Phytomelatonin: an unexpected molecule with amazing performances in plants

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 73(17), P. 5779 - 5800

Published: Jan. 12, 2022

Phytomelatonin, a multifunctional molecule that has been found to be present in all plants examined date, an important role as modulatory agent (a biostimulator) improves plant tolerance both biotic and abiotic stress. We review of phytomelatonin considers its roles metabolism particular interactions with hormone network. In the primary plants, melatonin rate efficiency photosynthesis, well related factors such stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, Rubisco activity. It also shown down-regulate some senescence transcription factors. Melatonin up-regulates many enzyme transcripts carbohydrates (including sucrose starch), amino acids, lipid metabolism, optimizing N, P, S uptake. With respect secondary clear increases polyphenol, glucosinolate, terpenoid, alkaloid contents have described numerous melatonin-treated plants. Generally, most genes these biosynthesis pathways up-regulated by melatonin. The great regulatory capacity is result control redox networks. acts master regulator, up-/down-regulating different levels signalling, key player homeostasis. counteract diverse critical situations pathogen infections stresses, provide varying degrees tolerance. propose possible future applications for crop improvement post-harvest product preservation.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: May 9, 2022

Melatonin is a multi-functional molecule that ubiquitous in all living organisms. performs essential roles plant stress tolerance; its application can reduce the harmful effects of abiotic stresses. Plant melatonin biosynthesis, which usually occurs within chloroplasts, and related metabolic pathways have been extensively characterized. regulates responses by directly inhibiting accumulation reactive oxygen nitrogen species, indirectly affecting response pathways. In this review, we summarize recent research concerning metabolism, antioxidation; focus on melatonin-mediated tolerance to stresses including drought, waterlogging, salt, heat, cold, heavy metal toxicity, light others. We also examine exogenous treatment plants under stress. Finally, discuss future perspectives applications plants.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin-priming enhances maize seedling drought tolerance by regulating the antioxidant defense system

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 191(4), P. 2301 - 2315

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Abstract Drought stress (DS) challenges sustainable agriculture production by limiting crop growth and development. The objective of the study was to evaluate effect melatonin-priming on enzymatic non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms its relation with leaf ultrastructure stomatal traits in maize (Zea mays L) seedlings under DS (PEG-6000). drastically decreased seed germination, plant growth, chlorophyll content due excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Melatonin-priming significantly (P < 0.05) increased root length, shoot fresh seedling weight, proline content, total soluble protein sugar aperture size 101%, 30%, 133%, 51%, 22%, 59%, 54%, 20%, 424%, compared no priming (NP) DS, respectively. Similarly, improved reduced amount loss oxidative damage seedlings. Melatonin 500 µM melatonin (M2) greatly superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), glutathione, ascorbate (AsA) activity, 65%, 63%, 94%, 41%, 55% NP 0.26%, 8%, 33%, 42%, 15% no-stress (NS), also malondialdehyde electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) anion (O2−) 26%, 31%, 33% 18%, 10%, 11% NS, In response stabilized chloroplast structure, sustained cell expansion, protected walls, traits, including number, width. Our results suggest that improves drought tolerance alleviating negative ROS.

Language: Английский

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Harnessing Phytohormones: Advancing Plant Growth and Defence Strategies for Sustainable Agriculture

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(3)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Phytohormones, pivotal regulators of plant growth and development, are increasingly recognized for their multifaceted roles in enhancing crop resilience against environmental stresses. In this review, we provide a comprehensive synthesis current research on utilizing phytohormones to enhance productivity fortify defence mechanisms. Initially, introduce the significance orchestrating growth, followed by potential utilization bolstering defences diverse stressors. Our focus then shifts an in‐depth exploration mediating responses biotic stressors, particularly insect pests. Furthermore, highlight impact agricultural production while underscoring existing gaps limitations hindering widespread implementation practices. Despite accumulating body field, integration into agriculture remains limited. To address discrepancy, propose framework investigating intricate interplay between sustainable agriculture. This advocates adoption novel technologies methodologies facilitate effective deployment settings also emphasizes need through rigorous field studies. By outlining roadmap advancing agriculture, review aims catalyse transformative changes practices, fostering sustainability settings.

Language: Английский

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Biochemical and yield response of spring wheat to drought stress through gibberellic and abscisic acids

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Drought stress significantly impacts wheat productivity, but plant growth regulators may help mitigate these effects. This study examined the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic (ABA) on (Triticum aestivum L., CV: Giza 171) yield under different water regimes. Using a split-plot design, we tested three drought levels as main plots: normal irrigation (80% field capacity), moderate (60% severe (40% capacity). Subplots consisted GA3 ABA treatments at 100 200 ppm concentrations. Results showed that treatment enhanced multiple parameters irrigation, including height (25–30% increase), leaf area (30–35% reproductive traits increase in number spikes, 35% grains per spike). In contrast, resulted reduced (35% decrease) greater reduction vs. 20% control) conditions. also improved physiological catalase superoxide dismutase activities, protein content, proline accumulation. These findings demonstrate distinct roles regulating responses, providing valuable insights for management cultivation.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin Application Alleviates Stress-Induced Photosynthetic Inhibition and Oxidative Damage by Regulating Antioxidant Defense System of Maize: A Meta-Analysis

