Risk indicators for dental caries among preschoolers, school children/adolescents and adults in Nigeria: a scoping review

BMC Oral Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Identifying the dental caries risk factors helps plan interventions. This scoping review mapped existing literature on indicators for children, adolescents, and adults in Nigeria. It elucidated commonalities differences these populations' behavioral, biological, social indicators, identified local government areas Nigeria where information are missing. A search of was performed July 2023 PubMed, African Journal Online, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library [CENTRAL] using a combination keywords related to caries, factors, early childhood, adults, Only peer-reviewed full-length articles published English were included. Descriptive statistics used summarize study's characteristics caries. The categorized into social. Differences three populations identified. After screening 570 studies, 27 publications preschoolers, 37 school children/adolescents, 17 met inclusion criteria. For all groups, key age, gender, socioeconomic, educational status, biological anthropometric measurements bacterial counts, behavioral risks toothbrushing, snacking, oral hygiene. Peculiar each age group. Most studies clustered southern In addition, preschoolers skew southwestern Nigeria, that children/adolescents skewed Ife Central LGA Osun State, while Egor Edo State. Furthermore, participants recruitment most diverse Lagos shared can facilitate development overarching prevention program difference groups specific inform population underscores importance holistic, life course approach management.

Language: Английский

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Dental Caries Status of Children and Adolescents in West Africa—A Literature Review

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 961 - 961

Published: April 22, 2025

Objectives: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent oral diseases worldwide, including in Africa. The aim this article was to provide a comprehensive review dental status children and adolescents living West African region. Methods: Articles that fulfilled study selection criteria were identified through systematic search electronic databases (EMBASE MEDLINE). Titles abstracts examined manually screen for articles prevalence experience under age 18, only English publications published from years 2015 2024 included. Publications include participants with special healthcare needs excluded. Relevant data related severity below 18 extracted standardized spreadsheet. Results: Out 1288 studies, total studies Among 16 countries Africa, 3 (19%) Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal met inclusion criteria, majority (15/18, 78.9%) focusing on Nigerian adolescents. dmft scores included ranged 0.06 3.04, DMFT 0.02 2.65. It worth noting dmft/DMFT across different collected high heterogeneity design, thereby not directly comparable. Conclusions: conducted Nigeria. There are significant variations among adolescent Further research health surveillance Africa needed.

Language: Английский

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Child dental neglect and legal protections: a compendium of briefs from policy reviews in 26 countries and a special administrative region of China

Frontiers in Oral Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Background Child neglect is a public health, human rights, and social problem, with potentially devastating costly consequences. The aim of this study was to: (1) summarize the oral health profile children across globe; (2) provide brief overview legal instruments that can offer protection from dental neglect; (3) discuss effectiveness these instruments. Methods We summarized highlighted caries status implementation legislation on child for 26 countries representing World Health Organization regions: five in Africa (Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Zimbabwe), eight Americas (Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Unites States America, Uruguay), six Eastern Mediterranean (Egypt, Iran, Libya, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia), four Europe (Italy, Latvia, Serbia, United Kingdom), two South-East Asia (India Indonesia) one country (China) its special administrative region (Hong Kong) Western Pacific. Results Twenty-five have to address neglect. Only (8.0%) 25 had specific Although laws be interpreted establish case neglect, latter may difficult where governments not addressed barriers limit children's access healthcare. Where there are supportive ecosystem has also been built facilitate A environment, however, does seem confer extra against risks untreated caries. Conclusions institution country-level significantly reduce national prevalence children. It, increases prospect building risk at individual level. Social ecosystems mitigate when It more effective combine rights-based approaches, inclusive an efficient criminal justice system deal

Language: Английский

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La gingivite induite par la plaque chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Pourquoi il est fondamental de ne pas la sous-estimer et comment la prendre en charge

Revue d Orthopédie Dento-Faciale, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(3), P. 329 - 346

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

La gingivite induite par la plaque (GIP) est maladie parodontale plus fréquente chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Il s’agit d’une inflammatoire résultant de rupture l’équilibre entre le biofilm parodonte l’hôte. On parlera dysbiose bactérienne due à l’accumulation l’organisation des bactéries en parodontopathogène. Elle se caractérise cliniquement une modification couleur (rouge/rouge violacé), consistance (molle) texture (lisse vernissée) gencive. L’évaluation du saignement au sondage seul test diagnostic validé GIP. révélateur son étendue sa sévérité. Un examen clinique anamnèse ciblée permettront d’identifier les facteurs risque généraux locaux responsables l’étendue sévérité l’inflammation gingivale. prise charge commencera phase comportementale d’éducation santé orale (éducation l’hygiène buccodentaire, conseils alimentaires, gestion parafonctions), suivie traitement non chirurgical (débridement) parallèlement l’élimination risques (traitement lésions carieuses…) terminera maintenance avec un suivi régulier, essentiel pour contrôler éviter toute récidive maladie.

