the US

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(12), P. e2137503 - e2137503

Published: Dec. 7, 2021

Importance

Allostatic overload, a biomarker of wear and tear, could be the potential pathway through which food insecurity leads to increased morbidity risk.

Objective

To assess association with allostatic load (AL) among US adults aged 50 years or older.

Design, Setting, Participants

A multiwave longitudinal cohort study was conducted using data from 2006 2014 waves Health Retirement Study in national setting. The comprise 26 509 person-years observations 14 394 noninstitutionalized individuals older during period. Data were analyzed September 1 December 14, 2020.

Exposures

Moderate (not enough money buy needed) severe (reduced intake due financial constraints) measured at household level.

Main Outcomes Measures

AL score (0-9, higher scores indicating greater risk physiologic dysregulation) binary indicators dysregulated inflammatory (C-reactive protein), cardiovascular (systolic diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, cystatin C), metabolic (hemoglobin A_1c, body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, total cholesterol high-density lipoprotein ratio) systems.

Results

Of participants included analysis, median age 60 (IQR, 56-69) years, 8143 (56.6%) women, 517 (3.6%) moderately insecure, 804 (5.6%) severely insecure. In adjusted models, incidence rate 1.05 (95% CI, 1.00-1.09) times for moderate 1.11 1.07-1.15) insecurity, compared those who secure. associated C-reactive protein level (odds ratio [OR], 1.22; 95% 1.04-1.44), C (OR, 1.23; 1.01-1.51), hemoglobin A_1clevel 1.27; 1.01-1.59), index 1.84; 1.41-2.40), 1.54; 1.26-1.88), 1.32; 1.10-1.59) inflated high-risk range. interaction between Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) enrollment (β = −0.18;P .001) SNAP −0.09;P .02) reduction AL.

Conclusions Relevance

this older, AL, mainly dysregulation may modify

Language: Английский

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Smoking Increases Mortality Risk Among African Americans With Chronic Kidney Disease

American Journal of Medicine Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100066 - 100066

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Smoking and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) have a disproportionately high prevalence among African-American (AA) adults, but their impact on mortality is not well known. Given the lack of evidence in published literature specific factors affecting relationship between chronic kidney disease AA we examined influence smoking adults with CKD. The National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 1999 to 2010) data were analyzed study participants prospectively followed up for analysis through December 31, 2019, using Death Index (NDI) death certificate records. A total 6,108 included sample more than two fifths (44.9%) being smokers 6.3% having individuals CKD had 2.22 (95%CI=1.38-3.57) times risk cardiovascular mortality, when stratified by smoking, who current 3.21 mortality. Similarly, CKD, all-cause was 3.53 (95% CI=1.31-9.47), status, 5.54 are highly prevalent frequently co-occur leading higher rates cessation interventions should be priority collaborative care models interdisciplinary teams smoker status.

Language: Английский

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