Point Prevalence Survey of Antibiotic Use in Level 1 hospitals in Zambia: Future Prospects for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 887 - 902

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The inappropriate prescribing and use of antibiotics have contributed to the emergence spread antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Zambia, there is a paucity information on patterns among hospitalized patients in level 1 hospitals. This study investigated antibiotic five hospitals Lusaka, Zambia. cross-sectional utilized World Health Organization (WHO) Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) methodology in-patients admitted before 08:00 a.m. survey day August 2024. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.0. prevalence inpatients was 59.0%, with ceftriaxone being most prescribed. Antibiotics prescribed mainly for paediatrics male inpatients. found that 53.0% from Access group while 38.2% Watch Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) classification. Adherence national treatment guidelines 36.0%, empirically without evidence culture sensitivity tests. high low adherence findings this demonstrate need establish strengthen stewardship programs laboratory capacity aid clinicians diagnosing, treating, managing across

Language: Английский

Substandard antibiotics and their clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients in southern Malawi: a pilot study

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 18, 2025

The burden of substandard antibiotics is high in low-middle income countries including Malawi. These poor-quality may cause deleterious effects on patients and promote drug resistance. We assessed the quality associated clinical outcomes among hospitalized southern A cross-sectional study involving review retrospective records was conducted adult at Zomba central, Machinga Nsanje district hospitals October 2022 January 2024. Trained pharmacy personnel recorded parenteral that were issued to medical wards. used these for matching sampling administered medicine batches patient files. In total, we reviewed 224 management files eligible patients, aiming assess recovery occurrence adverse reactions (ADRs) using a global trigger tool. collected nine samples ceftriaxone benzylpenicillin which subjected them tests content active pharmaceutical ingredients methods adapted from United States Pharmacopeia. For each sample, least ten dosage units Agilent® 1120 High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis. Of files, ADRs occurred 18.3% % (n = 41) while 12.05% 27) did not recover their illness. One sample found out specifications with only 61.8% declared amount ingredients. Among who received optimal API content, 15.8% experienced 10.5% failed containing lower than required API, 7.1% an ADR 14.3% differences were, however, statistically significant. Patient significantly patient's age Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), p < 0.05. present findings reveal significant based quality. Therefore, recommend larger prospective further validate results encourage stakeholders be more vigilant antibiotic medicines, as this crucial measure improving preventing resistance

Language: Английский

Antibiotic use at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Zone d'Abomey Calavi/Sô-Ava (CHUZ/AS) in Benin: a point prevalence survey

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Abstract Background Antimicrobial stewardship promotes the appropriate use of antibiotics to prevent emergence and spread antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluated using a point prevalence survey at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Zone d'Abomey Calavi/Sô-Ava (CHUZ/AS) in Benin. Methods cross-sectional utilized WHO methodology for monitoring antibiotic among inpatients hospitals. The was conducted from 11 January 2022 19 hospitalized patients before 8:00 a.m. on day survey. Results Of 111 inpatient medical files reviewed, 82.9%. number received per patient ranged 1 5, with mean 2.45 ± 1.11 median 2. most commonly prescribed class beta-lactams (46.7%), aminoglycosides (20.6%) nitroimidazoles (19.7%). According AWaRe classification, 30.4% Access group 44% combination Watch antibiotics; treatment empiric 94.5% encounters. Only 22.7% were treated based microbiological examination/culture sensitivity testing. Conclusions found high CHUZ/AS Tertiary Care Hospital ampicillin, metronidazole ceftriaxone. Consequently, low culture testing guide treatment, particularly paediatric surgical population, preference broad-spectrum suggests that is not optimal. Therefore, programmes, policies guidelines must be instigated strengthened address these gaps promote rational antibiotics.

Language: Английский