Circular RNAs: New layer of complexity evading breast cancer heterogeneity

Non-coding RNA Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 60 - 74

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques and bioinformatic analysis have refuted the "junk" RNA hypothesis that was claimed against non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Circular (circRNAs); a class of single-stranded covalently closed loop molecules recently emerged as stable epigenetic regulators. Although exact regulatory role circRNAs is still to be clarified, it has been proven could exert their functions by interacting with other ncRNAs or proteins own physiologically authentic environment, regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways classes ncRNAs. CircRNAs also reported exhibit tissue-specific expression associated malignant transformation process several hematological solid malignancies. Along this line reasoning, review aims highlight importance Breast Cancer (BC), which ranked most prevalent malignancy among females. Notwithstanding substantial efforts develop suitable anticancer therapeutic regimen heterogenous BC, inter- intra-tumoral heterogeneity resulted an arduous challenge for drug development research, turn necessitates investigation markers therapeutically targeted. Herein, potential possible diagnostic prognostic biomarkers highlighted together application novel targets.

Language: Английский

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Circular RNA-mediated miRNA sponge & RNA binding protein in biological modulation of breast cancer

Non-coding RNA Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 262 - 276

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and small non-coding of the head-to-junction circle in construct play critical roles gene regulation are significantly associated with breast cancer (BC). Numerous circRNAs potential biomarkers that may be used for diagnosis prognosis. Widespread expression is regarded as a feature highly diverged eukaryotes. Recent studies show have two main biological modulation models: sponging RNA-binding. This review explained biogenesis assessed emerging findings on their sponge function role RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to better understand how interaction alters cellular BC. We focused sponges affect phenotype progression described exercise translation functions ribosomes. Furthermore, we reviewed recent RBPs, post-protein modifications influencing BC provided perspective future research directions treating

Language: Английский

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Circular RNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Breast Cancer

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 725 - 725

Published: March 21, 2022

Due to the high heterogeneity and initially asymptomatic nature of breast cancer (BC), management this disease depends on imaging together with immunohistochemical molecular evaluations. These tests allow early detection BC patient stratification as they guide clinicians in prognostication treatment decision-making. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class newly identified long non-coding RNAs. molecules have been described key regulators carcinogenesis progression. Moreover, circRNAs play role drug resistance are associated clinicopathological features BC. Accumulating evidence reveals clinical interest deregulated diagnostic, prognostic predictive biomarkers. Furthermore, due their covalently closed structure, highly stable easily detectable body fluids, making them ideal candidates for use non-invasive Herein, we provide an overview biogenesis pleiotropic functions circRNAs, report relevance

Language: Английский

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Circular RNAs in and out of Cells: Therapeutic Usages of Circular RNAs

Molecules and Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 33 - 40

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

RNAs are versatile molecules that primarily involved in gene regulation and can thus be widely used to advance the fields of therapeutics diagnostics.In particular, circular which highly stable, have emerged as strong candidates for use on next-generation therapeutic platforms.Endogenous control regulatory networks by interacting with other biomolecules or through translation into polypeptides.Circular exhibit cell-type specific expression patterns, altered tissues body fluids depending pathophysiological conditions.Circular aberrantly expressed diseases function biomarkers targets.Moreover, exogenous synthesized vitro introduced cells modulate vivo.Depending purpose, synthetic RNA sequences either identical endogenous artificially designed.In this review, we introduce life cycle known functions intracellular RNAs.The current stage targets is also described.Finally, approaches considerations important applying available knowledge design purposes presented.

Language: Английский

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Circular RNAs: biology and clinical significance of breast cancer

RNA Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 859 - 874

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel noncoding with covalently closed-loop structures that can regulate eukaryotic gene expression. Due to their stable structure, circRNAs widely distributed in the cytoplasm and have important biological functions, including as microRNA sponges, RNA-binding protein conjugates, transcription regulators, translation templates. Breast cancer is among most common malignant cancers diagnosed women worldwide. Despite development of comprehensive treatments, breast still has high mortality rates. Recent studies unmasked critical roles for regulators tumour initiation, progression, metastasis. Further, research revealed some potential use diagnostic prognostic biomarkers clinical practice. Herein, we review biogenesis functions circRNAs, well different subtypes. Moreover, provide a summary significance cancer. CircRNAs believed be hot focus basic cancer, innovative future directions could used biomarkers, therapeutic targets, or drugs.Abbreviations: CeRNA: Competitive endogenous RNA; ciRNA: intronic circRNA: EIciRNA: Exon-intron circRNA; EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; IRES: Internal ribosome entry site; lncRNA: Long non-coding miRNA: MicroRNA; MRE: MiRNA response element; ncRNA: Non-coding RBP: protein; RNA-seq: RNA sequencing; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

Language: Английский

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Bioinformatics analysis of the potentially functional circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in breast cancer

