A review on the influence of nutraceuticals and functional foods on health

Food Chemistry Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5, P. 100749 - 100749

Published: June 10, 2024

In recent years, functional foods have gained attention for their potential health benefits beyond basic nutrition, serving as rich sources of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and dietary fiber. Enriched with bioactive compounds such polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, these shown promise in inhibiting cell signaling pathways related to proliferation, communication, apoptosis. Key components offer benefits. Omega-3 fatty acids scavenge free radicals, reducing the risk chronic diseases like heart disease cancer. Antioxidants sesame seed oil promote cardiovascular anti-inflammatory effects. Curcumin inhibits cancer by suppressing inflammatory cytokines. Understanding mechanisms action is crucial realizing therapeutic However, identifying suitable substances comprehending role prevention are challenging. As we enter food era, this review aims present current state nutraceuticals, exploring applications human wellness. Recognizing nutrition's individualized nature nutrition a central theme, emphasizing importance tailored recommendations based on diverse responses elements, ensuring that personalized approaches aligned individual goals.

Language: Английский

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Management of polycystic ovary syndrome must include assessment and treatment of mental health symptoms

Fertility and Sterility, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(3), P. 384 - 399

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Anti‐obesity pharmacological agents for polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis to inform the 2023 international evidence‐based guideline

Obesity Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5)

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Summary This systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated the efficacy of anti‐obesity agents for hormonal, reproductive, metabolic, psychological outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to inform 2023 update International Evidence‐based Guideline on PCOS. We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL until July 2022 with a 10‐year limit focus newer agents. Eleven trials (545 451 participants intervention control arms respectively, 12 comparisons) were included. On descriptive analyses, most improved anthropometric outcomes; liraglutide, semaglutide orlistat appeared superior placebo outcomes. Meta‐analyses possible two comparisons (exenatide vs. metformin + combined oral contraceptive pill [COCP] COCP alone). meta‐analysis, no differences identified between exenatide versus anthropometric, biochemical hyperandrogenism, metabolic outcomes, other than lower fasting blood glucose more (MD: 0.10 mmol/L, CI 0.02–0.17, I 2 = 18%, trials). Orlistat did not improve compared alone (fasting insulin MD: −8.65 pmol/L, −33.55 16.26, 67%, Published data examining effects women PCOS are very limited. The role these should be high priority future research.

Language: Английский

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Impact of lifestyle interventions on reproductive and psychological outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(3), P. e41178 - e41178

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting ≈8% to 13% of women reproductive age. PCOS has multifaceted effects that extend beyond health. Women with are at an elevated risk for various metabolic conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, as well psychological challenges, such anxiety, depression, reduced quality life. This systematic review examined the effectiveness lifestyle interventions, dietary, exercise, behavioral modifications, in improving outcomes, mental well-being, life PCOS. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web Science databases, identifying observational interventional studies published English through December 2022. Studies were evaluated methodological categorized according intervention outcome measures. Results: Of 24 reviewed, 16 focusing on 4 life, combined encompassing 1373 participants mean age included ranged from 21.7 36.5 years. Dietary either alone or combination resulted significant improvements health, 5% reduction body weight ( P < .001), increased menstrual regularity, higher pregnancy rates, decreased testosterone levels .01). Exercise interventions further contributed positive outcomes; 20-week exercise program improved ovulation rates by 49.1% significantly free androgen indices .001). In addition, structured programs regularity 60% mass index levels. Conclusion: underscores efficacy integrated approaches, These findings highlight potential nonpharmacological management strategies address health challenges posed Future research should prioritize long-term assess sustained outcomes examine personalized account clinical diversity heterogeneity presentations.

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiological Effects of Contemporary Lifestyle on Evolutionary-Conserved Survival Mechanisms in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 1056 - 1056

Published: April 20, 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is increasingly being characterized as an evolutionary mismatch disorder that presents with a complex mixture of metabolic and endocrine symptoms. The Evolutionary Model proposes PCOS arises from collection inherited polymorphisms have been consistently demonstrated in variety ethnic groups races. In utero developmental programming susceptible genomic variants are thought to predispose the offspring develop PCOS. Postnatal exposure lifestyle environmental risk factors results epigenetic activation developmentally programmed genes disturbance hallmarks health. resulting pathophysiological changes represent consequences poor-quality diet, sedentary behaviour, disrupting chemicals, stress, circadian disruption, other factors. Emerging evidence suggests lifestyle-induced gastrointestinal dysbiosis plays central role pathogenesis Lifestyle exposures initiate result microbiome (dysbiosis), immune dysregulation (chronic inflammation), altered metabolism (insulin resistance), reproductive imbalance (hyperandrogenism), nervous system dysfunction (neuroendocrine autonomic system). can be progressive condition leads obesity, gestational diabetes, type two metabolic-associated fatty liver disease, syndrome, cardiovascular cancer. This review explores mechanisms underpin between ancient survival pathways contemporary involved pathophysiology

Language: Английский

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Metabolic hormones are integral regulators of female reproductive health and function

Bioscience Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: Dec. 22, 2023

The female reproductive system is strongly influenced by nutrition and energy balance. It well known that food restriction or depletion can induce suppression of processes, while overnutrition associated with dysfunction. However, the intricate mechanisms through which nutritional inputs metabolic health are integrated into coordination reproduction still being defined. In this review, we describe evidence for essential contributions hormones responsive to intake fuel stores. Key hormones-including insulin, incretins (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide glucagon-like peptide-1), growth hormone, ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin-signal throughout hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis support suppress reproduction. We synthesize current knowledge on how these multifaceted interact brain, pituitary, ovaries regulate functioning system, incorporating in vitro vivo data from animal models humans. Metabolic involved orchestrating processes healthy states, but some also play a significant role pathophysiology treatment strategies disorders. Further understanding complex interrelationships between function has important implications improving women's overall.

