Neurodegenerative disorders: Mechanisms of degeneration and therapeutic approaches with their clinical relevance

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 102357 - 102357

Published: June 1, 2024

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are expected to pose a significant challenge for both medicine and public health in the upcoming years due global demographic changes. NDs mainly represented by degeneration/loss of neurons, which is primarily accountable severe mental illness. This neuronal degeneration leads many neuropsychiatric problems permanent disability an individual. Moreover, tight junction brain, blood-brain barrier (BBB)has protective feature, functioning as biological that can prevent medicines, toxins, foreign substances from entering brain. However, delivering any medicinal agent brain (i.e., Multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, etc.) enormously challenging. There approved therapies address NDs, but most them only help treat associated manifestations. The available have failed control progression certain factors, i.e., BBB drug-associated undesirable effects. extremely complex pathology, with pathogenic mechanisms involved initiation progression; thereby, limited survival rate has been observed ND patients. Hence, understanding exact mechanism behind crucial developing alternative approaches improving patients' rates. Thus, present review sheds light on different cellular novel therapeutic their clinical relevance, will assist researchers alternate strategies limitations conventional therapies. current work offers scope into near future improve approach NDs.

Language: Английский

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Chitosan in Oral Drug Delivery Formulations: A Review

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2361 - 2361

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Nanoformulations have become increasingly useful as drug delivery technologies in recent decades. As therapeutics, oral administration is the most common method, although it not always effective route because of challenges with swallowing, gastrointestinal discomfort, low solubility, and poor absorption. One significant barriers that medications must overcome to exert a therapeutic effect impact first hepatic transit. Studies shown controlled-release systems using nanoparticles composed biodegradable natural polymers significantly improve administration, which why these materials attracted attention. Chitosan possesses wide variety properties functions pharmaceutical well healthcare industries. Drug encapsulation transport within body are two its important features. Moreover, chitosan can enhance efficacy by facilitating interaction target cells. Based on physicochemical properties, potentially be synthesized into nanoparticles, this review summarizes advances applications orally delivered nanoparticle interventions.

Language: Английский

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An update on pathogenesis and clinical scenario for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis and treatment

3 Biotech, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5)

Published: April 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Bibliometric mapping of solid lipid nanoparticles research (2012–2022) using VOSviewer

Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17, P. 100217 - 100217

Published: Feb. 25, 2023

Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding discipline, and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are at the forefront of this development. They offer various possible clinical pharmaceutical research applications numerous other fields. A quantitative review technique called bibliometric analysis uses statistics, data mining, mathematics to find emerging trends in particular academic topic. It currently more widely utilized employed many subjects. As result, current study looked through Scopus-indexed documents on SLNs from 2012 2022 assess growth expansion body knowledge predict its course future. The VOSviewer package Scopus Analytics were used conduct analysis. offers two distinct viewing modes: network overlay visualization. total 3768 journal articles (n ​= ​3709) conference papers ​59) extracted. number published by 12,367 authors was steadily increasing annually. Gene therapy, development detection methods, bioavailability, controlled release have been important Souto, E.B., University Porto Portugal, considered most prolific frequently cited scholar. Punjab (India) top-publishing institution. India leading country publications collaborations. International Journal Pharmaceutics top source. results keep pace with global scientific efforts nanotechnology successfully integrate them into industry.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Reproductive Disorders

ACS Applied Bio Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 1336 - 1361

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Over the past decade, nanotechnology has seen extensive integration into biomedical applications, playing a crucial role in biodetection, drug delivery, and diagnostic imaging. This is especially important reproductive health care, which become an emerging significant area of research. Global concerns have intensified around disorders such as infertility, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, erectile dysfunction, benign prostate hyperplasia, sexually transmitted infections, cancers. Nanotechnology presents promising solutions to address these by introducing innovative tools techniques, facilitating early detection, targeted improved imaging capabilities. Through utilization nanoscale materials devices, researchers can craft treatments that are not only more precise but also effective, significantly enhancing outcomes healthcare. Looking forward, future medicine holds immense potential for reshaping diagnostics, personalized therapies, fertility preservation. The nanotechnology-driven delivery systems anticipated elevate treatment effectiveness, minimize side effects, offer patients therapies efficient. review aims delve various types, properties, preparation techniques nanocarriers specifically designed context disorders, shedding light on current landscape directions this dynamic field.

Language: Английский

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Nanomedicinas: una alternativa terapéutica en desarrollo para el control de las crisis epilépticas

eNeurobiología, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(40)

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

La nanomedicina es el nombre que se asigna a las tecnologías nanométricas aplicadas al cuidado de la salud, cuales han permitido desarrollo estrategias innovadoras para tratamiento y diagnóstico diversas enfermedades, incluidas aquellas afectan sistema nervioso central. En particular, debido ventajas conferidas por sus características intrínsecas, nanomedicinas explorado como una posible alternativa terapéutica permita optimizar control crisis epilépticas epilepsia través diversos enfoques, pueden incluir mejorar farmacocinética los fármacos anticrisis, reducir efectos adversos, aumentar su eficacia y, en algunos casos, superar farmacorresistencia. Estas posicionan herramienta muy atractiva ayude desafíos imposibilitado óptimo ciertos casos particulares, Esta revisión aborda aspectos generales sobre epilepsia, proporcionando un contexto fisiopatología asociados con tratamientos esta enfermedad. Además, recopilan evidencias evaluado uso potencial diferentes modelos animales agudas, así responsiva refractaria tratamiento, desde enfoque ciencia básica. Estos estudios proporcionan evidencia fundamental, ámbito medicina traslacional, sienta bases futuras aplicaciones trasladarse eventualmente práctica clínica trastornos epilépticos.

