Carbon monoxide is involved in melatonin-enhanced drought resistance in tomato seedlings by enhancing chlorophyll synthesis pathway

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Abstract Background Drought is thought to be a major abiotic stress that dramatically limits tomato growth and production. As signal molecule, melatonin (MT) carbon monoxide (CO) can enhance plant resistance. However, the effect underlying mechanism of CO involving MT-mediated drought resistance in seedling remains unknown. In this study, ( Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Micro-Tom’) seedlings were used investigate interaction MT response stress. Results The was inhibited significantly under Exogenous or mitigated drought-induced impairment dose-dependent manner, with greatest efficiency provided by 100 500 µM, respectively. But application hemoglobin (Hb, scavenger) restrained positive effects on treatment promoted chlorophyll (Chl a) b) accumulations. Under stress, intermediate products biosynthesis such as protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), Mg-protoporphyrin (Mg-Proto potochlorophyllide (Pchlide) heme increased CO, but uroporphyrinogen III (Uro III) content decreased MT-treated CO-treated seedlings. Meanwhile, up-regulated expression synthetic-related genes SlUROD , SlPPOX SlMGMT SlFECH SlPOR SlChlS SlCAO . almost reversed Hb. Conclusion results suggested alleviate facilitate synthesis Chl played an essential role MT-enhanced via facilitating pathway.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin-Mediated Molecular Responses in Plants: Enhancing Stress Tolerance and Mitigating Environmental Challenges in Cereal Crop Production

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 4551 - 4551

Published: April 21, 2024

Cereal crops are crucial for global food security; however, they susceptible to various environmental stresses that significantly hamper their productivity. In response, melatonin has emerged as a promising regulator, offering potential benefits stress tolerance and crop growth. This review explores the effects of on maize, sorghum, millet, rice, barley, wheat, aiming enhance resilience stress. The application shown outcomes, improving water use efficiency reducing transpiration rates in millet under drought conditions. Furthermore, it enhances salinity heavy metal by regulating activity stress-responsive genes. Similarly, sorghum its resistance high temperatures, low humidity, nutrient deficiency, potentially involving modulation antioxidant defense aspects related photosynthetic Melatonin also exerts protective against drought, salinity, metal, extreme waterlogging barley decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through system. molecular reactions upregulated photosynthesis, mechanisms, metabolic pathway, genes downregulated susceptibility conclusion, serves versatile tool cereal crops, bolstering promoting sustainable development. Further investigations warranted elucidate underlying mechanisms refine techniques fully harness role systems.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin and its cross-talk with other signaling molecules under abiotic stress

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100410 - 100410

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

Melatonin is a hormone-like substance that serves as secondary metabolite associated with variety of physiological, hormonal, and natural processes at the cell, tissue, organ levels. It acts plant biostimulant increase tolerance against abiotic stresses like ssalinity, drought, heat, cold heavy metals. in plants, also called phytomelatonin, participating cellular mechanisms ameliorates oxidative toxicity, hence helps to stand stress conditions. These exclusive properties strengthen defense capacity by stimulating detoxification reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting physiological attributes, activation stress-responsive genes ameliorate toxicity caused stress. As key molecule, it exhibits several important molecular interactions nitric oxide (NO), calcium (Ca2+), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sulfide (H2S). In this review article, we discuss salient role melatonin morphological adaptation well its involvement mitigation. Besides, under stress, interaction NO, Ca2+, H2O2, H2S has been demonstrated. This study will provide reference for elucidating regulatory mechanism influencing resistance plants.

Language: Английский

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Exogenous melatonin enhances heat stress tolerance in sweetpotato by modulating antioxidant defense system, osmotic homeostasis and stomatal traits

Horticultural Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2024

Heat stress hinders the growth and productivity of sweetpotato plants, predominantly through oxidative damage to cellular membranes. Therefore, development efficient approaches for mitigating heat-related impairments is essential long-term production sweetpotatoes. Melatonin has been recognised its capacity assist plants in dealing with abiotic conditions. This research aimed investigate how different doses exogenous melatonin influence heat plants. drastically affected shoot root fresh weight by 31.8 44.5%, respectively. reduction resulted characterised increased formation hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 804.4%, superoxide ion (O2•−) 211.5% malondialdehyde (MDA) 234.2%. also reduced chlorophyll concentration, photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) 15.3% gaseous exchange. However, pre-treatment 100 μmol · L-1 under stress. In particular, decreased H2O2, O2•− MDA 64.8%, 42.7% 38.2%, mitigated decline levels improved stomatal traits, exchange Fv/Fm (13%). Results suggested that favorable outcomes treatment can be associated elevated antioxidant enzyme activity an increase non-enzymatic antioxidants osmo-protectants. Overall, these findings indicate improve tolerance study will researchers further investigating makes sweetpotatoes more resistant

Language: Английский

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Melatonin mitigates drought stress by increasing sucrose synthesis and suppressing abscisic acid biosynthesis in tomato seedlings

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(4)

