Role of the gut microbiota in anticancer therapy: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: May 13, 2023

Abstract In the past period, due to rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology, accumulating evidence has clarified complex role human microbiota in cancer and therapeutic response. More importantly, available seems indicate that modulating composition gut improve efficacy anti-cancer drugs may be feasible. However, intricate complexities exist, a deep comprehensive understanding how interacts with is critical realize its full potential treatment. The purpose this review summarize initial clues on molecular mechanisms regarding mutual effects between development, highlight relationship microbes immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy surgery, which provide insights into formulation individualized strategies for management. addition, current emerging microbial interventions as well their clinical applications are summarized. Although many challenges remain now, great importance cannot overstated strategies, it necessary explore holistic approach incorporates modulation cancer.

Language: Английский

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Biotherapy Using Probiotics as Therapeutic Agents to Restore the Gut Microbiota to Relieve Gastrointestinal Tract Inflammation, IBD, IBS and Prevent Induction of Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 5748 - 5748

Published: March 17, 2023

The gut microbiota is composed of several microbial strains with diverse and variable compositions in both healthy sick people. An undisturbed needs to be sustained order perform all physiological, metabolic, immune functions a normal way prevent the development diseases. This article has reviewed published information on issue disruption balance microbiota. could for many reasons, such as infection gastrointestinal tract, food poisoning, diarrhoea, chemotherapy, malnutrition, lifestyle, ageing. If this not restored normal, it might cause dysbiosis. Eventually, interrupted by dysbiosis initiate health issues, inflammation induction cancer, progression variety diseases irritable bowel syndrome inflammatory disease. review concluded that biotherapy natural using probiotic products, whether form food, beverages, or supplements, restore disrupted Metabolites secreted ingested probiotics help relieve tract can avoid cancer.

Language: Английский

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Molecular crosstalk between polyphenols and gut microbiota in cancer prevention

Nutrition Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 21 - 42

Published: Jan. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Malignant Tumors in Vagal-innervated Organs: Exploring Its Homeostatic Role

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 217539 - 217539

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Polysaccharide-Based Edible Gels as Functional Ingredients: Characterization, Applicability, and Human Health Benefits

Gels, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 524 - 524

Published: Aug. 21, 2022

Nowadays, edible materials such as polysaccharides have gained attention due to their valuable attributes, especially gelling property. Polysaccharide-based gels (PEGs) can be classified (i) hydrogels, (ii) oleogels and bigels, (iii) aerogels, cryogels xerogels, respectively. PEGs different characteristics benefits depending on the functional groups of polysaccharide chains (e.g., carboxylic, sulphonic, amino, methoxyl) preparation method. However, are found in incipient phase research most studies related preparation, characterization, sustainable raw materials, applicability. Furthermore, all these aspects treated separately for each class PEG, without offering an overview those already obtained PEGs. The novelty this manuscript is offer classification, definition, formulation, characterization applicability food sector packaging, improving profile agent, delivery systems) medical/pharmaceutical also critically discussed. Ultimately, correlation between PEG consumption properties human health intestinal microecology, "

Language: Английский

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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG cell-free supernatant as a novel anti-cancer adjuvant

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: March 14, 2023

Abstract Background Gut microbiota modulation has been demonstrated to be effective in protecting patients against detrimental effects of anti-cancer therapies, as well improve the efficacy certain treatments. Among most characterized probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is currently utilized clinics alleviate diarrhea, mucositis or intestinal damage which might associated with several triggers, including Clostridium difficile infections, inflammatory gut diseases, antibiotic consumption, chemotherapy radiation therapy. Here, we investigate whether LGG cell-free supernatant (LGG-SN) exert anti-proliferative activity toward colon cancer and metastatic melanoma cells. Moreover, assess potential adjuvant effect LGG-SN combination drugs. Methods alone either 5-Fuorouracil Irinotecan was used treat human cell lines. Dimethylimidazol-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay employed detect cellular viability. Trypan blue staining, anti-cleaved caspase-3 anti-total versus PARP western blots, annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometry analyses were death. Flow measurement DNA content (with propidium staining) together qPCR analysis cyclins expression cycle. Results We demonstrate that able selectively reduce viability cells a concentration-dependent way. While does not any on control fibroblasts. In cells, reduction apoptosis induction, but mitotic arrest G2/M phase Additionally, sensitizes both 5-Fluorouracil Irinotecan, thereby showing positive synergistic action. Conclusion Overall, our results suggest may contain one more bioactive molecules sensitize chemotherapeutic Thus, could proposed an ideal candidate for ground-breaking integrated approaches oncology, chemotherapy-related side overcome resistance relapse issues, thus ameliorating therapeutic response patients.

