Mixtures of Diethyl Azelate as Novel Nonopioid Modalities for Pain Management

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Introduction Effective pain management is essential for improving the quality of life. Currently, we have medications to address both mild and severe pain, but there remains a therapeutic gap that not adequately managed by over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Prescription opioids can lead addiction, respiratory suppression, even death. OTC relief options often lack potency required alleviate more intense while stronger treatments, though effective, carry risks addiction other adverse effects, limiting their long-term use. This situation underscores urgent need safer, nonopiate alternatives. Both musculoskeletal from animal toxin envenomation share common mechanisms, including structural changes plasma membrane trigger signaling cascades membrane-associated phospholipases. Diethyl azelate (DEA), medium-chain fatty acid ester, represents new class NSAIDs reversibly alter structure function. DEA mitigates insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inhibits exogenous endogenous phospholipases PLD PLA2, which are involved in signaling. study aimed evaluate analgesic properties combination with topical penetration enhancers. Methodology Analgesic activities DEA, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), turpentine, 32 miscellaneous terpenes (including D-limonene, menthol, b-pinene), cannabinoid oil, pelargonic vanillylamide, non-prescription analgesics drug controls were examined as single entities mixtures cutaneous mechanical sensitivity (CMS) assays utilized standardized Von Frey monofilaments (fibers) variable forces. In addition, DMSO, D-limonene tested reagents hemolysis assay vitro. Inhibition was used surrogate endpoint PLA2 enzymatic activity bee venom. Results Mixtures DMSO showed synergy most pronounced at equimolar ratios components. The maximum duration suppression CMS 72 h achieved 78% 22% DMSO. Multi-component limonene, a-pinene (but menthol demonstrated additional enhancement relatively narrow range concentrations. limonene bell-shaped dose responses, suggesting effects merely due tissue penetration. multi-component suggested competition between individual components certain concentration ranges. observed related diesters azelaic acid, diethyl suberate, sebacate. hemolytic assays, ineffective agents concentrations, specific mixture thereof significantly suppressed caused PLA2. Conclusion findings warrant further development select novel modalities.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of Mentha genus essential oils with in vitro and in silico approaches

Industrial Crops and Products, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 227, P. 120783 - 120783

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Nigella sativa: A Comprehensive Review of Its Therapeutic Potential, Pharmacological Properties, and Clinical Applications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13410 - 13410

Published: Dec. 14, 2024

Nigella sativa (NS) is an annual herb belonging to the Ranunculaceae family, also known as black cumin or seed. This plant has been used since ancient times due its therapeutic properties and proven effective in gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular, infectious, inflammatory conditions. In this review, aim highlight effects of Arab countries “the that cures any disease”, which are provided by phytochemical compounds composition, such thymoquinone, p-cymene, α-thujene, longifolene, β-pinene, α-pinene, carvacrol. These confer antioxidant effect seeds, leading a significant decrease ROS potent anti-inflammatory effect. Also, NS seeds may have synergistic with other drugs, chemotherapeutic agents antibiotics, lead reduction dose, improved effect, could overcoming obstacles drug resistance. The studies review showed potential be agent both monotherapy adjuvant. Although there demonstrating NS, need for much more extensive research clinical trials clearly established objectives so mechanism action active substances better understood. With data far, can food production small quantities administered short periods. Further investigations understanding profile most mode administration, well clearer perspective on toxicological NS.

Language: Английский

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Comparative study of a commercial formula containing natural antimicrobials versus oral cephalexin or topical chlorhexidine‐miconazole therapies for treating superficial pyoderma in dogs

