Academic Radiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
International Journal of COPD, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 567 - 578
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Abstract: Most patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suffer from at least one additional, clinically relevant disease. To a degree, the high global prevalence and mortality rate of COPD is closely related to its extrapulmonary effects. Moreover, various comorbidities itself interact each other, resulting in diverse clinical manifestations individual differences, thus further influencing prognosis as well healthcare burden patients. This common risk factors diseases (aging, smoking, inactivity, etc.). Additionally, some pathophysiological mechanisms caused by COPD, including systemic inflammatory response, hypoxia, oxidative stress, others, also have an impact on other systems. But comprehensive management medical interventions not yet been established. The clinicians should improve their knowledge skills diagnosing treating then aim develop more individualized, efficient diagnostic therapeutic strategies for different achieve greater benefits. In this article, we will review factors, mechanisms, treatment disease, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, anemia, osteoporosis, emotional disorders, gastroesophageal reflux Keywords: comorbidity, therapeutics
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 21, 2024
Diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy are significant microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, contributing to substantial morbidity mortality worldwide. This comprehensive review examines the clinical relationship between these complications, focusing on shared pathophysiological mechanisms, bidirectional relationships, implications for patient management. The highlights importance understanding interconnected nature diabetic adopting a holistic approach care. Insights gleaned from this underscore necessity early detection, timely intervention, integrated care models involving collaboration among healthcare professionals. Furthermore, emphasizes need continued research elucidate underlying identify novel therapeutic targets, assess efficacy strategies in improving outcomes. By fostering interdisciplinary knowledge exchange, future endeavors hold potential advance our management ultimately enhancing quality life.
Language: Английский
Citations
11
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 6389 - 6389
Published: June 9, 2024
Long COVID (LC), also referred to as Post COVID-19 Condition, Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC), and other terms, represents a complex multisystem disease persisting after the acute phase COVID-19. Characterized by myriad symptoms across different organ systems, LC presents significant diagnostic management challenges. Central disorder is role low-grade inflammation, non-classical inflammatory response that contributes chronicity diversity observed. This review explores pathophysiological underpinnings LC, emphasizing importance inflammation core component. By delineating pathogenetic relationships clinical manifestations this article highlights necessity for an integrated approach employs both personalized medicine standardized protocols aimed at mitigating long-term consequences. The insights gained not only enhance our understanding but inform development therapeutic strategies could be applicable chronic conditions with similar features.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Feb. 6, 2024
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has led to widespread multi-system damage, especially in cardiovascular and renal functions, heightening morbidity mortality. Emerging antidiabetic drugs sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4i) have demonstrated efficacy preserving cardiac function, both type diabetic non-diabetic individuals. To understand the exact impact these on cardiorenal protection underlying mechanisms, we conducted a comprehensive review recent large-scale clinical trials basic research focusing SGLT2i, GLP-1RAs, DPP-4i. Accumulating evidence highlights diverse mechanisms including glucose-dependent independent pathways, revealing their potential disease. This provides critical insights into protective effects DPP-4i underscores importance medications mitigating progression complications, broader implications beyond glycemic management.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18
Published: March 21, 2024
Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is an important mechanism to ensure adequate blood supply active neurons in the brain. NVC damage can lead chronic impairment of neuronal function. Diabetes characterized by high sugar and considered risk factor for cognitive impairment. In this review, we provide fMRI evidence diabetic patients with decline. Combined exploration major mechanisms signaling pathways NVC, discuss effects hyperglycemia on cellular structure signaling, including key receptors, ion channels, intercellular connections. Studying these diabetes-related changes cell will help us understand underlying causes behind diabetes-induced early decline, ultimately helping identify most effective drug targets treatment.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)
Published: June 19, 2024