Language: Английский

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Quality of Life of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(2), P. 294 - 294

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Background and Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder characterized by multiple hormonal metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, disturbances in lipid carbohydrate metabolism. The objective of this study to assess the quality life women diagnosed with polycystic identify any factors within group that may impact scores related life. Materials Methods: This research was carried out among PCOS. An original questionnaire, developed through online Google Forms survey, utilized as instrument distributed social networks support groups facing encompassed a participant pool 200 PCOS, aged 24 years or older. For analytical component, Pearson’s χ2 test employed—a nonparametric designed relationship between two variables measured on qualitative scale. chosen level statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: analysis revealed under not linked duration disease comorbidities. However, significant association observed inconvenience caused PCOS symptoms. Women experiencing very bothersome symptoms reported lower compared those rated bothersome. Despite majority rating their good good, they often find associated reporting tend acknowledge lives, experience sense lack control over disease, struggle depression, do accept physical appearance. Conclusions: Hence, from specialists like endocrinologists, gynecologists, nutritionists becomes crucial for many dealing Adopting healthy lifestyle, incorporating balanced diet, engaging regular activity can assist managing troublesome thereby enhancing overall In instances emotional difficulties, seeking psychological equally important, acceptance loved ones should be overlooked.

Language: Английский

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The Pathophysiological Mechanism and Clinical Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Molecular and Cellular Review of the Literature

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 9037 - 9037

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent metabolic disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. The pathogenesis PCOS involves complex interplay genetic environmental factors, including insulin resistance (IR) resultant hyperinsulinemia. Insulin receptors, primarily in skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, activate downstream signaling pathways like PI3K-AKT MAPK-ERK upon binding. These regulate glucose uptake, storage, lipid metabolism. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified several candidate genes related to steroidogenesis signaling. Environmental factors such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals lifestyle choices also exacerbate traits. Other than modification surgical intervention, management strategies for can be achieved using pharmacological treatments antiandrogens, metformin, thiazolidinediones, aromatase inhibitor, ovulation drugs improve sensitivity function, well combined oral contraceptives with or without cyproterone resume menstrual regularity. Despite the pathophysiology significant economic burden PCOS, comprehensive understanding its molecular cellular mechanisms crucial developing effective public health policies treatment strategies. Nevertheless, many unknown aspects detailed actions, along safety effectiveness treatment, warrant further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Polycystic ovary syndrome and its multidimensional impacts on women’s mental health: A narrative review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(25), P. e38647 - e38647

Published: June 21, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects approximately 8% to 13% of women reproductive age worldwide. It characterized by range symptoms, including hirsutism, acne, and menstrual irregularities, poses significant psychological burden, anxiety depression. The evolving definition PCOS, from the 1990 NIH conference 2003 Rotterdam conference, highlights its multifaceted nature, encompassing metabolic, reproductive, aspects. This overview aims elucidate complex interplay between PCOS's physiological dimensions. focuses on understanding heightened risk psychiatric disorders, depression anxiety, among with PCOS explores contributing factors, such as obesity, body image issues, stress. etiology involves mixture genetic, hormonal, lifestyle factors contribute pathophysiology associated mental health challenges. Stress, in various forms, inflammatory, oxidative, emotional, identified contributor pathogenesis PCOS. Management strategies highlighted include modifications, dietary exercise interventions, therapies, underscoring need for comprehensive integrated care approaches address broad spectrum effects. A treatment approach goes beyond just physical symptoms also effects emphasized, reinforcing necessity comprehensive, strategy manage this condition effectively.

Language: Английский

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PCOS stratification for precision diagnostics and treatment

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Globally, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 10% of fertile women, leading to great health and economic burden. PCOS is a heterogenous illness that can cause infertility, irregular menstrual cycles, acne, hirsutism, among other symptoms. The clinical diagnosis primarily exclusion if one or more the three primary symptoms, namely, oligo- anovulation, hyperandrogenism, morphology, are present. Obesity often coexisting disorders may be bidirectionally causally related. Phenotypic heterogeneity throughout reproductive lifespan, such as overlap symptoms with regular fluctuations in woman’s cycle metabolism during menarche menopausal transition, further complicates diagnosis. etiology mostly unknown complex, likely due fact it group overlapping metabolic problems. Evidence-based, common, standardized guidelines for treatment urgently needed. Genomics data from populations across diverse ages ethnicities needed build efficient machine learning models stratification PCOS. subtype-specific strategies early screening, an accurate diagnosis, management life will optimize healthcare resources reduce unnecessary testing. This pave way women able take best possible care their own using latest expertise combined unique needs preferences.

Language: Английский

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