Boosting vaccine effectiveness: The groundbreaking role of probiotics

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16, P. 101189 - 101189

Published: May 6, 2024

Probiotics, the health-promoting members of gut microbiota, have been shown to enhance mucosal and systemic immunity, stimulate cytokines, chemokines, antibodies, regulate T-cell activity. On other hand, traditional adjuvants like alum limitations, researchers are exploring probiotics as a new generation vaccine treat immune disorders effectiveness. For instance, studies show that probiotic strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can improve response vaccines against rotavirus, SARS-CoV-2, influenza. Besides, delivered through various routes (oral ocular) could offer broader protection wider range infections. not only boost system but also trigger production anti-inflammatory cytokines regulatory cells, they potential in cancer immunotherapy. Studies demonstrate LGG Bifidobacterium longum increase efficacy by promoting T cell infiltration, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. Additionally, suggest specific L. SL42 casei might be beneficial for cow's milk allergies. In line with this, research on use peanut allergies shows promise. However, there is need more understand mechanisms, identify optimal strains, determine timing duration administration clinical outcomes. This review aimed shed light impact immunomodulatory immunogenic agents immunizations, well their infectious diseases, allergies, suppression.

Language: Английский

---

Stable expression of HIV-1 MPER extended epitope on the surface of the recombinant probiotic bacteria Escherichia Coli Nissle 1917 using CRISPR/Cas9

Microbial Cell Factories, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2024

Abstract Background Mucosal vaccines have the potential to induce protective immune responses at sites of infection. Applying CRISPR/Cas9 editing, we aimed develop a probiotic-based vaccine candidate expressing HIV-1 envelope membrane-proximal external region (MPER) on surface E. coli Nissle 1917. Results The MPER epitope was successfully introduced in porin OmpF 1917 (EcN-MPER) and modification stable over 30 passages recombinant bacteria DNA protein level. Furthermore, recognized by human anti-HIV-1 gp41 (2F5) antibody using both live heat-killed EcN-MPER, this antigenicity also retained passages. Whole-cell dot blot suggested stronger binding EcN-MPER than their counterpart. An outer membrane vesicle (OMV) – rich extract from culture supernatant equally antigenic which suggests that antigen could be harboured OMVs. Using quantitative ELISA, determined amount produced modified EcN 14.3 µg/10 8 cfu. Conclusions technology an effective method for establishment many developed clone devoid extraneous plasmids antibiotic resistance genes eliminates risk plasmid transfer animal hosts, should used as vaccine. Also, recognised making it suitable pre-clinical evaluation. Expression bacterial surfaces released OMVs identifies compelling modification, enabling presentation By applying methods described study, present platform cost-effective rational expression administration, offering promising prospects further research field development.

Language: Английский

---

Recombinant L. lactis vaccine LL-plSAM-WAE targeting four virulence factors provides mucosal immunity against H. pylori infection

Microbial Cell Factories, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori ( H. ) causes chronic gastric disease. An efficient oral vaccine would be mucosa-targeted and offer defense against colonization of invasive infection in the digestive system. Proteolytic enzymes acidic environment gastrointestinal tract (GT) can, however, reduce effectiveness vaccinations. For creation an edible vaccine, L. lactis has been proposed as a means delivering antigens. Results We developed plSAM (pNZ8148-SAM) that expresses multiepitope antigen SAM-WAE containing Urease, HpaA, HSP60, NAP extracellularly (named LL-plSAM-WAE) to increase efficacy then investigated immunogenicity LL-plSAM-WAE Balb/c mice. Mice received or with adjuvant showed increased levels antibodies , including IgG sIgA, resulted significant reductions colonization. Furthermore, we show improved capacity target M cells. Conclusions These findings suggest recombinant could promising mucosa vaccination for preventing infection.

Language: Английский

---

Display of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein B-cell linear epitope on Lactobacillus mucosae G01 S-layer surface induce a robust immunogenicity in mice

Microbial Cell Factories, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract The Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) presents a substantial risk to the domestic pig industry, resulting in extensive and fatal viral among piglets. Recognizing mucosal stimulation triggered by PEDV harnessing regulatory impact of lactobacilli on intestinal function, we have developed lactobacillus -based vaccine that is carefully designed elicit strong immune response. Through bioinformatics analysis, examined S proteins identify B-cell linear epitopes meet criteria being non-toxic, soluble, antigenic, capable neutralizing virus. In this study, genetically modified strain Lactobacillus mucosae G01 ( L.mucosae G01) was created utilizing layer protein (SLP) as scaffold for surface presentation. Chimeric immunodominant with activity were incorporated at various sites SLP. successful expression SLP chimeric epitope 1 confirmed through indirect immunofluorescence transmission electron microscopy, revealing formation transparent membrane. findings demonstrate oral administration G01, which expresses gene epitope1, induces production secreted IgA intestine feces mice. Additionally, there an elevation IgG levels serum. Moreover, cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-17 are significantly increased compared negative control group. These results suggest L. has ability deliver exogenous antigens specific response against PEDV. This investigation new possibilities immunoprophylaxis PEDV-induced diarrhea.

Language: Английский

---

Effect of microencapsulated Fiber2-displaying probiotics loaded with inulin nanoparticles on immunity against fowl adenovirus serotype 4 in chickens

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(2), P. 104762 - 104762

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

In this study, phthalate inulin nanoparticles (PINs) were chemically modified and characterized. The internalization of PINs into the probiotic E. faecalis, which delivering Fiber2 protein fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), was investigated. expression in faecalis detected using western blot analysis. To protect recombinant from degradation gastric acid environment, sodium alginate used to encapsulate bacteria. survival ratio release simulated gastrointestinal fluid assessed. Oral administration microencapsulated loaded with (Micro-E/Fiber2-PINs) or (Micro-E/Fiber2-inulin) conducted, followed by an experimental challenge FAdV-4 chickens evaluate immune responses protection. results showed bacteria promoted growth, significantly improved level Fiber2. After incubation fluid, number viable Micro-E/Fiber2-PINs group higher than that faecalis/Fiber2 group. microcapsules completed within 30 min. Animal experiments demonstrated oral immunization enhanced humoral cellular responses, relieved inflammatory injury FAdV-targeted organs, rate challenged chickens. This study presents promising potential for developing vaccines against pathogen infection.

