Enhancing precision in cancer treatment: the role of gene therapy and immune modulation in oncology

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Gene therapy has long been a cornerstone in the treatment of rare diseases and genetic disorders, offering targeted solutions to conditions once considered untreatable. As field advances, its transformative potential is now expanding into oncology, where personalized therapies address immune-related complexities cancer. This review highlights innovative therapeutic strategies, including gene replacement, silencing, oncolytic virotherapy, CAR-T cell therapy, CRISPR-Cas9 editing, with focus on their application both hematologic malignancies solid tumors. CRISPR-Cas9, revolutionary tool precision medicine, enables precise editing cancer-driving mutations, enhancing immune responses disrupting tumor growth mechanisms. Additionally, emerging approaches target ferroptosis—a regulated, iron-dependent form death—offering new possibilities for selectively inducing death resistant cancers. Despite significant breakthroughs, challenges such as heterogeneity, evasion, immunosuppressive microenvironment (TME) remain. To overcome these barriers, novel like dual-targeting, armored cells, combination checkpoint inhibitors ferroptosis inducers are being explored. rise allogeneic “off-the-shelf” offers scalable more accessible options. The regulatory landscape evolving accommodate advancements, frameworks RMAT (Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy) U.S. ATMP (Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products) Europe fast-tracking approval therapies. However, ethical considerations surrounding CRISPR-based editing—such off-target effects, germline ensuring equitable access—remain at forefront, requiring ongoing oversight. Advances non-viral delivery systems, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) exosomes, improving safety efficacy By integrating innovations addressing concerns, poised revolutionize cancer treatment, providing durable, effective,

Language: Английский

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Anti-Breast Cancer Properties and In Vivo Safety Profile of a Bis-Carbazole Derivative

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 415 - 415

Published: March 25, 2025

Background: Carbazoles represent one of the most important classes nitrogen-based tricyclic aromatic heterocycles and are present in natural sources chemically obtained drugs. Recently, several research groups disclosed their large biological chemical applications different fields, leading to an increased interest towards this class molecules. Some derivatives have been successfully employed clinical treatment tumor types, but onset heavy side effects impaired efficacy discouraged use. Pursuing aim obtaining carbazoles with less negative features, a lot modified compounds produced evaluated. Objectives/Methods: In paper, we describe vitro vivo evaluation bis-carbazole derivative strong anticancer properties against two breast cancer cell lines. Results: This compound has found impact cytoskeleton dynamics, triggering activation some key proteins playing role intrinsic extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Equally important, be selective for cells shown safe profile Balb/c-treated mice. Conclusions: Overall, outcomes landmark encouraging further studies directed toward potentiation lead potentially exploited both preclinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Progress and challenges in developing allogeneic cell therapies

Cell stem cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. 513 - 528

Published: April 1, 2025

The new era of cell therapeutics has started with autologous products to avoid immune rejection. However, derived from allogeneic cells could be scaled and made available for a much larger patient population if rejection reliably overcome. In this review, we outline gene engineering concepts aimed at generating immune-evasive cells. First, summarize the current state therapies, second, compile still limited data replacement therapies. We emphasize advances in fast-developing field provide an optimistic outlook future

Language: Английский

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Theranostics in Hematological Malignancies: Cutting-Edge Advances in Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1247 - 1247

Published: April 7, 2025

Hematologic malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, continue to challenge clinicians with complex treatment regimens that often involve significant side effects limited success, especially in advanced stages. Recent advancements nuclear medicine have introduced theranostic strategies merge diagnostic imaging targeted therapeutic approaches, offering the potential for more precise personalized treatment. A key area of progress lies development alpha-emitting radiopharmaceuticals, such as 225Ac, 211At, or 212Pb, which can deliver potent radiation directly tumor cells, sparing healthy tissue minimizing collateral damage. In parallel these advancements, molecular using radiolabeled agents enables better disease monitoring, assessment efficacy, management patients hematologic malignancies. The integration radiotherapy allows a tailored approach, where be adjusted based on real-time information about progression response. This review examines recent strides made both radiopharmaceuticals their applications imaging, focus improve precision, reduce toxicity, optimize patient outcomes. synergy between therapy represents transformative shift As technologies evolve, they are poised redefine paradigms, new hope potentially improving survival rates effective less toxic options.

Language: Английский

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The Improving Outcomes in Relapsed-Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: The Role of CAR T-Cell Therapy

Current Treatment Options in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Advances and challenges in CAR-T cell therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Biomarker Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Next frontier in cancer treatment: an iPSC supported CAR-T cell therapies

Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

The spread of cancer and huge number related deaths has made it imperative for scientist to search new diagnostic, prognostic treatment tools its effective management. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell (CAR-T) therapy been brought into limelight as novel strategy cancer. In this review we briefly introduced the CAR-T highlighting successful application various cancers along with possibility integrating induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology overcome intrinsic limitation. mechanism is based on isolation white blood cells through leukapheresis from patients’ or healthy donors followed by T-cells (a type immune cells). isolated are engineered using a viral vector other methods incorporate CAR gene expanded in lab. This modification enables T distinguish attack antigens surfaces cells. However, approach not without inherent limitations. notable limitation exhaustible availability within donor patient system, which can restrict feasibility effectiveness therapeutic intervention. A potential solution may lie synergizing technology. iPSC lies ability provide an endless supply resources. substantial amount research revealed production human Therefore, such combinatorial utilizing mounting immunological against continues iPSCs prove revolutionary designing pragmatic treatment.

Language: Английский

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