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Recent Uses of Lipid Nanoparticles, Cell-Penetrating and Bioactive Peptides for the Development of Brain-Targeted Nanomedicines against Neurodegenerative Disorders

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(23), P. 3004 - 3004

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

The lack of effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is an important current concern. Lipid nanoparticles can deliver innovative combinations active molecules to target the various mechanisms neurodegeneration. A significant challenge in delivering drugs brain ND treatment associated with blood–brain barrier, which limits effectiveness conventional drug administration. Current strategies utilizing lipid and cell-penetrating peptides, characterized by uptake mechanisms, have potential extend residence time bioavailability encapsulated drugs. Additionally, bioactive neurotropic or neuroprotective properties be delivered potentially mediate targeting pathways, e.g., neurotrophin deficiency, impaired metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, accumulation misfolded proteins peptide fragments, toxic protein aggregates, oxidative stress damage, neuroinflammation. This review discusses recent advancements CPPs view integration these two approaches into nanomedicine development dual-targeted nanoparticulate systems delivery disorders.

Language: Английский

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Current Advances in Nanotheranostics for Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Cardiovascular Disorders

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(10), P. 4922 - 4941

Published: Sept. 12, 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) refer to a collection of conditions characterized by abnormalities in the cardiovascular system. They are global problem and one leading causes mortality disability. Nanotheranostics implies combination diagnostic therapeutic capabilities inside single nanoscale platform that has allowed for significant advancement diagnosis therapy. These advancements being developed improve imaging capabilities, introduce personalized therapies, boost disease patient treatment outcomes. Significant progress been achieved integration within nanocarriers. In case disease, nanoparticles provide targeted delivery therapeutics, genetic material, photothermal, agents. Directing monitoring movement these may be done with pinpoint accuracy using modalities such as magnetic resonance (CMR), computed tomography (CT), positron emission (PET), photoacoustic/ultrasound, fluorescence imaging. Recently, there an increasing demand noninvasive multimodal nanotheranostic platforms. platforms, various technologies optical integrated into nanoparticle. This helps acquiring more accurate descriptions provides clues diagnosis. Advances surface functionalization methods have strengthened potential application nanotheranostics this Review, we covered impact nanomedicine on CVDs. Additionally, discussed recently CVDs Moreover, CMR, CT, PET, ultrasound, photoacoustic discussed. We limited our discussion nanomaterials based clinical trials their patents.

Language: Английский

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Soft Bioelectronics Using Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Neuroengineering

Accounts of Chemical Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(11), P. 1633 - 1647

Published: May 16, 2024

ConspectusThe identification of neural networks for large areas and the regulation neuronal activity at single-neuron scale have garnered considerable attention in neuroscience. In addition, detecting biochemical molecules electrically, optically, chemically controlling functions are key research issues. However, conventional rigid bulky bioelectronics face challenges applications, including mechanical mismatch, unsatisfactory signal-to-noise ratio, poor integration multifunctional components, thereby degrading sensing modulation performance, long-term stability biocompatibility, diagnosis therapy efficacy. Implantable been developed to be mechanically compatible with brain environment by adopting advanced geometric designs utilizing intrinsically stretchable materials, but such advances not able address all aforementioned challenges.Recently, exploration nanomaterial synthesis nanoscale fabrication strategies has facilitated design unconventional soft properties similar those tissues submicrometer-scale resolution comparable typical neuron sizes. The introduction nanotechnology provided improved spatial resolution, selectivity, single targeting, even multifunctionality. As a result, this state-of-the-art integrated two main types, i.e., synthesized nanomaterials structures. functional can assembled compose bioelectronics, allowing easy customization their functionality meet specific requirements. unique structures implemented could maximize performance terms stimulation. Such nanobioelectronics demonstrated applicability recording over long period intracellular level incorporation multiple functions, as electrical, optical, chemical stimulation functions.In Account, we will discuss technical pathways implementing nanostructures application neuroengineering. We traced historical development from deformable devices conform neuroengineering Recent approaches that introduced into enhanced spatiotemporal endowed various device functions. These nanobioelectronic technologies discussed categories: describe nanomaterial-integrated exhibiting functionalities modalities depending on nanomaterials. Meanwhile, explained superior administration methods. also exemplified applications across modalities, showcasing clinical treatment neurological diseases, tumors, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease. Finally, direction next-generation technologies.

Language: Английский

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Monolayer, open-mesh, pristine PEDOT:PSS-based conformal brain implants for fully MRI-compatible neural interfaces

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 260, P. 116446 - 116446

Published: May 28, 2024

Understanding brain function is essential for advancing our comprehension of human cognition, behavior, and neurological disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) stands out as a powerful tool exploring function, providing detailed insights into its structure physiology. Combining MRI technology with electrophysiological recording system can enhance the functionality through synergistic effects. However, integration neural implants presents challenges because strong electromagnetic (EM) energy during scans. Therefore, MRI-compatible should facilitate investigation activities functions in real-time high resolution, without compromising patient safety quality. Here, we introduce fully monolayer pristine open-mesh PEDOT:PSS interface. This approach addresses encountered while using traditional metal-based electrodes environment such induced heat or artifacts. has diamagnetic property lower electrical conductivity negative magnetic susceptibility similar to tissues. Furthermore, by adopting optimized structure, currents generated EM are significantly diminished, leading compatibility. Through simulations experiments, PEDOT:PSS-based showed improved performance reducing generation eliminating artifacts an environment. The capability was also validated measuring local field potential (LFP) from somatosensory cortex vivo experiment. development maximized compatibility indicates possibility tools future diagnostics.

Language: Английский

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