Language: Английский

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Potential Pathophysiological Pathways in the Complex Relationships between OSA and Cancer

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 1061 - 1061

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Several epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested a relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) higher incidence or severity of cancer. This appears to be dependent on myriad factors. These include non-modifiable factors, such as age gender; modifiable preventable specific comorbidities (especially obesity), the use particular treatments, and, above all, histological type location Heterogeneity in OSA cancer is also related influences intermittent hypoxemia (a hallmark feature OSA), among others, metabolism microenvironment different types tumoral cells. The hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF-1α), molecule activated expressed situations hypoxemia, seems key enabling variety pathophysiological mechanisms that are becoming increasingly better recognized. appear operationally involved via alterations cellular functions (mainly involving immune system) molecular functions, by inducing modifications microbiome. This, turn, may individually collectively increase risk cancer, which then, further modulated genetic susceptibility individual. Here, we provide an updated brief review pathways been identified could explain We identify future challenges need overcome this intriguing field research.

Language: Английский

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Fusobacterium nucleatum-derived small extracellular vesicles facilitate tumor growth and metastasis via TLR4 in breast cancer

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: May 23, 2023

Abstract Background The contributive role of the microbiome in tumor progression has been reported multiple studies, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum ( F. ) breast cancer (BC). This study aimed to explore -derived small extracellular vesicles (Fn-EVs) BC and preliminarily uncover mechanism. Methods Ten normal 20 cancerous tissues were harvested investigate gDNA expression its relation with clinical characteristics patients. After isolating Fn-EVs by ultracentrifugation from (ATCC 25,586), both MDA-MB-231 MCF-7 cells treated PBS, Fn, or Fn-EVs, followed being subjected CCK-8, Edu staining, wound healing, Transwell assays detect their cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion. TLR4 diverse treatments was assessed western blot. In vivo experiments performed verify growth liver metastasis. Results levels patients significantly higher than those subjects, positively associated size administration enhanced invasion cells, while knocking down could block these effects. Furthermore, verified metastasis BC, which might rely on regulation TLR4. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggest that plays an important regulating through Fn-EVs. Thus, a better understanding this process may aid development novel therapeutic agents.

Language: Английский

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Prodrug-conjugated tumor-seeking commensals for targeted cancer therapy

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract Prodrugs have been explored as an alternative to conventional chemotherapy; however, their target specificity remains limited. The tumor microenvironment harbors a range of microorganisms that potentially serve tumor-targeting vectors for delivering prodrugs. In this study, we harness bacteria-cancer interactions native the microbiome achieve high prodrug delivery. We identify oral commensal strain Lactobacillus plantarum with intrinsic cancer-binding mechanism and engineer enable surface loading anticancer prodrugs, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) model cancer. engineered commensals show specific binding NPC via OppA-mediated recognition heparan sulfate, loaded prodrugs are activated by tumor-associated biosignals release SN-38, chemotherapy compound, near NPC. vitro experiments demonstrate prodrug-loaded microbes significantly increase potency SN-38 against cell lines, up 10-fold. mouse xenograft model, intravenous injection L. leads bacterial colonization in tumors 67% inhibition growth, enhancing efficacy 54%.

Language: Английский

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Intestinal Dysbiosis: Microbial Imbalance Impacts on Colorectal Cancer Initiation, Progression and Disease Mitigation

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 740 - 740

Published: March 26, 2024

The human gastrointestinal tract houses a diverse range of microbial species that play an integral part in many biological functions. Several preclinical studies using germ-free mice models have demonstrated the gut microbiome profoundly influences carcinogenesis and progression. Colorectal cancer appears to be associated with dysbiosis involving certain bacterial species, including F. nucleatum, pks+ E. coli, B. fragilis, virome commensals also disrupted patients. A toward these pro-carcinogenic increases significantly CRC patients, reduced numbers preventative Clostridium butyicum, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium evident. There is correlation between infection CRC. particular, strongly where it therapeutic resistance poor outcomes carcinogenic mode action pathogenic bacteria result genotoxicity, epigenetic alterations, ROS generation, pro-inflammatory activity. aim this review discuss their impact on colorectal terms disease initiation, progression, metastasis. potential anticancer peptides as agents or adjuvants discussed, novel treatment options are required combat high levels current pharmaceutical options.

Language: Английский

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