New insight into circRNAs: characterization, strategies, and biomedical applications

Experimental Hematology and Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of covalently closed, endogenous ncRNAs. Most circRNAs derived from exonic or intronic sequences by precursor RNA back-splicing. Advanced high-throughput sequencing and experimental technologies have enabled the extensive identification characterization circRNAs, such as novel types biogenesis, tissue-specific cell-specific expression patterns, epigenetic regulation, translation potential, localization metabolism. Increasing evidence has revealed that participate in diverse cellular processes, their dysregulation is involved pathogenesis various diseases, particularly cancer. In this review, we systematically discuss databases, challenges for circRNA discovery, new insight into strategies used studies biomedical applications. Although recent advanced understanding knowledge approaches annotation, functional applications continuously needed to provide insights circRNAs. The emergence circRNA-based protein strategy will be promising direction field biomedicine.

Language: Английский

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Circular RNA: A promising new star of vaccine

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 372 - 381

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded with covalently closed structures. Owing to their not having 3' or 5' ends, circRNAs highly durable and insusceptible exonuclease-mediated degradation. Moreover, some certain structures translatable, making them novel vaccines. Vaccines efficient tools for immunotherapy, such as the prevention infectious diseases cancer treatment. The immune system is activated during immunotherapy fight against abnormal allies invaders. CircRNA vaccines represent potential new avenue in vaccine era. Recently, several circRNA have been synthesized tested vitro vivo. Our review briefly introduces current understanding biology function translatable circRNAs, molecular biology, synthetic methods, delivery circRNA, We also discussed challenges future directions field by summarizing developments past few years.

Language: Английский

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Exosomal circRNAs: Novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for urinary tumors

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 588, P. 216759 - 216759

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Brief guide to RNA sequencing analysis for nonexperts in bioinformatics

Molecules and Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(5), P. 100060 - 100060

Published: April 16, 2024

Transcriptome analysis is widely used for current biological research, but remains challenging many experimental scientists. Here, we present a brief broad guideline transcriptome analysis, focusing on RNA sequencing, by providing the list of publicly available datasets, tools, and R packages practical analysis. This work will be useful biologists to perform key transcriptomic with minimum expertise in bioinformatics.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Engineering Circular RNA Vaccines

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 692 - 692

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Engineered circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded with head-to-tail covalently linked structures that integrate open reading frames (ORFs) and internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) the function coding expressing proteins. Compared to mRNA vaccines, circRNA vaccines offer more improved method is safe, stable, simple manufacture. With rapid revelation biological functions success Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus Type II (SARS-CoV-2) biopharmaceutical companies researchers around globe attempting develop stable for illness prevention treatment. Nevertheless, research on still in its infancy, work assessment needed their synthesis, delivery, use. In this review, based current understanding molecular properties immunotherapeutic mechanisms circRNA, we summarize preparation methods including design, purification, identification. We discuss delivery strategies challenges facing clinical application circRNAs provide references vaccine-related research.

Language: Английский

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circRNA Vaccines

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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An Emphasis on the Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Viral Gene Expression, Pathogenesis, and Innate Immunity in Viral Chicken Diseases

Non-Coding RNA, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 42 - 42

Published: May 26, 2025

The poultry farming industry encounters considerable obstacles stemming from viral diseases, resulting in elevated mortality rates and substantial economic losses. Current research highlights the significant involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) interactions between hosts pathogens by enhancing antiviral responses at different levels, such as activation pathogen recognition receptors, well through epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional modifications. Specific (lncRNAs), including ERL lncRNA, linc-GALMD3, loc107051710, have been recognized contributors to immune response multiple avian pathogens. Understanding mechanisms which act offers valuable insights into prospective diagnostic therapeutic approaches aimed improving disease resistance poultry. Differentially expressed lncRNAs may also be utilized biomarkers for both prognosis diagnosis diseases. This review delves various roles context diseases chickens, leukosis, Marek’s disease, infectious bursal influenza, bronchitis, Newcastle disease. It pivotal role complex dynamics host pathogens, particularly their with specific proteins. these provide spatial temporal regulation lncRNAs, aid identification potential drug targets, reveal expression patterns lncRNA coding gene transcripts infections species.

Language: Английский

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The functional significance of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA interactions as a regulatory network in lung cancer biology

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 106548 - 106548

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Meta-analysis of the transcriptome identifies aberrant RNA processing as common feature of aging in multiple species

Molecules and Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(4), P. 100047 - 100047

Published: March 18, 2024

Aging is accompanied by the gradual deregulation of transcriptome. However, whether age-dependent changes in transcriptome are evolutionarily conserved or diverged remains largely unexplored. Here, we performed a meta-analysis examining using publicly available datasets eleven representative metazoans, ranging from Caenorhabditis elegans to human. To identify transcriptomic associated with aging, analyzed various aspects transcriptome, including genome composition, RNA processing, and functional consequences. The use introns novel splice sites tended increase age, particularly brain. In addition, our analysis suggests that accumulation premature termination codon-containing transcripts common feature aging across multiple animal species. Using C. as test model, showed several splicing factors age-dependently downregulated were required maintain normal lifespan. Thus, aberrant processing appears be short lifespan

Language: Английский

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Regulatory RNA: from molecular insights to therapeutic frontiers

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(6), P. 1233 - 1234

Published: June 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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