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Altered Surrogate Markers of Inflammation in Perinatal HIV-Exposed Children with Caries

JDR Clinical & Translational Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Dental caries is associated with immunologic response, yet its association hematologic parameters and inflammatory markers unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between some surrogate of inflammation dental in context perinatal exposure human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Language: Английский

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Gingivitis and Its Causes in Children Aged 3–7 Years

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 2690 - 2690

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Objectives: Gingivitis manifests as redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gingiva but no loss connective tissue attachment. It is usually painless rarely leads to spontaneous bleeding, most patients are unaware disease or unable recognize it. In children adolescents, it often caused by plaque accumulation. The purpose following study was determine prevalence gingivitis its causes in aged 3 7 years. Methods: Patients were classed three age groups: 3-year-olds, 5-year-olds, 7-year-olds, who generally healthy, not taking permanent medication, without developmental defects dentition eligible for study. A questionnaire survey assessed socioeconomic factors, frequency dental visits, hygiene dietary habits. clinical examination condition teeth based on dmft/DMFT, presence probing. obtained results subjected statistical analysis. Results: total 3558 examined. present 436 (12.25%) patients. group significantly more common boys (p = 0.0024). There significant positive correlations between average number affected caries male gender 5- 7-year-olds all groups with dmft/DMFT > 0 values occurrence symptomatic visits. Conclusions: 3–7 years influenced socioeconomic, oral hygiene, diet-related factors. Poor health predisposes gingivitis.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of Dental Caries Among 6–11-Year-Olds in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Oral, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 600 - 615

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of dental caries among 6–11-year-old children in Nigeria its distribution by sex, socioeconomic status, geopolitical zones. Method: A search was conducted MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) identify relevant studies published between 2012 2022. Cohort, cross-sectional, observational reporting data 6–11-year-olds were included. Using random effects model, analysed based on country’s six The primary outcome pooled caries. Meta-analysis performed using study quality assessed Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023396948). Results: Data from 8 1237 screened articles. 1.5% (95% CI: −1.2–4.1). Prevalence higher males (1.5%, 95% −1.4–4.3) compared females (1.4%, −1.6–4.4). It 0.1% −1.0–1.1) those high 0.2% −1.6 1.9) middle 0.6% −2.8 3.9) low status. also ranged 1.1% −1.8 4.1) southwest, −5.4 7.6) south-south, 2.3% −7.1 11.6) southeast, 11.7) northwest. Conclusions: Caries intervention adolescents may need be tailored address observed zone disparities.

Language: Английский

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between sugar intake and dental caries in Nigeria

BMC Oral Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Dec. 21, 2024

There is no national data on the association between sugar intake and caries experience in Nigeria. This systematic review meta-analysis aimed to assess A search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase databases for articles published January 2001 March 2023 associations consumption experience. were registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022372689). Data extracted included details study design, sample size, age gender participants, regions/states Nigeria where conducted. In addition, types sugary foods/beverages consumed, frequency quantity intake, periods high extracted. The studies' bias risks also assessed. 14 cross-sectional studies 2007 2023. Twelve (85.7%) Southwest Seven (50.0%) had participants primary dentition, while eight (57.1%) permanent dentition. odds are 18% higher group that consumes compared low (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.59). 1.13, 0.23, 5.44) 1.15, 0.88, 1.52) dentition intake. statistical Of studies, thirteen (92.8%) classified as "low risk." Although a increased risk dental caries, this did not reach significance Nigeria's dentitions. Future should include longitudinal differences measures its caries.

Language: Английский

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Dental caries status and related factors of 5-year-old children in Shanghai

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

Abstract Background Dental caries in young children is a difficult global oral health problem. In the last decade, China has put much effort into reducing prevalence of caries. This study, which part Population Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance 2021, aims to investigate dental among aged 5 Shanghai, China, factors affecting incidence direction for future improvement. Methods A total 1281 years from 6 districts Shanghai were selected by stratified sampling method. The survey consisted an questionnaire examination. included questions on knowledge, attitudes, behaviours. Oral examination using WHO standards. After screening, data input analysed. Chi-square logistic regression analyses used study relevant Results was 51.0%, dmft 2.46±3.45, Significant Caries Index (SiC) score 6.39±2.40 SiC10 10.35±3.17. experience related frequency intaking sweet drinks, age starting tooth brushing, eating habits after whether they had received provided government, mother's education level but not gender, use fluoride toothpaste, parents assisted or flossing. Logistic analysis showed that region children, brushing associated with Conclusions 5-year-old been gradually reduced support government investment various policies, it still higher than developed countries. needs further increase improve awareness whole society.

Language: Английский

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Associations between maternal mental health, child dental anxiety, and oral health of 6- to 12-year-olds in Nigeria

Brazilian Oral Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Maternal mental health affects their children's oral health. This study assessed the associations between maternal and dental anxiety level, caries experience, hygiene, gingival status among 6- to 12-year-old children in Nigeria. was a cross-sectional that recruited mother-child dyad participants through household survey conducted Ile-Ife, Data collected included independent (maternal risk, depressive symptoms, child's anxiety), dependent (caries hygiene status, status) variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis determine variables after adjusting for confounders (mothers' age, sex, socioeconomic status). Statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Of 1411 mothers recruited, 1248 (88.4%) had low 896 (63.5%) mild symptoms. As children, 53 (3.8%) caries, 745 (52.8%) moderate high anxiety, 953 (63.0%) gingivitis 36 (2.6%) poor hygiene. The risk not significantly associated with experience (AOR: 1.012; 95%CI: 0.860-1.190; = 0.886), (AOR:1.037; 0.975-1.104; p=0.250), moderate/severe (AOR:0.887; 0.764-1.030; 0.115). depression 0.910; 0.802-1.033; 0.145), 1.016; 0.976-1.057; 0.439), 0.963; 0.861-1.077; 0.509). do seem be factors schoolchildren's Further studies are needed understand these findings.

Language: Английский

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