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. e0301995 - e0301995

Published: April 18, 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common among women with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, new research still needed for biomarker detection. GSE101124 GSE182471 datasets were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to evaluate differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Molecular Taxonomy of International Consortium (METABRIC) databases used identify significantly dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) genes considering Prediction Analysis Microarray classification (PAM50). circRNA-miRNA-mRNA relationship was investigated using Cancer-Specific CircRNA, miRDB, miRTarBase, miRWalk databases. circRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network annotated Ontology (GO) analysis Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) pathway database. protein-protein interaction constructed by STRING visualized Cytoscape tool. Then, raw miRNA data filtered some selection criteria according a specific expression level in PAM50 subgroups. A bottleneck method utilized obtain highly interacted hub cytoHubba plugin. Disease-Free Survival Overall performed these genes, which are detected within circRNA axis our study. We identified three circRNAs, miRNAs, eighteen candidate target that may play an important role BC. In addition, it has been determined molecules can be useful BC, especially determining basal-like breast (BLBC) subtype. conclude hsa_circ_0000515/miR-486-5p/SDC1 distinguishing patients BLBC subgroup

Language: Английский

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Unraveling Biomarker Signatures in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review for Targeted Approaches

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2559 - 2559

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes cancer, marked by poor outcomes and dismal prognosis. Due to absence targetable receptors, chemotherapy still represents main therapeutic option. Therefore, current research now focusing on understanding specific molecular pathways implicated in TNBC, order identify novel biomarker signatures develop targeted therapies able improve its clinical management. With aim identifying features characterizing elucidating mechanisms which these biomarkers are tumor development progression, assessing impact cancerous cells following their inhibition or modulation, we conducted a literature search from earliest works December 2023 PubMed, Scopus, Web Of Science. A total 146 studies were selected. The results obtained demonstrated that TNBC characterized heterogeneous profile. Several have proven not only be characteristic but also serve as potential effective targets, holding promise new era personalized treatments pre-clinical findings emerged our systematic review set stage for further investigation forthcoming trials.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling Key Biomarkers and Therapeutic Drugs in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Through Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Hub Gene-miRNA Networks

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects women of reproductive age globally with an incidence rate 5% - 26%. Growing evidence reports important roles for microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathophysiology granulosa cells (GCs) PCOS. Objectives: The objectives this study were to identify top differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and their corresponding targets hub gene-miRNA networks, as well novel DE-miRNAs by analyzing three distinct microarray datasets. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis was performed using bioinformatics approaches. Finally, interactions between 5 top-ranked genes drugs investigated. Methods: Using approaches, GC profiles from gene expression omnibus (GEO), namely series (GSE)-34526, GSE114419, GSE137684, analyzed. Targets predicted multiMiR R package, only validated results retrieved. Genes that common “DE-miRNA prediction results” “existing tissue DE-mRNAs” designated (DEGs). Gene ontology (GO) pathway analyses implemented DEGs. In order DE-miRNAs, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network miRNA-mRNA constructed Cytoscape software. drug-gene database (DGIdb) utilized drugs. Results: Out 20 retrieved GSE114419 GSE34526 datasets, 13 them had “validated through method. Among investigated, 5, hsa-miR-8085, hsa-miR-548w, hsa-miR-612, hsa-miR-1470, hsa-miR-644a, demonstrated 10 networks our study. Except other 4 including are not been reported PCOS pathogenesis before. Also, GO identified “pathogenic E. coli infection” Kyoto encyclopedia genomes (KEGG) “regulation Rac1 activity” FunRich pathways. drug-hub ACTB, JUN, PTEN, KRAS, MAPK1 potential treat therapeutic Conclusions: findings might assist researchers uncovering new biomarkers drug treatment.

Language: Английский

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RETRACTED: Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells as a Vehicle for Cytokine Delivery: An Emerging Approach for Tumor Immunotherapy

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Aug. 27, 2021

Pro-inflammatory cytokines can effectively be used for tumor immunotherapy, affecting every step of the immunity cycle. Thereby, they restore antigen priming, improve effector immune cell frequencies in microenvironment (TME), and eventually strengthen their cytolytic function. A renewed interest anticancer competencies has resulted a substantial promotion number trials to address safety efficacy cytokine-based therapeutic options. However, low response rate along with high toxicity associated high-dose cytokine reaching desired outcomes negatively affect clinical utility. Recently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) due pronounced tropism tumors also lower immunogenicity have become promising vehicle delivery human malignancies. MSC-based lead more effective cell-induced antitumor provide sustained release target cytokines, as widely evidenced myriad xenograft models. In current review, we offer summary novel trends immunotherapy using MSCs potent encouraging carrier focusing on last two decades' animal reports.

Language: Английский

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Current therapeutic approaches and promising perspectives of using bioengineered peptides in fighting chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer

Biochemical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 210, P. 115459 - 115459

Published: Feb. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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