Genetic and epigenetic regulation of growth, reproduction, disease resistance and stress responses in aquaculture

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 2, 2022

Major progress has been made with genomic and genetic studies in aquaculture the last decade. However, research on epigenetic regulation of traits is still at an early stage. It apparent that most, if not all, are regulated both levels. This paper reviews recent understanding important such as growth, reproduction, disease resistance, stress responses. Although it challenging to make generalized statements, DNA methylation mostly correlated down-regulation gene expression, especially when promoters enhancers. As such, growth factors their receptors negatively growth; hypomethylation genes for tolerance increased tolerance; male or female sex differentiation leads into males females, respectively. environmental mediated level regulation, environment-induced changes appeared be intergenerationally inherited, but evidences transgenerational inheritance limited.

Language: Английский

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Applying genetic technologies to combat infectious diseases in aquaculture

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 491 - 535

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

Disease and parasitism cause major welfare, environmental economic concerns for global aquaculture. In this review, we examine the status potential of technologies that exploit genetic variation in host resistance to tackle problem. We argue there is an urgent need improve understanding mechanisms involved, leading development tools can be applied boost reduce disease burden. draw on two pressing problems as case studies-sea lice infestations salmonids white spot syndrome shrimp. review how latest capitalised upon determine underlying inter- intra-species pathogen/parasite resistance, derived knowledge could using selective breeding, gene editing and/or with targeted feed treatments vaccines. Gene brings novel opportunities, but also implementation dissemination challenges, necessitates new protocols integrate technology into aquaculture breeding programmes. There ongoing minimise risks agents evolving overcome improvements insights from epidemiological evolutionary models pathogen infestation wild cultured populations are explored. Ethical issues around different approaches achieving discussed. Application has fundamental affecting provide effective pathways lead more resistant stocks, transforming

Language: Английский

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Infectious Salmon Anemia: The Current State of Knowledge Regarding ISAV

Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 28

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA), first reported in Norway 1984, is caused by Isavirus salaris (ISAV), which has two phenotypes: pathogenic (HPRΔ), causing high mortality farmed Atlantic salmon and significant economic losses, nonpathogenic (HPR0), widespread but non-lethal. However, HPR0 poses a persistent threat due to its potential mutate into forms, complicating detection, study, containment. This challenge exacerbated presence farming sites, hatcheries, wild fish populations. Effective control relies on strict regulatory policies, while future strategies focus developing biotechnological vaccines genetically resistant through selective breeding. review synthesizes peer-reviewed literature governmental data evaluate the global status of ISAV impact industry.

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide association study and transcriptomic analysis reveal the crucial role of sting1 in resistance to visceral white-nodules disease in Larimichthys polyactis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 28, 2025

Larimichthys polyactis is a promising marine fishery species, but visceral white-nodules disease (VWND) caused by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida causes significant losses. However, genetic resistance mechanisms to VWND remain elusive in this species. This study combined genome-wide association (GWAS) and transcriptome analysis unravel loci transcriptional regulation L. polyactis. As result, GWAS on 946 infected fish genotyped 100 K lipid chips identified 22 suggestive significantly associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), annotated 60 candidate genes, where DNA-sensing pathway were enriched. RNA-seq liver tissues of resistant, sensitive, control groups found immune-related pathways enriched the comparisons RL vs CL SL, autophagy-related SL SL. Then, integration seven key genes with VWND. Among expression levels mRNA for related cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator interferon (STING) signaling pathway, as well protein STING1, upregulated RL. Collectively, integrating KEGG analysis, gene revealed that importance STING1 resistance. These findings deepen available knowledge molecular host provide an important foundation selection breeding VWND-resistant

Language: Английский

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Triple gene disruption confers genetic resistance to infectious salmon anaemia virus in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 29, 2025