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 512 - 512

Published: March 8, 2022

Melatonin is effective in modulating metabolism and regulating growth development many plants under biotic abiotic stress. However, there no systematic quantification of melatonin effects on maize growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll content, the antioxidant defense system. A meta-analysis was conducted thirty-two currently available published articles to evaluate effect stress types, study varieties response ratio (lnRR++) "melatonin" "control (no melatonin)" plant enzyme activities, exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigments. Our findings revealed that application overall increased height, leaf area, root length, fresh dry weight shoot weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxide (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), soluble sugar protein, rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration chlorophyll, carotenoid conditions. In contrast, decreased levels hydrogen (H2O2), anion (O2-), malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage. The categorical demonstrated chilling resulted higher SOD activity followed by salt all types POD, CAT APX except Cd stress, which had POD 38% compared control. Compared control, lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) leakage Cd, drought, salt, lead, heat, (pot, chamber, hydroponic, field), O2 content not affected pot chamber studies. It concluded alleviates oxidative damage improving tolerance, system, increasing

Language: Английский

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Interactive Effects of Melatonin and Nitrogen Improve Drought Tolerance of Maize Seedlings by Regulating Growth and Physiochemical Attributes

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 359 - 359

Published: Feb. 11, 2022

Melatonin plays an important role in numerous vital life processes of animals and has recently captured the interests plant biologists because its potent plants. As well as possible contribution to photoperiodic processes, melatonin is believed act a growth regulator and/or direct free radical scavenger/indirect antioxidant. However, identifying precise concentration with optimum nitrogen level for particular application method improve requires identification clarification. This work establishes inimitable findings by optimizing nitrogen, alleviating detrimental effects drought stress maize seedlings. Maize seedlings were subjected 40-45% field capacity (FC) at five-leaf stage, followed soil drenching 100 µM three levels (200, 250, 300 kg ha-1) consider changes seedling growth. Our results showed that significantly inhibited physiological biochemical parameters remarkably improved attributes, chlorophyll pigments, fluorescence, gas exchange parameters. Moreover, profoundly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation increasing antioxidant metabolism enzyme activities under drought-stress conditions. It was concluded mitigating potential (250 N improves growth, photosynthetic efficiency, enzymatic activity

Language: Английский

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Melatonin Mitigates Drought Induced Oxidative Stress in Potato Plants through Modulation of Osmolytes, Sugar Metabolism, ABA Homeostasis and Antioxidant Enzymes

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 1151 - 1151

Published: April 24, 2022

The effect of melatonin (MT) on potato plants under drought stress is still unclear in the available literature. Here, we studied MT as a foliar application at 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mM grown well-watered stressed conditions during most critical period early tuberization stage. results indicated that conditions, exogenous significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved shoot fresh weight, dry chlorophyll (Chl; a, b + b), leaf relative water content (RWC), free amino acids (FAA), non-reducing sugars, total soluble cell membrane stability index, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (G-POX), ascorbate (APX) compared to untreated plants. Meanwhile, carotenoids, proline, methylglyoxal (MG), H2O2, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA) abscisic acid (ABA) were decreased These responses may reveal protective role against induced carbonyl/oxidative enhancing antioxidative defense systems. Furthermore, tuber yield was differentially responded treatments conditions. Since, applied-MT led an obvious decrease In contrast, substantially increased by MT-treatments up 0.1 mM. imply deficiency, can regulate process hindering ABA transport from root system, one hand, increasing sugars other hand.

Language: Английский

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Amelioration of AsV toxicity by concurrent application of ZnO-NPs and Se-NPs is associated with differential regulation of photosynthetic indexes, antioxidant pool and osmolytes content in soybean seedling

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 225, P. 112738 - 112738

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Arsenic is a significant food safety and environmental concern due to its mutagenic carcinogenic effect on living organism. Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) global staple crop grown intensively in arsenic-contaminated regions of the world (e.g., Southern Province China). Therefore, objective this study was investigate whether Se-NPs and/or ZnO-NPs could be used as an eco-friendly efficient amendment reduce arsenic uptake toxicity soybean. Ten-days-old seedling, vermiculite, were transferred hydroponic media further till V2 growth stage appeared. AsV (25 μM Na2HAsO4) stressed plants treated with ZnONP ZnO) SeNP Se) separately combination, which for another 10 d. The result demonstrated that arsenic-treated soybean displayed reduction photosynthetic efficiency, increased proline glycine betaine accumulation tissues, altered antioxidant activity compared untreated control. application zinc oxide selenium nanoparticles, both independently tandem, reduced stress root shoot tissues rescued plant health. This reflected through levels glutathione content, ascorbic acid, various photosynthesis- antioxidant-relevant enzymes. In addition, nanoparticle-treated higher expression defense- detoxification-related genes controls. Cellular toxicants (i.e., oxidized glutathione, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde) upon nanoparticle treatment. These data collectively suggest nanoparticles may solution ameliorate agricultural soils plants.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin-Induced Protection Against Plant Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Prospects

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 9, 2022

Global warming in this century increases incidences of various abiotic stresses restricting plant growth and productivity posing a severe threat to global food production security. The produces different osmolytes hormones combat the harmful effects these stresses. Melatonin (MT) is hormone that possesses excellent properties improve performance under It associated with improved physiological molecular processes linked seed germination, development, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, defence against other In parallel, MT also increased accumulation multiple osmolytes, sugars endogenous (auxin, gibberellic acid, cytokinins) mediate resistance stress. Stress condition plants often reactive oxygen species. has antioxidant substantially scavenges species by increasing activity enzymatic non-enzymatic antioxidants stress conditions. Moreover, upregulation stress-responsive enzyme genes makes it an stress-inducing molecule. However, produced not sufficient induce tolerance. Therefore, development transgenic biosynthesis could be promising approach enhancing This review, therefore, focuses on possible role induction plants. We further discussed critical as potential for improving addition, we addressed shed light future research directions. review would help readers learn more about changing environment provide new suggestions how knowledge used develop

Language: Английский

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