Exploring the gut microbiome’s role in colorectal cancer: diagnostic and prognostic implications

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

The intricate interplay between the gut microbiome and colorectal cancer (CRC) presents novel avenues for early diagnosis prognosis, crucial improving patient outcomes. This comprehensive review synthesizes current findings on microbiome's contribution to CRC pathogenesis, highlighting its potential as a biomarker non-invasive screening strategies. We explore mechanisms through which influences CRC, including roles in inflammation, metabolism, immune response modulation. Furthermore, we assess viability of microbial signatures predictive tools offering insights into personalized treatment approaches. Our analysis underscores necessity advanced metagenomic studies elucidate complex microbiome-CRC nexus, aiming refine diagnostic accuracy prognostic assessment clinical settings. propels forward understanding capabilities, paving way microbiome-based interventions management.

Language: Английский

---

Multiomics insights into BMI-related intratumoral microbiota in gastric cancer

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Body mass index (BMI) is considered an important factor in tumor prognosis, but its role gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial. There a lack of studies exploring the effect BMI on from perspective intratumoral microbiota. This study aimed to compare and analyze differences functions microbiota among GC patients with varying BMIs, aiming ascertain whether specific microbial features are associated prognosis low-BMI (LBMI) patients. A retrospective analysis clinicopathological 5567 different BMIs was performed between January 2010 December 2019. Tumor tissues 189 were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing, 64 samples selected transcriptome 57 untargeted metabolomic analysis. Clinical cohort revealed that low presented poorer clinical pathological characteristics than those non-low-BMI (NLBMI). LBMI identified as significant independent risk adverse potentially exerting immunosuppressive effects postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. sequencing no alpha beta diversity two groups However, LEfSe 32 differential NLBMI groups. Notably, genus Abiotrophia significantly enriched group. Further in-depth indicated inversely eosinophils, P2RY12, SCN4B genes, positively linked LGR6 Metabolomic assessments purine metabolites, specifically guanine inosine diphosphate (IDP). In conclusion, poor may have inhibitory Intratumor flora levels differed, immune cell infiltration metabolic characteristics. The promote development progression by regulating eosinophils metabolism pathway, which provides new idea precise treatment cancer.

Language: Английский

---

Intestinal nanoparticle delivery and cellular response: a review of the bidirectional nanoparticle-cell interplay in mucosa based on physiochemical properties

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Orally administered nanocarriers play an important role in improving druggability, promoting intestinal absorption, and enhancing therapeutic applications for the treatment of local systemic diseases. However, delivering efficiency cell response mucosa to orally is affected by physiological environment barriers gastrointestinal tract, physicochemical properties nanocarriers, their bidirectional interactions. Goblet cells secrete form extracellular mucus, which hinders movement nanoparticles. Meanwhile, epithelial may absorb NPs, allowing transcytosis or degradation. Conversely, nanoparticle-induced toxicity occur as a biological nanoparticle exposure. Additionally, immune functions secretions such mucin, peptide, cytokines also be altered. In this review, we discuss interactions between nanoparticles focusing on enterocytes goblet cells, M according essential crosstalk with cells. Furthermore, recent advances how physiochemical influence interplay, delivery, fate mucosa. Understanding different from perspective interaction provides support development, rational design, potency maximation, application advanced oral nanocarrier delivery systems.

Language: Английский

---

Research Progress of Intestinal Flora in Colorectal Cancer

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(03), P. 122 - 129

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Colorectal cancer, as a common malignant tumor, has been increasing in incidence year by and become one of the leading causes death worldwide. Meanwhile, researchers have found close relationship between dysbiosis gut microbiota colorectal which further triggered indepth exploration role pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment cancer. Studies shown that there are specific microbial changes cancer tissues, including enrichment or depletion certain bacterial species, may be associated with tumor growth, invasion, metastasis. Additionally, to closely linked microenvironment, immune response, chemotherapy drug metabolism, other factors. In this context, it is imperative study A comprehensive understanding interaction not only helpful revealing novel mechanisms development, but also holds promise providing new strategies targets for early individualized treatment, prevention This review aims thoroughly discuss research progress its compositional characteristics, occurrence development potential clinical applications. The goal provide references insights field.