Abstract Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) poses a major threat to Atlantic ( Salmo salar ), causing significant economic losses in aquaculture. Enhancing the genetic acquisition of resistance ISAV is therefore important for sustainable fish farming. While previous genome-wide CRISPR screens have identified potential targets salmon, no causative genes been functionally validated. In current study, we investigated three key genes— st6gal1, ccdc115 and sec14l1 —involved infection pathway as putative candidates resistance. The role these ISA was assessed by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) kidney (ASK) cells. We achieved high editing efficiencies with large fragment deletions (up 90 bp) using double sgRNAs at loci (89%, 100%, 100%) KO scores 100, 71, respectively. Although gene induced varying levels cell mortality, deletion significantly reduced productive replication. Our study provides functional validation antiviral candidate demonstrates utility tool dissect basis disease findings offer valuable insights into mechanisms underlying viral may guide future breeding engineering efforts improve

Language: Английский

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Understanding host response to infectious salmon anaemia virus in an Atlantic salmon cell line using single-cell RNA sequencing

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 29, 2023

Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus (ISAV) is an Orthomixovirus that represents a large problem for salmonid aquaculture worldwide. Current prevention and treatment methods are only partially effective. Genetic selection genome engineering have the potential to develop ISAV resistant salmon stocks. Both strategies can benefit from improved understanding of genomic regulation pathogenesis. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing Atlantic cell line provide first high dimensional insight into transcriptional landscape underpins host-virus interaction during early infection.Salmon head kidney (SHK-1) cells were sequenced at 24, 48 96 h post-ISAV challenge. At 24 post infection, showed expression signatures consistent with viral entry, genes such as PI3K, FAK or JNK being upregulated relative uninfected cells. h, infected clear anti-viral response, characterised by IFNA2 IRF2. Uninfected bystander also differences, potentially suggesting paracrine signalling These expressed pathways mRNA sensing, degradation, ubiquitination proteasome; up-regulation mitochondrial ribosome seemed play role in host response infection. Correlation between revealed novel key this fish-virus interaction.This study has increased our cellular infection interactions level. Our results highlight various interaction, which be manipulated future functional studies increase resistance ISAV.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomic response to ISAV infection in the gills, head kidney and spleen of resistant and susceptible Atlantic salmon

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

Infectious Salmon Anaemia virus (ISAV) is an orthomyxovirus responsible for large losses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture. Current available treatments and vaccines are not fully effective, therefore selective breeding to produce ISAV-resistant strains of a high priority the industry. Genomic selection potentially genome editing can be applied enhance disease resistance aquaculture stocks, both approaches benefit from increased knowledge on genomic mechanisms ISAV. To improve our understanding underlying ISAV we performed transcriptomic study ISAV-infected with contrasting levels this virus.Three different tissues (gills, head kidney spleen) were collected 12 resistant susceptible fish at three timepoints (pre-challenge, 7 14 days post challenge) RNA sequenced. The transcriptomes infected non-infected compared each timepoint. results show that responses organ-specific; important response infection was observed kidney, up-regulation immune processes such as interferon NLR pathways, while gills spleen more moderate. In addition related genes, suggest other ubiquitination ribosomal processing during early Moreover, comparison between has also highlighted some interesting genes ubiquitination, intracellular transport inflammasome.Atlantic by revealed organ-specific response, implying differential function infection. An these timepoints, showed modest comparison. Comparison samples have interest further studies, instance those or inflammasome.

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis provide the SNPs and molecular insights into the visceral nodular disease tolerance in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 595, P. 741585 - 741585

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Optimising commercial traits through gene editing in aquaculture: Strategies for accelerating genetic improvement

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 1127 - 1159

Published: Dec. 26, 2023

Abstract Aquaculture is one of the fastest‐growing food production sectors. As global human population continues to increase and further pressure added prospects achieving security, aquaculture expected play an integral role in meeting future nutrition demands. With advances genetic technologies over recent years, much progress has been made within realm selective breeding. Despite success, breeding programs have limitations rate gain they can achieve. The incorporation targeted technologies, such as gene editing, into research related will help identify specific genes commercially desirable traits, well expedite improvement. This review summarises encompassing most commonly traits using editing aquaculture, namely reproduction development, pigmentation, growth disease resistance. In addition, this illustrates how improvement through rapid fixation alleles, suggests strategies accelerate for production.

Language: Английский

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The genomic architecture of high temperature tolerance in a year class of Atlantic Salmon

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 578, P. 740020 - 740020

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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