Alleviating anxiety and taming trauma: Novel pharmacotherapeutics for anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 226, P. 109418 - 109418

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Psychiatric disorders associated with psychological trauma, stress and anxiety are a highly prevalent increasing cause of morbidity worldwide. Current therapeutic approaches, including medication, effective in alleviating symptoms posttraumatic disorder (PTSD), at least some individuals, but have unwanted side-effects do not resolve underlying pathophysiology. After period stagnation, there is renewed enthusiasm from public, academic commercial parties designing developing drug treatments for these disorders. Here, we aim to provide snapshot the current state this field that written neuropharmacologists, also practicing clinicians interested lay-reader. introducing currently available treatments, summarize recent/ongoing clinical assessment novel medicines PTSD, grouped according primary neurochemical targets their potential produce acute and/or enduring effects. The evaluation putative targeting monoamine (including psychedelics), GABA, glutamate, cannabinoid, cholinergic neuropeptide systems, amongst others, discussed. We emphasize importance clinically assessing new medications based on firm understanding neurobiology stemming rapid advances being made neuroscience. This includes harnessing neuroplasticity bring about lasting beneficial changes brain rather than – as many transient attenuation symptoms, exemplified by combining psychotropic/cognitive enhancing drugs psychotherapeutic approaches. conclude noting other emerging trends promising phase development.

Language: Английский

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Characteristics of Hydrogels as a Coating for Microneedle Transdermal Delivery Systems with Agomelatine

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 322 - 322

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Agomelatine (AGM) is an effective antidepressant with low oral bioavailability due to intensive hepatic metabolism. Transdermal administration of agomelatine may increase its and reduce the doses necessary for therapeutic effects. However, transdermal delivery requires crossing stratum corneum barrier. For this purpose, use microneedles efficiency administration. The aim study was prepare agomelatine-loaded hydrogel suitable coating drug AGM. optimized formulations were subjected spectroscopic rheological characterization mechanical tests, as well tested release through artificial membrane permeation human skin ex vivo. Both hydrogels found have parameters using dip-coating method, including stability substance at process temperature, shear-thinning behavior, appropriate textural such adhesion or hardness. Additionally, two potential application alone because gels showed properties application. In case, ethanol gel characterized by higher permeability better spreadability. information obtained in will allow preparation coated agomelatine.

Language: Английский

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Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Improve Emotional State

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 407 - 407

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Emotional experiences are a part of our lives. The maladaptive functioning an individual's emotional field can lead to disturbances various kinds, such as anxiety and depression. Currently, there is increasing prevalence disorders that cause great human suffering high socioeconomic costs. processing has biological basis. major neuroscientific theories emotion based on functioning, all them take into account the anatomy function tenth cranial nerve: vagus nerve. nerve connects subdiaphragmatic supradiaphragmatic areas modulates basis interoceptive functioning. Auricular stimulation new innovative neuromodulation technique Several interventions have shown this neurostimulation very promising resource for treating disorders. In paper, we summarise three emotion, explain what transcutaneous auricular is, present arguments its use continued research.

Language: Английский

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Update on treatments for anxiety-related disorders

Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(2), P. 140 - 145

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

Purpose of review This examines recent evidence that informs the treatment anxiety-related disorders. Recent findings In addition to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and norepinephrine (SNRIs), benzodiazepines, agomelatine has demonstrated efficacy in treating generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Other novel products, such as ketamine, psilocybin cannabidiol, are process gathering support psychological therapy, various treatments for disorders, mindfulness-based intervention, acceptance commitment psychodynamic emotion-focused therapy dialectical behavioural have been tried. Still, most therapies not proven superior cognitive (CBT). very preliminary findings: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was effective GAD; direct current (tDCS) social (SAD) GAD augmented exposure specific fears. Internet mobile-based interventions comparable face-to-face therapy. Summary Pharmacotherapy disorders is expanding products. Despite trying other were but CBT. rTMS tDCS also used show early promise GAD, further studies needed. Most internet or mobile app based on CBT, some can be considered alternatives in-person

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Agomelatine on Cognitive Function and Inflammatory Factor Levels in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(03), P. 2412 - 2418

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Circadian attributes of neurological and psychiatric disorders as basis for their medication chronotherapy

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115576 - 115576

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Agomelatine attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats Through the activation of MT1/2 receptors and attenuation of oxidative stress

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 177659 - 177659

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Programmed cell death and melatonin: A comprehensive review

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(5)

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Agomelatine's antiglycoxidative action—In vitro and in silico research and systematic literature review

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 25, 2023

Introduction Agomelatine is an atypical antidepressant drug enhancing norepinephrine and dopamine liberation; nevertheless, additional mechanisms are considered for the drug's pharmacological action. Since protein glycoxidation plays a crucial role in depression pathogenesis, agomelatine's impact on carbonyl/oxidative stress was research purpose. Methods Reactive oxygen species scavenging (hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, nitrogen oxide) antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical ferrous ion chelating assays) of agomelatine were marked. Agomelatine's antiglycoxidation properties assayed sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose) aldehydes- (glyoxal methylglyoxal) glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA). Aminoguanidine α-lipoic acid used as standard glycation/oxidation inhibitors. Results did not show meaningful scavenging/antioxidant vs. standards. Sugars/aldehydes increased glycation (↑kynurenine, ↑N-formylkynurenine, ↑dityrosine, ↑advanced end products, ↑β-amyloid) oxidation (↑protein carbonyls products) parameters addition to BSA. Standards restored BSA baselines markers, unlike which sometimes even intensifies above + glycators levels. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated its very weak binding affinity. Discussion low affinity could proclaim non-specific bonding simplify attachment factors. Thereby, may stimulate brain adaptation systematic review indicates. Moreover, active metabolites exert antiglycoxidative effect.

Language: Английский

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Clinical Markers of Panic and Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Overlapping Symptoms, Different Course and Outcome

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 491 - 491

Published: March 9, 2023

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Panic (PD) share underlying neurobiological mechanisms several clinical features which, with medical comorbidities, may increase misdiagnosis delay proper treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate association between clinical/socio-demographic markers GAD/PD diagnosis. Outpatients (N = 290) PD or GAD were identified in mental health services Monza Milan (Italy). Descriptive analyses a binary logistic regression model performed. Post-onset psychiatric (p 0.05) 0.02) multiple co-morbidities associated GAD; treatment selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) PD, while diagnosis atypical antipsychotics GABAergic drugs 0.03), as well psychodynamic psychotherapy < 0.01). Discontinuation last pharmacological rather than one 0.02). patients have worse prognosis because more frequent co-morbidities, relapses poorer compliance. different approaches consistent available literature, is an original finding our study. Further studies on larger samples are necessary better characterize factors PD.

Language: Английский

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