Language: Английский

---

Comparison analysis of the burden and attributable risk factors of early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer in China from 1990 to 2019

European Journal of Cancer Prevention, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Objectives The project intended to analyze the impact of burden and related risk factors late-onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC) early-onset (EOCRC) in China, thus offering essential references for optimizing prevention control strategies. Method Global Burden Disease Study was employed describe changes EOCRC LOCRC China during 1990–2019, containing numbers incidence, deaths, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), compare attributable deaths DALYs varying age sex segments. Results corresponding crude rates 1990–2019 demonstrated an upward trend across all categories, with males being dramatically predominant. Overall, over time, a low-calcium diet low-fiber on mortality DALY decreased, while other increased. In terms gender, affecting changed greatly, smoking, inadequate milk intake, low whole-grain main 2019, 1990, were diet, intake. Conclusion is concerning. Patients grouped by diagnostic exhibit different characteristics, indicating need high-quality research future achieve personalized medicine tailored population characteristics.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics on the Reproductive System, Intestinal Structure, and Microflora in Male and Female Mice

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 488 - 488

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

The pervasive use of plastics in numerous industrial sectors has resulted the circulation microplastics across diverse ecosystems and food chains, giving rise to mounting concerns regarding their potential adverse impacts on biological systems environment. objective this experiment was investigate distinct effects microplastic-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) exposure reproductive system, intestinal tissue structure, microbial flora both male female mice. A total 24 4-week-old Kunming mice were randomly assigned one four groups: control group (CM), (CF), PVC test (PVCM), (PVCF) (n = 6). findings revealed that terms PVCM exhibited an impaired testicular structure with irregular arrangement a significant reduction spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatozoa within seminiferous tubules (p < 0.01). PVCF notable decrease ovarian follicles 0.01), accompanied by uterus volume, fallopian tube muscle layer thickness, all which also decreased significantly In comparison groups, width height villi, increase crypt depth. This led alteration ratio villus depth (V/C) Moreover, species diversity observed groups; additionally, it contrasting changes relative abundance functional gene profiles among major constituents. summary, indicate induces damage digestive systems, further exhibiting sex-dependent mouse microflora composition, correlates its impact organs.

Language: Английский

---

Multiomics-based Analysis Reveals Differences in intratumoral microbiota and Prognostic in Gastric Cancer Patients with Different BMI

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Body mass index (BMI) is considered a significant prognostic factor for tumor outcomes;however, the role of BMI in gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial. Currently, there lack research investigating impact on GC from perspective intratumoral microbiota. This study aimed to compare and analyze differences functions microbiota among patients with varying BMIs, aiming ascertain whether specific microbial features are associated prognosis low-BMI patients.A retrospective analysis clinicopathological 5567 different BMIs were performed between January 2010 December 2019. Tumor tissues 189 collected 16S rRNA sequencing, 64 samples selected transcriptome 57 untargeted metabolomic analysis.Clinical cohort revealed that low BMI(LBMI) presented poorer clinical pathological characteristics than those nonlow- BMI༈NLBMI༉. LBMI has as independent risk adverse prognosis, potentially exerting immunosuppressive effects postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. sequencing no alpha beta diversity two groups patients. However, LEfSe 32 differential NLBMI groups. Notably, g_Abiotrophia was significantly enriched group. In LBMI, g_Abiotrophia negatively correlated eosinophil, P2RY12, SCN4B genes but positively LGR6. Metabolomic further positive correlation purine metabolism products guanine idp.LBMI an poor may have inhibitory There along distinct immune cell infiltration metabolic characteristics.g_Abiotrophia promote occurrence development by regulating eosinophils pathways, providing new solutions precision treatment GC.

Language: Английский

---

The global burden of colorectal cancer attributable to high body-mass index in 204 countries and territories: findings from 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2035

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

The association between high body-mass index (BMI) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been confirmed gained attention. However, a detailed understanding of the disease burden BMI CRC remains lacking.

Language: Английский

---