Published: July 1, 2024

The increasing prevalence of drought events poses a major challenge for upcoming crop production. Melatonin is tiny indolic tonic substance with fascinating regulatory functions in plants. While plants can respond several ways to alleviate stress, the processes underpinning stress sensing and signaling are poorly understood. Hereafter, objectives this investigation were explore putative melatonin regulation sugar metabolism abscisic acid biosynthesis drought-stressed tomato seedlings. (100 μM) and/or water foliar sprayed, followed by being imposed 14 days. Drought significantly decreased biomass accumulation, inhibited photosynthetic activity, stimulated senescence-associated gene 12 (SAG12) expression. treatment effectively reversed drought-induced growth retardation as evidenced increased leaf pigment balance restricted (ABA) accumulation. Sugar particularly sucrose content, was higher drought-imposed seedlings, possibly owing transcription levels non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnKR2.2) ABA-responsive element binding factors (AREB2). addition further uplifted which coincided activity synthase (SS, 130%), phosphate (SPS, 137%), starch degradation encoding enzyme β-amylase (BAM, 40%) α-amylase (AMY, 59%) upregulated their BAM1(10.3 folds) AMY3 (8.1 genes expression at day relative control. Under deficit conditions, supplementation ABA content (24%) its expressions. Additionally, transporter subfamily SUT1 SUT4 melatonin. Collectively, our findings illustrate that enhances tolerance seedlings stimulating negatively regulating synthesis.

Language: Английский

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Have All of the Phytohormonal Properties of Melatonin Been Verified?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3550 - 3550

Published: March 21, 2024

Melatonin is a ubiquitous regulator in plants and performs variety of physiological roles, including resistance to abiotic stress, regulation growth development, enhancement plant immunity. exhibits the characteristics phytohormone with its pleiotropic effects, biosynthesis, conjugation, catabolism, effective concentration, shape location dose-response curves. In addition, CAND2/PMTR1, phytomelatonin receptor candidate belonging G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), supports concept melatonin as phytohormone. However, biochemistry needs be further characterized. particular, some experimental findings date cannot explained by known GPCR signaling mechanisms, so studies are needed explore possibility novel mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Genotype-dependent resilience mediated by melatonin in sweet corn

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Water deficits, exacerbated by climate change and unpredictable weather, have become a significant global challenge to agricultural productivity. In this context, exogenous melatonin treatment is well documented as stress alleviator; however, its effects on various biological processes, particularly in less-explored genotypes, remain understudied. This study aimed enhance water deficit resilience sweet corn applying foliar four genotypes-Messenger, Dessert, Royalty, Tyson under two levels of deprivation induced polyethylene glycol at 8% 12% concentrations hydroponic, controlled environment. The treatments were assessed for their impact morphological, physiological, biochemical parameters both normal water-deficit conditions. Under severe (12% PEG), increased root length 75%, peroxidase activity 31% while reducing malondialdehyde content 34% genotype Dessert indicating enhanced antioxidant defense reduced oxidative damage. Likewise stomatal conductance 68%, with increasing specific area 125% deprivation. also improved chlorophyll-a 93% Royalty 37% Tyson, decrease 42% damage addition, photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) all genotypes 27% increase quantum yield across regardless the level. Overall, showed genotype-specific dose-dependent mitigating effects, offering promising strategy improve crop productivity limited environments. These results suggest practical application integrating into sustainable practices, such improving tolerance potentially other crops, maintain adverse climatic

Language: Английский

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Multivariate analysis compares and evaluates drought and flooding tolerances of maize germplasm

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 193(1), P. 339 - 355

Published: May 30, 2023

Drought and flooding are the two most important environmental factors limiting maize (Zea mays L.) production globally. This study aimed to investigate physiological mechanisms accurate evaluation indicators methods of germplasm involved in drought stresses. The twice replicated pot experiments with 60 varieties, combined field validation experiment 3 were conducted under well-watered, drought, conditions. Most varieties exhibited stronger tolerance than due higher antioxidant enzyme activities, osmotic adjustment substances, lower reactive oxygen species. In contrast, stress resulted levels species (particularly O2-), ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, soluble sugars but superoxide dismutase, proline, protein compared well-watered Superoxide sugars, contents, addition plant height, leaf area/plant, stem diameter, representative for evaluating stresses could determine a relatively high mean forecast accuracy 100.0% comprehensive value. A total 4 principal components extracted, which different played vital role resisting water Finally, screened by multivariate analysis was verified field. provides insights into stresses, be valuable further research breeding.

Language: Английский

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Mitigating drought and heavy metal stress in maize using melatonin and sodium nitroprusside

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Melatonin enhances salt tolerance in sorghum by modulating photosynthetic performance, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, and ion homeostasis

Open Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Melatonin is a potent antioxidant that can prevent plant damage caused by adverse stresses. It remains unclear whether exogenous melatonin mitigate the effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The aim this study was to decipher protective mechanisms (100 μmol/L) seedlings under NaCl-induced (120 mmol/L). Plant morphological, photosynthetic, physiological characteristics were analyzed at different timepoints after sowing. Results showed inhibited germination, growth, biomass accumulation reducing photosynthetic pigment contents, efficiency, root vigor, mineral uptake. In contrast, priming with enhanced biosynthesis, K+ content stress. application additionally activities enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase) increased levels non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid) in leaves. These changes accompanied increase leaf contents soluble sugars, proteins, proline, as well decrease hydrogen peroxide accumulation, malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage. Our findings indicate alleviate stress-induced through multifaceted mechanisms, such improving performance facilitating ion homeostasis osmoregulation, promoting defense reactive oxygen species scavenging.

Language: Английский

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