A review on isoprene in human breath

Journal of Breath Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 037101 - 037101

Published: March 31, 2023

We summarize the history and review literature on isoprene in exhaled breath discuss current evidence models that describe its endogenous origin consequence for understanding levels their variations breath.

Language: Английский

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Origin of breath isoprene in humans is revealed via multi-omic investigations

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Plants, animals and humans metabolically produce volatile isoprene (C5H8). Humans continuously exhale exhaled concentrations differ under various physio-metabolic pathophysiological conditions. Yet unknown metabolic origin hinders to reach clinical practice as a biomarker. Screening 2000 individuals from consecutive mass-spectrometric studies, we herein identify five healthy German adults without isoprene. Whole exome sequencing in these reveals only one shared homozygous (European prevalence: <1%) IDI2 stop-gain mutation, which causes losses of enzyme active site Mg2+-cofactor binding sites. Consequently, the conversion isopentenyl diphosphate dimethylallyl (DMAPP) part cholesterol metabolism is prevented adults. Targeted depicts that rs1044261 variant (p.Trp144Stop) heterozygous deficient blood-relatives absent unrelated normal Wild-type IDI1 related serological parameters are all determines production DMAPP sources unlike plants, lack synthase its homologue. Human expressed skeletal-myocellular peroxisomes instant spikes exhalation during muscle activity underpins muscular lipolytic metabolism. Our findings translate clinically interpretable breath biomarker towards potential applications human medicine.

Language: Английский

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Possible toxicity of chronic carbon dioxide exposure associated with face mask use, particularly in pregnant women, children and adolescents – A scoping review

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. e14117 - e14117

Published: March 3, 2023

During the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic, face masks have become one of most important ubiquitous factors affecting human breathing. It increases resistance and dead space volume leading to a re-breathing CO

Language: Английский

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Wearing face masks as a potential source for inhalation and oral uptake of inanimate toxins – A scoping review

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 275, P. 115858 - 115858

Published: March 26, 2024

From 2020 to 2023 many people around the world were forced wear masks for large proportions of day based on mandates and laws. We aimed study potential face content release inanimate toxins.

Language: Английский

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Effects of wearing different face masks on cardiopulmonary performance at rest and exercise in a partially double-blinded randomized cross-over study

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 28, 2023

Abstract The use of face masks became mandatory during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Wearing may lead to complaints about laboured breathing and stress. influence different on cardiopulmonary performance was investigated in a partially double-blinded randomized cross-over design. Forty subjects (19–65 years) underwent body plethysmography, ergometry, exercise test 4-h wearing period without mask, with surgical mask (SM), community (CM), an FFP2 respirator (FFP2). Cardiopulmonary, physical, capnometric, blood gas related parameters were recorded. Breathing resistance work significantly increased while mask. During the increase minute ventilation tended be lower time longer than caused significant minimal decreases oxygen pressure, saturation, initial inspiratory carbon dioxide higher perceived physical exertion temperature humidity behind under very heavy exercise. All effects stronger when FFP2. at rest exercise, changed patterns sense physiological compensation representing health risk. for light had no effect gases.

Language: Английский

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RETRACTED: Physio-metabolic and clinical consequences of wearing face masks—Systematic review with meta-analysis and comprehensive evaluation

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 5, 2023

As face masks became mandatory in most countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, adverse effects require substantiated investigation.

Language: Английский

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A mathematical model for accurately predicting face mask wearer’s inhalation exposure to self-exhaled and external pollutants

Separation and Purification Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 336, P. 126312 - 126312

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Inhaled CO₂ Concentration While Wearing Face Masks: A Pilot Study Using Capnography

Environmental Health Insights, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Face masks are recommended based on the assumption that they protect against SARS-CoV-2 transmission, however studies their potential side effects still lacking. We aimed to evaluate inhaled air carbon dioxide (CO

Language: Английский

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Profiling of exhaled volatile organics in the screening scenario of a COVID-19 test center

iScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 105195 - 105195

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

Breath volatile organics (VOCs) may provide immediate information on infection mechanisms and host response. We conducted real-time mass spectrometry-based breath profiling in 708 non-preselected consecutive subjects the screening scenario of a COVID-19 test center. Recruited were grouped based PCR-confirmed status presence or absence flu-like symptoms. Exhaled VOC profiles SARS-CoV-2-positive cases (n = 36) differed from healthy 256) those with other respiratory infections 416). Concentrations most VOCs suppressed COVID-19. concentrations also between symptomatic asymptomatic cases. markers mirror effects onto host's cellular metabolism microbiome. Downregulation specific was attributed to suppressive SARS-CoV-2 gut pulmonary microbial metabolism. analysis holds potential for monitoring rather than primary diagnosis. offers unconventional insight into host-virus cross-talk microbiology enables non-invasive assessment disease manifestation.

Language: Английский

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Real-time metabolic monitoring under exhaustive exercise and evaluation of ventilatory threshold by breathomics: Independent validation of evidence and advances

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 12, 2022

Breath analysis was coupled with ergo-spirometry for non-invasive profiling of physio-metabolic status under exhaustive exercise. Real-time mass-spectrometry based continuous exhaled metabolites along breath-resolved spirometry and heart rate monitoring were executed while 14 healthy adults performed ergometric ramp exercise protocol until exhaustion. Arterial blood lactate level analyzed at defined time points. Respiratory-cardiac parameters exhalation several blood-borne volatiles changed continuously the course increasing workloads. Exhaled mirrored ventilatory and/or hemodynamic effects depended on origin physicochemical properties substances. At maximum workload, endogenous isoprene, methanethiol, dimethylsulfide, acetaldehyde, butanal, butyric acid acetone concentrations decreased significantly by 74, 25, 35, 46, 21, 2 2%, respectively. Observed trends in exogenous cyclohexadiene acetonitrile mimicked isoprene profile due to their similar solubility volatility. Assignment anaerobic threshold possible via breath acetone. Breathomics enabled instant thresholds during Profiles indicated from muscular vasoconstriction, compartmental distribution perfusion, extra-alveolar gas-exchange energy homeostasis. Sulfur containing compounds turned out be interesting investigations combined diet programs. Reproducible metabolic patterns have enhanced scopes breathomics sports science/medicine.

Language: Английский

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