Veterinary Dermatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Abstract Background Chronic and recurrent pyoderma in dogs is driving a growing interest natural antimicrobial products that offer minimal adverse effects avoid antibiotic resistance. Objectives Evaluate the safety efficacy of dermatological with peptides plant extracts, comparing them to chlorhexidine + miconazole cephalexin therapy for superficial dogs. Materials Methods Forty‐five underwent clinical, cytopathological microbiological diagnosis, were randomly assigned Group 1 (G1) treated shampoo (two weekly baths) lotion (twice daily on affected areas) containing antimicrobials; 2 (G2) two baths using therapeutic 2% 2.5% miconazole; or 3 (G3) oral 30 mg/kg twice daily. Staphylococcus spp. strains identified matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation–time flight mass spectrometry pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS)/lesion scores evaluated Day (D)0, D7, D14, D21 D28. Results Statistical differences ( p < 0.05) noted between D0 D28 PVAS values lesion all groups. G1 had lower than other groups D7 D14 G3 D7. By D28, G2. Notably, G2 no effects, while 26% patients experienced gastrointestinal issues during therapy. Conclusions Clinical Relevance This preliminary investigation new product suggests it effective, safe promising topical treatment managing dogs, offering an alternative systemic antibiotics antiseptic treatments.

Language: Английский

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Binary Combinations of Essential Oils: Antibacterial Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus, and Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(3), P. 438 - 438

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Background: The lack of new antimicrobial drugs and increased resistance has focused attention on the employment essential oils (EOs) in human veterinary medicine. aim this study was to test binary associations between known uncommon EOs. Methods: EOs from Origanum vulgare L., Juniperus communis Cistus ladaniferus Citrus aurantium L. var. amara were tested individually combinations study, as follows: antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) Escherichia coli; antioxidant capacity via redox-based assays (DPPH, ABTS FRAP); anti-inflammatory bovine serum albumin denaturation inhibition assay. Results: O. showed good all strains (MIC = 0.03–0.12%, v/v), followed by C. also had best activities. Synergistic additive effects observed for EO L./C. L./J. MRSA, respectively. A reduction biofilm noted. Antioxidant activities detected. Conclusions: results suggest that may be a promising strategy settings treatment infectious diseases caused drug-resistant biofilm-forming accompanied oxidative stress inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Unleashing potential of microbial biosynthesis of monoterpenes via enzyme and metabolic engineering

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108525 - 108525

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Theoretical study of the formation of inclusion complexes with some terpenes using different solvating models

Journal of Molecular Modeling, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(3)

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Language: Английский

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Pesticidal Activity of Citrus Fruits for the Development of Sustainable Fruit-Processing Waste Management and Agricultural Production

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 754 - 754

Published: March 1, 2025

The annual global production of citrus fruits is over 150 million tons, and 40–50% the are processed into juices other products. processing generates a large amount waste causes environmental issues. In order to reduce impacts, several approaches for management were proposed. fruit contains functional compounds, but extraction these compounds requires adequate facilities. not suitable carry long distances due high percent water content its heavy weight, it store time occurrence fermentation. Some target use in proximity factories. application crop agricultural fields close faculties one possible options. evidence as herbicidal, nematocidal, insecticidal, anti-fungal materials has been accumulated literature three decades. Several involved functions have also identified fruits. However, there no review article focusing on pesticidal activity against weeds, herbivore insects, parasitic nematodes, pathogenic fungi. This first providing an overview such activities

Language: Английский

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Biochemical Screening of Phytochemicals and Identification of Scopoletin as a Potential Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, Revealing Its Biophysical Impact on Structural Stability

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 402 - 402

Published: March 12, 2025

The main protease (Mpro or 3CLpro nsp5) of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to the life cycle and pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2, making it an attractive drug target develop antivirals. This study employed virtual screening a few phytochemicals, resultant best compound, Scopoletin, was further investigated by FRET-based enzymatic assay, revealing experimental IC50 15.75 µM. impact Scopoletin on Mpro biophysical MD simulation studies. Fluorescence spectroscopy identified strong binding constant 3.17 × 104 M⁻1 for Mpro, as demonstrated its effective fluorescence quenching Mpro. Additionally, CD showed significant reduction in helical content upon interaction with Scopoletin. findings thermodynamic measurements using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) supported spectroscopic data, indicating tight KA 2.36 103 M−1. Similarly, studies have also revealed that forms hydrogen bonds amino acids nearest active site, this has been molecular dynamics These indicate may be developed potential antiviral treatment targeting

Language: Английский

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Combating multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus infection using terpene and its derivative

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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