Language: Английский

---

The benefits of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: from immunomodulator to vaccine vector

Immunology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 272, P. 106971 - 106971

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Probiotics have been increasingly recognized for positively influencing many aspects of human health. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), a non-pathogenic bacterium, previously known as Lactobacillus plantarum, is one the lactic acid bacteria commonly used in fermentation. The probiotic properties L. highlighted its health benefits to humans when consumed adequate amounts. strains primarily enter body orally and alter intestinal microflora modulate immune responses their host; thereby benefiting Furthermore, use vaccine vectors delivering mucosal antigens has shown be promising strategy. These aspects, from Immunomodulation delivery by preclinical settings, are this review. Along these lines, construction recombinant strain expressing B cell multi-peptide, future immunity confer anti-tumor effect targeting Her-2/neu-overexpressing cancers local distal sites, also presented discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Oral Immunisation With Non‐GMO Surface Displayed SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Epitopes on Bacteria‐Like Particles Provokes Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses, and Modulated the Gut Microbiome in Mice

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a fatal caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). To date, several vaccines have been developed to combat the spread of this virus. Mucosal using food‐grade bacteria, such as Lactobacillus spp., are promising strategies for developing safe and effective against SARS‐CoV‐2. In study, we designed non‐GMO surface‐displayed SARS‐CoV‐2 spike S1 epitope on Limosilactobacillus fermentum ‐derived bacteria‐like particles (BLPs). After that, evaluated its efficacy induce immune responses in immunocompetent mice. Moreover, examined influence oral immunisation gut microbiome microbiota metabolites. Twenty‐eight 6‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice were orally immunised with following: PBS (control), Lm. BLPs only, displaying S1‐2, or S1‐3 epitopes. Our results showed that mucosal epitopes provoked high‐level secretory IgA systemic IgG production. exhibited Th1‐like response, characterised an elevated IgG2a‐to‐IgG1 ratio high antiviral IFN‐γ addition, observed modulation increased butyrate production Overall, use anchor CshA display S1epitopes novel strategy cost‐effective, vaccine alternative

Language: Английский

---

Mucosal immunotherapy targeting APC in lung disease

Journal of Inflammation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: April 14, 2025

Several studies have demonstrated that the pulmonary immune response is primarily facilitated by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and both professional non-professional APCs contribute to overall immunity. play unique roles mechanisms in pathogen elimination immunomodulation. Mucosal immunity exhibits potential advantages over traditional parenteral it stimulates defenses mucosal systemic tissues, which important for reducing burden of lung disease. However, obtaining a comprehensive understanding crosstalk between APC context various diseases remains challenging. This mini-review aimed elucidate novel immunity, targeting action during infections, allergies, malignant tumorigenesis. minreview provides insights into more effective therapeutic approaches diseases.

Language: Английский

---

Alterations in the gut microbiome and its metabolites are associated with the immune response to mucosal immunization with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-displaying recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike epitopes in mice

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) expressing foreign antigens have great potential as mucosal vaccines. Our previous study reported that recombinant Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SK156 displaying SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 epitopes elicited humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice. Here, we further examined the effect of LAB-based vaccine on gut microbiome composition function, microbiota-derived metabolites. Forty-nine (49) female BALB/c mice were orally administered L. SK156-displaying thrice (at 14-day intervals). Mucosal immunization considerably altered by enriching abundance beneficial bacteria, such Muribaculaceae, Mucispirillum, Ruminococcaceae, Alistipes, Roseburia, Clostridia vadinBB60. Moreover, predicted function showed increased metabolic pathways for amino acids, energy, carbohydrates, cofactors, vitamins. The fecal concentration short-chain fatty especially butyrate, was also immunization. Notably, alterations composition, butyrate levels positively associated with response to vaccine. results suggest its metabolites may influenced immunogenicity

Language: Английский

---

Display of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Spike protein B-Cell Linear Epitope on Lactobacillus mucosae G01 S-layer Surface Induce a Robust Immunogenicity in Mice

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

The Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) presents a substantial risk to the domestic pig industry, resulting in extensive and fatal viral among piglets. Recognizing mucosal stimulation triggered by PEDV harnessing regulatory impact of lactobacilli on intestinal function, we have developed lactobacillus based vaccine that is carefully designed elicit strong immune response. Through bioinformatics analysis, examined S proteins identify B-cell linear epitopes meet criteria being non-toxic, soluble, antigenic, capable neutralizing virus. In this study, genetically modified strain Lactobacillus mucosae G01 (L.mucosae G01) was created utilizing layer protein (SLP) as scaffold for surface presentation. Chimeric immunodominant with activity were incorporated at various sites SLP. successful expression SLP chimeric epitope 1 L.mucosae confirmed through indirect immunofluorescence transmission electron microscopy, revealing formation transparent membrane. findings demonstrate oral administration G01, which expresses gene epitope1, induces production secreted IgA intestine feces mice. Additionally, there an elevation IgG levels serum. Moreover, cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-17 are significantly increased compared negative control group. These results suggest has ability deliver exogenous antigens specific response against PEDV. This investigation new possibilities immunoprophylaxis PEDV-induced diarrhea.

Language: Английский

---