Abstract Background To evaluate the association between diabetic foot disease (DFD) and incidence of fatal non-fatal events in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) from primary-care settings. Methods We built a cohort people first DFD episode during 2010–2015, followed up until 2018. These subjects were 1 to propensity score matched T2DM without DFD. The all-cause mortality, occurrence new DFD, amputations, cardiovascular diseases, or composite outcome, including mortality and/or follow-up period, calculated. A Cox proportional hazard analysis was conducted ratios (HR) for different events. Results Overall, 11,117 compared observed higher rates (IRs) outcome (33.9 vs. 14.5 IR per 100 person-years) event (22.2 1.1 group. Compared those had HR all events, excess particularly amputation (HR: 19.4, 95% CI: 16.7–22.6, HR: 15.1, 13.8–16.5, respectively) found. Conclusions Although often coexists other risk factors, it carries an intrinsic high morbidity T2DM. should be regarded as severe complication already at its onset, poor clinical prognosis. Graphical
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)
Published: June 26, 2024
Abstract Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) often results from atherosclerosis, and is highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Individuals T2DM exhibit a more severe manifestation distal distribution of PAD compared to those without diabetes, adding complexity the therapeutic management this particular patient population. Indeed, requires multidisciplinary individualized approach that addresses both systemic effects specific vascular complications PAD. Hence, cardiovascular prevention utmost importance PAD, encompasses smoking cessation, healthy diet, structured exercise, careful foot monitoring, adherence routine preventive treatments such as statins, antiplatelet agents, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. It also recommended incorporate glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1RA) sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2i) medical due their demonstrated benefits. However, impact these novel glucose-lowering agents for individuals remains obscured within background outcome trials (CVOTs). In review article, we distil evidence, through comprehensive literature search CVOTs clinical guidelines, offer key directions optimal lower era GLP-1RA SGLT2i.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Journal of Diabetes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT Aim This study aimed to examine microvascular lesions and neurodegenerative changes in diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without DR (NDR) using structural MRI explore their associations with DR. Methods 243 patients NDR 122 were included. Participants underwent conventional brain scans, clinical measurements, fundus examinations. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) imaging parameters obtained AI‐based software, manually verified, corrected for accuracy. Volumes of major cortical subcortical regions representing neurodegeneration assessed automated segmentation quantitative techniques. Statistical analysis included T ‐test, chi‐square test, Mann–Whitney U multivariate variance (MANCOVA), logistic regression, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), Delong test. Results group exhibited significant differences 11 CSVD features. Meanwhile, showed an atrophy trend frontal cortex, occipital gray matter (GM) NDR. After adjustment, greater perivascular spaces (PVS) numbers parietal lobe (OR = 1.394) deep 1.066), dilated (DPVS) left basal ganglia 2.006), infarcts (SSI) right hemisphere 3.104), decreased PVS 0.824), total DPVS 0.714), cortex volume 0.959) Further, model a larger AUC (0.823, 95% CI: 0.781–0.866) than (AUC 0.757, 0.706–0.808). Conclusion Microvascular are significantly associated is better biomarker atrophy.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Current Atherosclerosis Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1)
Published: March 20, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)
Published: March 21, 2025
Skin microcirculation provides essential insights in clinical practice. However, the specific characteristics and distribution patterns of dermal microarterioles microvenules remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to analyze their structural differences human forehead skin using an innovative intravascular dual perfusion technique combined with immunofluorescence staining distinguish microvessel types within dermis. Using two post-mortem cadaver specimens, lead oxide-gelatin was applied label microarterioles, latex used for microvenules. Tissue sections underwent hematoxylin eosin staining, cluster differentiation 31 (CD31) serving as a general vascular marker monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) venule-specific marker. The analysis revealed significant between layers: vessels deep dermis had larger diameters thicker walls than those superficial layer, while density higher These findings demonstrate distinct layers, reflecting layer-specific functional demands. Furthermore, MCT1 identified microvenules, novel method combining CD31 immunofluorescent introduced differentiate from results offer valuable implications surgical planning, grafting, diagnostics related microcirculation.
Language: Английский
Citations
0